The main characteristics of Qin Opera

The performances of Qin Opera are simple, rough, delicate and profound, touching with emotion and full of exaggeration. There are 13 roles in total, including four students, six dans, two jings and one chou, also known as the "Thirteen Heads". They are both good at performing, singing and doing. After the Revolution of 1911, the Yisu Society was established in Xi'an, specializing in Qin Opera. It was determined to reform and absorb the nutrients of Peking Opera and other operas. The singing style has changed from high-pitched and passionate to soft and clear. It not only preserves the original style, but also incorporates new styles. It is absolutely very good. practical. The performances of Qin Opera are simple, rough, delicate, profound, touching with emotion and full of exaggeration. There are 13 roles in total, including four students, six dans, two jings and one chou, also known as the "Thirteen Heads". They are both good at performing, singing and doing. After the Revolution of 1911, Yisu Society was established in Xi'an, specializing in Qin Opera. It reformed vigorously and absorbed the nutrients of Peking Opera and other operas. The singing style changed from high-pitched and passionate to soft and clear. It not only preserved the original style, but also incorporated new styles of Qin Opera including There are two parts: "Banlu" and "Colorful Qiang", each part has happy and bitter sounds. The bitter tune best represents the characteristics of Qin Opera, which is deep, sad, impassioned, and suitable for expressing feelings of grief, indignation, nostalgia, and sadness; the happy tune is joyful, bright, vigorous, and powerful, and is good at expressing joy, cheerfulness, and hearty emotions. There are six basic types of board styles: [Twenty-Six Board], [Adagio], [Arrow Board], [Two Fall Board], [With Board], and [Roll Board]. Color tune, commonly known as Eryin, has an octave high pitch and is mostly used in places where the characters' emotions are aroused and the plot develops ups and downs. It is divided into four categories: Adagio, Erduoban cavity, Daiban cavity and Pad cavity. For all singing styles that belong to the banquet style, the real voice is used; for all singing styles that belong to the color style, the false voice is used. Xusheng, Qingyi, Laosheng, Laodan and Hua Lian of Qin Opera all sing in duet, which is called singing Luantan. There is a saying among the people that "Don'an is slow to Anxi's adagio, but Xi'an's singing is easy to play". Qin Opera before the late Qing Dynasty was also called Xi'an Luantan, which got its name from its duet singing. Some of the horned large-scale lurantans are as long as dozens of lines. For example, the wailing sound of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty in "Baibi Palace" requires more than 50 lines to be sung. It pays attention to the singing in a natural, graceful and melodious manner. It is known among the people as " The crispy board is flicked randomly." The forty-eight cries of "Down to the East of the River" require forty-eight lines to be sung; the seventy-two lines of "Beheading Li Guang" are no longer possible, and seventy-two lines have to be sung. The Hua Lian singing style pays attention to the "Jiang sound" and "Ao sound". It is difficult to sing in high pitch, but those who can become famous will become famous. The Qinqiang tunes are divided into six categories: strings, suona, sea flute, shengguan, Kunqu, and suites, with the main ones being string and suona tunes. The musical accompaniment of Qin Opera has always been called the four major pieces, with the two strings as the main accompaniment. It is known as the "boldness" of Qin Opera. The piano player plays an important role in the Qin Opera troupe and often sits in the middle of the front and back of the stage. The accompaniment music is good at playing old tunes, and the pitch is "Sanyan tune". After the 1930s, Chu Tiao (i.e., the lower pull method) was used instead. The performance of Qin Opera is unique in its own way. The character system includes four major roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. Each role is divided into many types, collectively known as the "Thirteen Heads Net". Generally speaking, theater troupes must establish a three-way role system with "four beams and four pillars" as the backbone according to the industry. The first-level characters include the first-level Xusheng, Zhengdan, Hualian and Xiaodan. The second-level characters include the Xiaosheng, the second-level Xusheng, the second-level Hualian and the Harlequin. The other roles such as Laodan and Laosheng are all third-level roles. The best in each role can play the leading role, while the others are supporting roles. Theater troupes with favorable conditions often spend large sums of money to invite famous