Correct your heart classical Chinese translation

1. Don’t sway one’s heart with power Classical Chinese Translator

Li Hao, whose courtesy name is Deyuan, first lived in Jianchang and then moved to Linchuan. Hao has long been known in literature. In the twelfth year of Shaoxing, he was promoted to Jinshi.

At that time, Qin Xi took the Prime Minister's son to Kuedoshi. They all saw him in the same year and tried to persuade him to go, but decided not to go. He was transferred to the Sihu of Rao Prefecture to join the army, and was promoted to an official in Xiangyang Prefecture. He was transferred to a professor in Jinzhou, changed to the director of Taichang Temple, and was appointed as the Prime Minister of Guanglu Temple.

Begging for foreigners and getting Taizhou. There are 500 people in the imperial army in the state. The training officers are corrupt and have lost the hearts of the people. Those who fail to succeed cause chaos and suddenly show their swords in the court. Hao said: "You want to cause chaos? Please kill me first." The people were horrified and said: "I don't dare." Xu Tui, the leader, and the four others moved there, but nothing happened so far. Except Zhimi Pavilion. There are local bandits in the sea, but they have not been captured for a long time. They recruit their followers and bind themselves to atone for their sins, and then they can capture their leader.

Next year, we will remove Si Nong Shaoqing. At that time, the imperial court purchased 80,000 yuan of rice, and those who were in charge of his affairs concealed the official money, and the household department did not dare to question him. Hao Bai discovered his traitor, and there was a secretary under him. When the Ministry of Household Affairs wanted to report to Zhiji, Dali joined the meeting and Haozheng said: "Not only does it benefit traitors, but it also deprives the army of food." This is what he said. After meeting with Dali to report to the prison, Gu Fuchen said: "The official of Ji Temple is as strong as Li Hao." With the Qing Dynasty missing, he said again: "There is no way to change Hao." Then Dali Qing was eliminated.

In Haozhi County, there used to be a spiritual canal for water transportation and irrigation. However, it has not been repaired for a long time. The people are relying on its benefits. Yongguan was under the jurisdiction of Anping Prefecture, and its chiefs were afraid of danger and planned to gather troops to cause border dangers. Hao sent individual envoys to warn him of disaster and blessing, and promised him to be pardoned and rehabilitated. He kowtowed and thanked him on the same day, burned the water fence, and listened to the restraint of the Taifu.

Haotian is straightforward and well-educated, and does not care about interests or harms. Shao learns as words, and Zhuangyi sinks the theory and meaning. The emperor took the current affairs as his own responsibility, was fiercely loyal and angry, and spoke out about the current ills. He was jealous of the public. In ordinary life, I have never seen a fake person use words and words. Those who don’t know are proud of it, or they may come up to him and say: "This person has no one else, and he is the same in front of me. He is not a proud person." The villain is afraid of him, and lures him with salary and benefits, and he is serious. No reply. Those who seek harm are everywhere, and we rely solely on the superiors to observe their intentions and always avoid them. For the sake of the county, I clean myself up and return from the sea to the right, not carrying a single thing from the South China Sea. When you have been raised like a commoner all your life, your style and quality are high, and no one dares to do anything for personal reasons.

Notes

①Qin Xi: Son of Qin Hui

②Dali: Official signature, in charge of prisons, also known as Dali Temple and Ji Temple

Li Hao, whose courtesy name is Deyuan, his ancestors lived in Jianchang (now Xichang, Sichuan) and moved to Linchuan (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi). Li Hao was famous for his literary talent in his early years. In the twelfth year of Shaoxing (the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty), he passed the Jinshi examination.

At that time, Qin Xi won the first prize in the examination by virtue of his status as the son of Prime Minister Qin Hui, and recruited scholars. All the scholars who passed the examination in the same year went to visit him. Someone asked Li Hao to go with him, but Li Hao resolutely did not go. He was appointed as the Sihu of Raozhou, joining the army, and the observation and promotion officer of Xiangyang Prefecture. Because his parents died one after another, he stayed filial piety. After observing his filial piety, he served as a professor in Jinzhou, and then as the registrar of Taichang Temple. Soon he also served as the Cheng of Guanglu Temple.

