The name and function of the palace in the palace.
(1) The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.05 meters high, 63 meters from east to west and 35 meters from north to south, with an area of 2,377.00 _. The ratio of length to width is 9:5, which means the Ninth Five-Year Plan. The area is the largest among the main halls of the Forbidden City, and the shape is also the highest and most magnificent building. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is a hall with five ridges and four slopes, with long ridges from east to west and two oblique vertical ridges from front to back, thus forming a roof with five ridges and four slopes, which is called double eaves temple style in architectural terminology.
(2) There are 10 kinds of wild animals in the eaves (dragon, phoenix, lion, Tianma, seahorse, lion, dragon, dragon, cow and dragon), which is a special case of ancient buildings in China. From the Ming dynasty in the14th century, the double-eaved palace was the highest-ranking form of the feudal dynasty palace. The Hall of Supreme Harmony has 72 pillars with a diameter of 1 m, among which 6 are dragon pillars coated with gold powder around the throne.
(3) The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the place where the emperor held important ceremonies. That is, the emperor ascended the throne, birthdays, weddings, New Year's Day and so on are celebrated here.
2. Zhonghe Hall (called Gaihua Hall and Relay Hall in Ming Dynasty)
(1) One of the three halls of the Forbidden City, the smallest of the three halls of the outer court, is located behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Zhonghe Hall is 27 meters high, square in plane, 3 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep, with cloisters all around and brick floor, with a building area of 580_. The yellow glazed tile has a pyramid-shaped roof with a single eaves and four corners, with a gold-plated top in the middle. The top of the four ridges gather into a pointed shape, and the spherical treasure top is covered with a bronze tire, which is called the quadrangular pointed shape in architectural terminology.
(2) Zhonghe Hall is the place where the emperor rests and exercises etiquette before going to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for a ceremony. Before going to the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the emperor stopped here for a short time, accepted the salute of cabinet ministers and officials of the Ministry of Rites, and then entered the Hall of Supreme Harmony for a ceremony. In addition, before offering sacrifices to heaven and earth and ancestral halls, the emperor should also review the "bamboo board" with sacrificial words written on it here, and then look at the farm tools here before going to Zhongnanhai to carry out farming.
3. Baohe Hall (called Shenshen Hall and Jianji Hall in Ming Dynasty)
(1) is also one of the three halls of the Forbidden City, behind the Zhonghe Hall. Baohe Hall is 29 meters high, rectangular in plan, 9 rooms wide and 5 rooms deep, with a building area of 1240_. Yellow glazed tile double eaves xieshan roof. There is a positive ridge in the center of the roof, with two vertical ridges in front and two vertical ridges in the back. The lower part of each vertical ridge is inclined with a fork ridge, which, together with nine positive ridges, vertical ridges and fork ridges, is called inclined mountain type in architectural terminology.
Baohe Hall is the place where the emperor holds a banquet for foreign princes and nobles every New Year's Eve. Baohe Hall is also the place where imperial examinations are held.
4. Kunning Palace
(1) is behind the "inner court" of the Forbidden City. The double-eaved Kunning Palace is the bedroom of the Empress of the Ming Dynasty, with warm pavilions at both ends. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed into a place of worship. After Yongzheng, Xinnuange was a place where shamans offered sacrifices.
(2) Dongnuange is the bridal chamber of the emperor's wedding, where the five emperors of Orthodox, Wanli, Kangxi, Tongzhi and Guangxu all held their weddings.
5. Jiaotai Hall
(1) Between Gan Qing Palace and Kunning Palace, it means "harmony between heaven and earth makes Kangtai happy". Built in the Ming Dynasty, it was rebuilt in the third year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (AD 1798). It is a square temple with four corners, a gilded dome and dragons and phoenixes.
(2) During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this temple was the place where the Queen's birthday celebration was held. The queen meets the concubines here. The so-called queen's silkworm-kissing ceremony in Qing dynasty needs to check the preparations for the ceremony. There are also 25 "Bao Xi" (seals) from the Qing Dynasty (now in the Treasure Hall).
Extended data:
China Imperial Palace
1. In the history of more than 2,000 years in China, hundreds of emperors have emerged. Almost every emperor built a grand, luxurious and magnificent mausoleum, and these tombs were built on auspicious soil and fertile land. In the emperor's mind, the two are equally important. In the eyes of the world, it seems that people tend to pay more attention to the palace and despise the imperial tomb.
2. This is understandable. From the perspective of historical research, the importance of the imperial tomb is not worse than that of the imperial palace, or even more valuable. A palace can be used by many emperors or even several dynasties. The Forbidden City in Beijing is the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Twenty-four emperors of two dynasties lived there for 500 years. The Forbidden City has basically not changed much, so the palace can be passed down for decades or even hundreds of years. The most representative of imperial power is Bao Xi, 20 square Bao Xi in Ming Dynasty and 25 square Bao Xi in Qing Dynasty.
3. The imperial tomb is not like this. An emperor has a mausoleum, which was built in different times. At that time, the political, economic, military, cultural, scientific and technological conditions of the country were different; Every emperor's hobbies and interests are different, so every imperial tomb has the distinctive characteristics of that era. Therefore, from the perspective of historical research, the imperial tomb is more important than the palace.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-forbidden city