actors. He is capable of all walks of life, including literature, martial arts, Kun, and chaos. He is an all-rounder and good at all kinds of moves. He is also known as "the burden of drama" or "full belly". Qin Opera performance skills are very rich, including all kinds of body movements and stunts. Commonly used ones include riding horses, pulling airs, spitting fire, throwing down, sweeping lanterns, playing with fire sticks, gun backs, overhead lights, teeth grinding, swivel chairs, etc. The performance skills of mythological dramas are even more unique and colorful. For example, when performing "Yellow River Formation", five kinds of magic weapons and props are used. The heaven-measuring ruler and the heaven-turning seal can cast long strings of fireworks, and the golden scissors can fly out butterflies. In addition, Hua Lian pays attention to the art of showing off his majestic and heroic spirit, and the masses call him "Jia Jia'er". Qin Opera is very great, with a history dating back to 1865. Strolling through Sanqin, the melody of Qin opera flows everywhere. Two or three miles away, the loudspeakers in the villages are playing Qin Opera; on the roadside, Qin people are singing Qin Opera happily; at night, the "self-music troupes" are performing Qin Opera; in the town theaters, the high-stage performances are Qin Opera . Qin people can make do with food that lacks salt, vinegar and spicy food, but they can't live without Qin opera. When a child is born and falls to the ground, he is greeted with Qin opera at the full moon; when an adult celebrates his or her birthday, a "self-entertainment troupe" is invited to entertain them; when an old man dies, a grand opera is performed to see him off in a lively manner. When you move to a new house or your children enter higher education, you should also sing songs to congratulate them. The hardship of life and the desire for happiness have created people's talent for singing Qin opera. The old man can act in this opera, the young man can sing the opera; the man can shout "luantan", and the woman can sing a cappella. Singing Qin opera has become a decent thing.

Of all the men and women walking around in front of others, who has never sang Qin Opera? When I was young, I followed my grandfather and father to learn to sing Qin Opera in a rigid manner. As an adult, when I entered the society, I poured into Qin Opera the joys and sorrows of life and the joys and sorrows of the loess land, and now I use them in singing, performing and reciting. People are in high spirits when happy events happen, and they sing a tune of "Allegro", "all of a sudden", "suddenly", the joy and joy actually make the birds chirp, the donkeys and horses roll around in joy; there is a fire in the belly, and they roar all the time. "Adagio", said "It's really pitiful", and sang based on "A penny can stump a hero", all the troubles and dissatisfaction, with the high-pitched roar, disappeared into the misty sky, followed by the blood The vitality, the stretching of muscles and bones, and the longing for a better life. "Singing Qin Opera together brings good luck in all seasons." The most popular thing in Qin, and what Qin people value most, is the performance of Qin Opera. The gongs, drums, and cymbals sounded loudly, and it was time for the big show. Listening to this formation, you can tell that the troupe's skills are not bad. In recent years, people in the opera community have become more energetic, and if they want to sing opera, they hire famous opera troupes. The curtain opened. The play was a familiar one, and the plot had been thoroughly understood. The Qin people stretched their necks and stared at the stage, watching with gusto. "A layman looks at the excitement, an expert looks at the door." What the people of Qin appreciate is the actors' skills in singing, composing, reading, and playing. It is an artistic charm that is high-pitched and passionate, rough and unrestrained, desolate and simple. When the play reaches its climax and the singing reaches its climax, the audience is still forgetful. Emotions fluctuate with the plot. Love and hate alternate with the rise and fall of the characters' fate. Joy, anger, sadness, and joy are all reflected in the color, sadness, sorrow, joy, and laughter. All appear in the face. A harlequin show, the audience roared with joy, and it became a sea of ​​laughter; a "bitter show" made the audience's eyes red, and the old women even burst into tears, "actually shedding tears watching the show, worrying about the ancients" ". Crying and laughing are all due to Qin Opera. "Eight hundred miles of Qinchuan are filled with dust, and 30 million people roar Qin Opera together." This is a true portrayal of the widespread influence of Qin Opera. Qinchuan has become the great pear garden of Qin Opera, and Qin Opera has become the soul of Qin people.