Li Hao requested to take a local post and was appointed to Taizhou. There were 500 Imperial Guards in Taizhou. The officials who trained the Imperial Guards were greedy and cruel and unpopular. The dissatisfied people plotted to cause rebellion. Suddenly they took out their weapons in the hall. Li Hao said to them: "Do you want to cause rebellion? Just kill me first." Everyone was afraid and said, "We don't dare." Li Hao then calmly identified the four leaders and sentenced them to tattoos on their faces and exile, and the matter was settled. Promoted to Zhimi Pavilion. There have been bandits in the Binghai area for many years, but they have not been captured for a long time. Li Hao bribed their minions and asked them to tie him up to atone for their sins, and soon captured the leader of the bandits.

The next year, he was promoted to Sinong Shaoqing. At that time, the imperial court purchased 80,000 shi of rice, but the officials in charge of the rice purchase secretly withheld the state's money, and the Ministry of Household Affairs did not dare to interfere. Li Hao exposed his crime, and the emperor asked the relevant departments to pursue it to the end. The Ministry of Household Affairs planned to make up a sum and pass it off, and Dali Temple (Criminal Law Department) agreed. Li Hao argued: "This not only benefits the criminals, but also damages the army's food." The emperor thought he was right. Just in time for another case to be decided in Dali Temple, the emperor said to the ministers: "The prison officer must be appointed by someone like Li Hao." Soon the Dali minister was vacant, and the emperor said: "No one can take the post except Li Hao. ” So Li Hao was promoted to Minister of Dali.

After Li Hao took office, the Ling Canal, which was used for water transportation and irrigation, was in disrepair for a long time. He ordered people to dredge it so that the people could enjoy its benefits. In Anping Prefecture under the jurisdiction of Yongguan (the place name is located in Gangxi), the chief here relied on the difficult terrain and planned to gather troops to cause trouble at the border. Li Hao sent an envoy to explain their serious relationship to them and promised to pardon him and let him change his ways. After reforming, the chief kowtowed and apologized on the same day, burned and removed the fence on the water, and obeyed the restrictions of the superior authorities.

Li Hao is born with integrity and profound self-cultivation, and will not change his will due to misfortune or fortune. He studied diction diligently since he was a child, and became even more obsessed with studying righteousness when he grew up. When he was an official in the imperial court, he took current affairs as his own responsibility. He was fiercely loyal and angry, and his discussions focused on current affairs, so he was hated by everyone. He never looked good on others. People who didn't know him thought he was aloof and arrogant. Someone framed him in front of the emperor. The emperor said: "He has nothing, and he is the same in front of me. He is not an arrogant person." He was afraid of him and tempted him with money, but he ignored it with a straight face. Those who tried to harm him used all kinds of methods. Fortunately, the emperor understood his loyalty and always protected him.

Being a local official is especially clean and honest. After returning to the court from the Haiyou area to serve as an official, he did not bring anything from the South China Sea. His daily routine is the same as when he was a commoner. His style is very high, and people don't dare to ask him for personal matters. 2. Translation of the classical Chinese text "Rectify the Man and Righteous Mind" Selected from the translation of "Fu Zi·Rectify the Heart"

There is no foundation for establishing morality than the "Rectify the Mind" by Fu Zi.

When the mind is upright, then the body is upright, and when the body is upright, then the left and right sides are upright. When the people on the left and right are upright, the court will be upright; when the court is upright, the country will be upright; when the country is upright, the world will be upright.

Therefore, if the world is not upright, fix the country; if the country is not upright, fix the court; if the court is not upright, fix the left and right; if the left and right are not upright, fix the body; if the body is not upright, fix the mind. What you cultivate is closer, and what you cross becomes farther.

Yu Tang blamed himself for being prosperous, which meant that he was honest. Heart of Man, Divine Lord, Unity of All.

Moving without losing justice can move the world, let alone others? How much more in all things? If you have a righteous heart, you must have righteousness, and ruling the people with righteousness is like watching a shadow on a tree and doing things without being told. "Daya" says: "Imitate King Wen, and all nations will trust you."

That's what it means. If there is an evil heart, there must be illegal behavior. Managing the people with illegal behavior is like the direct cause of a tree bending its surface and looking at its shadow.

If you are sitting in the imperial court, you will be thinking about the wildness of clouds and dreams; when you are the prime minister, you will be interested in Qufang's mistakes. The heart and body are separated, emotions and ambitions are contrary to each other, and the body and spirit are not protected from each other. Can anyone control it correctly? If loyalty, integrity and benevolence exist in the heart, then everything will be in order.

The existence of etiquette and rituals is a sign that everyone knows, both inside and outside. In ancient times, when adults cultivated their moral character and governed others, they first corrected their thoughts, and then it was enough to get it.

If you can get it, it’s no big deal. If you lose yourself, there is nothing you cannot lose.

Nothing is impossible, there are many people who can govern the world, so otherwise they can protect Zhang Juzheng, maintain harmony all year round, and be harmonious to the world. Even if he is not a human being, and disaster strikes him, he will indulge in what he uses, causing disaster to the world. In the past, there was a Yu family who played the five-stringed qin, and the harmonious music in the world was obtained from it.

The Great Wall built by Qin Shihuang was a solid fortress. Disasters almost happened to the people around him, and they have since been lost. The husband confided in his heart because he was a human being and China was protected by him, so King Wen was such a person.

If you do not sincerely abuse the world, you will not be able to protect your left and right. The Qin Dynasty is right. The king of Qin looked at the beauty of the beautiful city, and the men and women in the world were resentful and unwilling to show mercy; his ears were debauched with the music of the country's subjugation, and the world was full of sorrow and did not know how to record it.

He has traveled far and wide to eat all the delicacies in the world, built palaces in the sky, and made all countries haggard for them. He has no eyes to satisfy his desires, and only insincerity to judge people, so it depends on the people he employs. Just like using grass, is there anything inappropriate in letting others use themselves? In ancient treatment, we know that the heart is the master of all things, and if it is moved without restraint, it will happen, so correct your thoughts first. His heart is inside, and the movement is not easy.

To lead the world, and then the world will follow the right path, but still maintain its characteristics. Is this far? Just ask for it. 3. Classical translation

Wang Shouren's work "Chuan Xi Lu" "The external mind is to seek truth, and this knowledge and action are two things.

Seeking truth in my heart is the combination of knowledge and action of this holy sect. "Yi Zhi Jiao" and "Zhuan Xi Lu" are quotations and theoretical letters written by Wang Shouren (alias Yangming), a Chinese philosopher from the Ming Dynasty and a representative figure of the Taoist central school in the Song and Ming Dynasties. The word "chuanxi" comes from the phrase "chuanxi" in "The Analects".

"Zhuanxi Lu" contains Wang Yangming's main philosophical thoughts and is an important material for studying the development of Wang Yangming's thoughts and psychology. The first volume was reviewed by Wang Yangming himself, and the letters in the middle volume were written by Wang Yangming himself and were his writings in his later years. Although the second volume has not been reviewed by himself, it explains his thoughts in his later years in more detail and records the "four ideas" proposed by Wang Yangming. "Judgment of Judgment".

Wang Yangming inherited the Xinxue tradition of Cheng Hao and Lu Jiuyuan, and further criticized Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism on the basis of Lu Jiuyuan. The thoughts in "Zhuanxi Lu" clearly express these positions and Viewpoint.

"The heart is reason" was originally Lu Jiuyuan's proposition, and Wang Yangming criticized Zhu Xi's cultivation method for seeking truth outside the heart and seeking the harmony of external things. And the supreme good.

Wang Yangming believes that "the supreme good is the essence of the heart" and "the heart is the principle. This heart is not covered by selfish desires, it is the principle of heaven, and there is no need to add anything external." "He said this to emphasize that the foundation of ethical norms in society lies in the perfection of the human heart.

Based on this principle, his interpretation of "The Great Learning" is very different from that of Zhu Xi. Zhu Xi believed that "The Great Learning" is about "the study of things" "Zhizhi" requires students to finally understand the "all-purpose" of the human heart through understanding external objects.

Wang Yangming believes that the "qualification" of "investigating things" is to "remove the injustice of the heart in order to maintain the righteousness of its essence." . "The essence of mind is knowledge, and the place of mind is matter."

"Knowledge" is inherent in the human mind and does not come from knowing external things. This knowledge is "conscience". /p>

He said: "The so-called knowledge and investigation of things means that I have a good understanding of everything. The good knowledge in my heart is the so-called heavenly principle.

If my heart and conscience understand the principles of heaven in everything, then everything will be justified. The one who leads to the conscience of my heart is the one who leads to knowledge; the one who understands the reason for everything is the investigation of things; it is the one who combines the heart and reason into one.

"In his view, Zhu Xi's theory of "Ge Wu Qi Li" is precisely the analysis of mind and reason as two. It can be seen that Wang Yangming's proposition of "mind is reason" mainly serves his theory of cultivation. .

The theory of Zhiliangzhi is the development of Lu Jiuyuan’s idea that the heart is reason. It also has ontological implications in our general sense.

However, if we focus on it. Studying it from the perspective of ontology will ignore its basic significance in Wang Yangming’s theory of cultivation. The issue of knowledge and action is an important issue discussed in "Zhuan Xi Lu", and it also reflects Wang Yangming’s further research on this issue in Song and Ming Taoism since Zhu Xi.

Zhu Zi advocated knowledge first and action second, and the "unity of knowledge and action" proposed by Wang Yangming continued Zhu Zi's tradition of focusing on action, but criticized Zhu Zi's separation of knowledge and action. The unity of knowledge and action is based on the principle of mind. Criticism of Zhu Zi also pointed out that he fundamentally analyzed the mind and reason as two. He said: "The reason why knowledge and action are two is to seek principles from the outside."

Seeking truth from my heart, this holy sect teaches the unity of knowledge and action. "The meaning of "unity of knowledge and action" means that knowledge and action are two aspects of one thing.

Knowledge is the conscience of the heart's essence; conscience fills the popular and develops into objective and concrete actions or things, that is, Action. Starting from this understanding, if you know but don't do it, you just don't know.

Knowing is the idea of ​​doing, and doing is the effort of knowing. Therefore, there is a saying that knowing and doing are one.

In the society at that time and in the development of Neo-Confucianism, there was indeed a situation of knowing but not doing. It is not just a matter of current problems, but it is first of all to explain the theory of "the unity of knowledge and action" which emphasizes that moral consciousness inherently exists in people's hearts.

It also emphasizes the consciousness of morality. The practical nature of morality holds that moral knowledge is not knowledge about objects, but the realization of morality. The integration of knowledge and action also has general epistemological significance, but it first talks about moral cultivation, and the latter has been absent from the academic community for a long time. Study in depth.

Wang Yangming's "Heart is Reason", "Conscience" and "Unity of Knowledge and Action" all emphasize the consciousness and dominance of morality. He said: "Knowledge is the soul of reason. In terms of its dominance, it is called the heart, and in terms of its endowment, it is called the nature.

"The human heart can know the good and evil of actions, and can also consciously do good deeds. This is the "clear awareness" of the original mind, which is the development of Cheng Hao's thought. "The Human Heart" in "Chuan Xi Lu" There are many discussions on "Xu Ling Ming Jue"

In order to fully and correctly grasp Wang Yangming's "external irrationality" and other theories, it is necessary to study his discussions in depth precisely because of the human heart. The essence is principle, and people can be conscious of this moral consciousness, so people do not need to understand the principle of their own hearts through external objects. The principle of external objects is only the expression of the human heart.

The work of Gezhi is not to understand. It is about removing the blindness of selfish desires from the original mind. Both Cheng Hao and Zhu Xi discussed it.

Readers should understand the connection and difference between Wang Yangming and them when reading "Zhuanxi Lu". . It should be admitted that Wang Yangming’s above thoughts do provide an ontological explanation of the goodness of human nature and have historical significance.

However, it must also be noted that his theory does not provide enough research on the reasons for the evil of human nature. The theory was also influential among the lower class people in the Ming Dynasty, but it cannot be said to be universal.

Wang Yangming also noticed that people with "sharp roots" and "blunt roots" should be treated differently. But his thoughts are only suitable for people with strong roots. Later generations criticized him for being "near Zen".

This is also the reason why Wang Yangming is inferior to Zhu Xue. This deviation of Wang Yangming began to be criticized by modern scholars. Note, however, among the contemporary Neo-Confucian scholars, except for Liang Shuming, Wang Yangming also discussed the realm of "the benevolent person and all things in the world" proposed by Cheng Hao in "Zhuan Xi Lu". /p>

He pointed out that saints have this state, so they see people in the world without distinction between internal and external, far and near, and treat them with kindness. He further proposed that the hearts of people in the world are the same as those of saints. , just because of selfish desires, they turn love into hatred.

In Wang Yangming’s view, benevolence is not only the state to be achieved in cultivation, but also the essence of human heart. Wang Yangming’s explanation of benevolence focuses on moral cultivation.

The benevolence discussed by Cheng Hao is the same as Zhang Zai's "The Way of Integrating Internal and External Affairs", and it also has the significance of epistemology. The "Four Sentences" recorded in the "Chuanxi Lu" are the successors of Wang Xue. .

These four sentences.

Scholars have four mistakes, and teachers must know them. If you lose it, it will be easy. If you lose it, you will stop it. If you know your heart, you can save it. Translation:

People who learn have four problems, or shortcomings, which must be known to those who educate others. Those who impart knowledge must know.

The main thing is people's learning attitude, either they are greedy for more and seek speed, swallowing dates in a gulp; or they are dabbling in water, trying only briefly; they are eager for success, looking for shortcuts; or they are timid and stop when they are in trouble. These four problems all lie in not really putting your mind into learning and not developing your thinking correctly. Only when teachers know what these people are thinking can they take appropriate measures to correct such problems. Those who teach are those who are good at discovering and correcting students' mistakes. 5. Translation of "Xu Heng" in classical Chinese

Xu Heng. Enjoy crossing Heyang in the summer heat. Very much. There are pears in the road. Everyone eats it. Heng Duwei sits under the tree. Or ask. say. Take it for what it is not. No. People say. The world is in chaos and there is no master. say. The pear has no owner. My heart has no owner. All funerals and marriages. Must be conquered by etiquette. Scholars in his hometown are prosperous. Some fruits are ripe and rotten and fall to the ground. The boy passed it. Nor looked away. This is how his family behaved. The emperor wants to see him. Say goodbye to illness. After death. Scholars from all over gathered together and wept. People from thousands of miles away come to offer sacrifices to those who are crying in their graves. Posthumous title Wenzheng. (Biography of Xu Heng)

Translation:

Xu Heng was born in Hanoi (today's north of the Yellow River in Henan Province) in the Yuan Dynasty. His courtesy name was Zhongping. He was erudite and taught well, and many people came to follow him. He studies. He inscribed a plaque on his study called "Lu Zhai".

In his early years, Xu Heng once fled with many people. After passing through Heyang, the weather was hot due to the long journey, and his throat was dry and thirsty. His companions found a pear tree near the road with fruit on it. There were many pears, and everyone rushed to pick pears to quench their thirst. Only Xu Heng was sitting upright under the tree, not even moving. Everyone felt strange, and someone asked Xu Heng: "Why don't you pick pears?" Come and eat?" Xu Heng replied: "The pear tree is not mine, how can I just pick it and eat it?" The man said, "The current situation is so chaotic, everyone is fleeing. This pear tree, I'm afraid there is no owner anymore, so why should I care?" Xu Heng said; "Even if the pear tree has no owner, doesn't my heart also have an owner?"

During funerals and weddings, good and bad etiquette must be followed. After this, all the people in the township were influenced, and the custom of studying in the township gradually became more and more popular.

Whenever the fruits of the fruit trees in the village mature and fall to the ground, the children in the village pass by without even looking at them. This is how the villagers teach their children not to be greedy. Xu Heng's virtues spread throughout the world, and the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty heard about it and wanted to appoint Xu Heng as prime minister. However, Xu Heng did not seek glory and wealth, so he resigned due to illness.

Later, after his death, people from all over the world came to gather in front of the soul and weep bitterly. Some people came from thousands of miles away to pay homage and weep under the tomb. The emperor gave him the posthumous title "Wenzheng".

※The ancients said: "A righteous man will not deceive his heart, and an honest man will not take anything rashly." Let's look at Xu Heng, he would rather endure the pain of thirst, not let go of a single thought of greed, and keep his conscience in his heart. Like a rope, we strictly adhere to the Confucian integrity and the Buddhist precept not to steal, which is truly pure and perfect. His sound personality not only spreads to the whole village, but also inspires the whole world. When he passed away, people from all over the world gathered to mourn and pay homage, which is a testament to the profound and touching virtues in his life! 6. Cultivate one's moral character, govern one's family, and bring peace to the world. Chinese translation

Correct one's mind, cultivate one's character, govern one's family, govern the country, and bring peace to the world

"Book of Rites·University"

Original text "In ancient times, if you want to bring enlightenment and virtue to the world, you must first govern your country; if you want to govern your country, you must first regulate your family; if you want to regulate your family, you must first cultivate your body; if you want to cultivate your body, you must first rectify your mind... …The mind is upright, then the body is cultivated, the body is cultivated, then the family is in order, the family is in order, then the country is governed, and the country is governed, then the world is peaceful.” The general idea is that those in ancient times who wanted to make their virtues manifest in the world must first govern their country well; The people of the country must first put their own homes in order; the people who want to put their families in order must first cultivate themselves; the people who want to cultivate themselves must first correct their thoughts... After correcting their thoughts, they can then cultivate and perfect themselves; When self-cultivation is perfected, the family will be in order; when the family is in order, the country will be stable and prosperous; when the country is stable and prosperous, the world will be peaceful.