Ji Xiaolan’s merits and demerits

In his life, Ji Xiaolan did two things the most. One was to preside over the imperial examinations, and the other was to lead the editing. He was an examiner for the rural examination twice and the examiner for the civil and military examination six times. Therefore, he had many corporals and had great influence in the scholarly community. He has presided over editing more times, and has successively served as editor of Wuying Palace, editor of Santong Library, chief compiler of Meritorious Officials Library, chief compiler of National History Museum, chief editor of Fanglue Library, and chief compiler of Sikuquanshu Library. , Chief Compiler of the Excerpts of the Martyrs of the Victorious Heroes, President of the Official List of Officials, President of the Eight Banners Tongzhi Hall, Vice President of the Record Hall, Vice President of the Huidian Hall, etc. It is not an exaggeration to say that he was a momentary generosity. In his later years, Ji Xiaolan once wrote an elegiac couplet of his own: "The ups and downs of officialdom are like gulls and birds; the collection of books on life and death is like silverfish", which can be regarded as a true portrayal of his life. After he turned sixty, he served as the governor of the capital five times and the minister of rites three times. After Ji Xiaolan died, he built a tomb in Beicun, five miles south of Cuierzhuang. Special officials from the imperial court went to Beicun to offer sacrifices at Linxue, and Emperor Jiaqing personally wrote an inscription for him, which was a moment of great honor and sorrow. Politics In politics, Ji Xiaolan is also very insightful, but it is a pity that his literary name hides it. He believed that "the way to educate the people is easy if it is based on its momentum, but it is difficult if it is not controlled by its momentum." It advocates "taking into account the situation" and seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages. That is to say, we should make the best use of the situation according to the actual situation. The purpose was to avoid a situation like the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty due to the intensification of conflicts that would lead to a showdown. Ji Xiaolan's family experienced severe setbacks and blows during the turmoil in the late Ming Dynasty. Ji Xiaolan's proposition of attaching importance to people's sentiments and taking advantage of the situation cannot but be said to be based on experience. At the same time, it also shows that he had a sharper view of various social contradictions under the cover of the "prosperous age" at that time. It is precisely because of this that he is more concerned about the sufferings of the people. In the summer of the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong's reign (1792), severe floods occurred near Beijing. Thieves appeared in droves. A large number of hungry people rushed into the capital to eat. The order was very chaotic, and there was a lot of firewood and fire. Seeing this situation, Ji Xiaolan hurriedly presented his case to the emperor, analyzed the pros and cons, and petitioned to withhold tens of thousands of grains from Nan Cao officials, and to set up porridge and provide relief in the disaster area. The hungry people in the capital retreated without being driven away, and social order was stabilized. Although subjectively it was to maintain the rule of the imperial court, objectively it helped the victims survive the famine, which cannot but be said to be good governance. In politics, we advocate "taking into account the situation of the situation" and taking advantage of the situation. In theory, we have to criticize the harsh observation of Song Confucianism. Since the Confucianism of the Song Dynasty put forward the slogan of "preserving the principles of nature and destroying human desires", feudal ethics such as the persecution of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Three Cardinal Guidelines and the Five Constant Rules have been raised to frightening heights, and Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism has become a soft knife that kills people without blood. Some Taoists only talk about morality, rationality and destiny, and when they encounter practical problems, they feel as if they are in a fog. What follows are some hypocrites who talk about benevolence, justice and morality but only commit male thieves and female prostitutes. Ji Xiaolan hates the pedantry and hypocrisy of Taoists very much. He is sarcastic, but when given the opportunity, he is ready to explode and his words are quite harsh. In a story in "Yuewei Thatched Cottage Notes", he even used the words of Pluto to cry out to the society: "Since the Song Dynasty, he is the only one who stubbornly insists on one reason and does not consider the interests of the situation!" When he was ten years old, he stood up and challenged Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism on the issue of the category of martyrs. Some officials stipulate that women who are killed for resisting are regarded as martyrs and will be given a warning; but those who are "tied and defiled and refuse to submit to death" are not regarded as martyrs and will not be given a warning. Ji was very dissatisfied with this, thinking it was purely an unsympathetic comment made by a Taoist. He openly and solemnly stated: "The ambition of defending a sword and sacrificing one's life is no different from that of a person who was killed in resistance. For example, if a loyal minister or martyr swears not to be a thief, even if he binds an envoy to kneel down and worship him, can he be said to be a thief of the imperial court?" After his generous presentation, According to the poem, the emperor "had a division under his command to briefly indicate the differences and give instructions." Ji Xiaolan undoubtedly won. Although this was a debate within the feudal ruling class, it still had positive significance in terms of how to treat women as a social issue. Mr. Lu Xun, in "A Brief History of Chinese Novels", said that Ji Xiaolan "has a noble and tolerant attitude towards society and a desire to forgive others", which is very pertinent. He is completely different from those hypocritical Taoist teachers. Ji Xiaolan and his works are worthy of study. Ji Xiaolan's story Ji Yun is well-informed, knowledgeable, savvy and eloquent, with a "iron-tongued" mouth that no one can answer. It is said that when Ji Yun was compiling "Sikuquanshu", it was a hot day. Ji Yun was afraid of the heat, so he went bare-chested, tied his hair in pigtails, and bent over his desk to read and proofread the book. At this time, Emperor Qianlong entered the compilation library and Ji Yun met him. , knowing that it was disrespectful to see the emperor like this, but he had no time to get dressed, so he hurriedly hid under the table and covered himself with a curtain. Emperor Qianlong pretended not to see him and told everyone not to be formal and to work as usual. He sat in Ji Yun's seat without saying a word. Ji Yun hid for a long time, sweating profusely and feeling very uncomfortable. Seeing that there was no sound, he opened a corner of the curtain and asked, "Is the old man gone?" When he looked up, Emperor Qianlong was staring at him and said seriously: "Ji Yun must not be rude." At this moment, Ji Yun was so frightened that his legs became weak. He quickly crawled out from under the table, found some clothes to wear, and kowtowed to apologize: "The humble minister deserves to die!" Emperor Qianlong said: "Everything else is fine. Forgive me, calling me 'old man' is unforgivable. This 'old man' will live if you say something, and die if you don't say anything." Everyone else broke into a cold sweat for Ji Yun. Ji Yun stood up, thought for a while, calmly, and replied with a smile: "Yes, yes, yes! Listen to me, the emperor is called Long Live, this is called 'old'; the emperor is the head of the people, this is called 'old'" 'Head'; the emperor is the Son of Heaven, this is the 'Son', so the Emperor is called the 'Old Man'.

After hearing this, Qianlong smiled and said, "Okay!" good! good! You are truly Chunyu Kun and Cao Zijian is reincarnated. I forgive you for your innocence. " Another time, at the end of the book compilation, Ji Yun wrote a summary of the "book list" to the emperor. He wrote vigorously and finished it in one go. The chief steward was jealous of Ji Yun's talent, so he hired two more people to compile the "book list", with the intention of Later, because what they wrote was really unsightly, they had to bring Ji Yun's copy, sign it with their names, and present it to the emperor. Before Qianlong could read it, he asked, "Is this written by someone named Ji?" ? "It turns out that Qianlong had long understood Ji Yun's writing style. Ji Yun liked to smoke dry cigarettes and held a big tobacco bag in his hand all day long. Civil servants and generals secretly called him "Ji Big Cigarette Bag". Once, Qianlong issued an urgent order, but Ji Yun was too late. After extinguishing the cigarette, he had to hide the pipe in his boots and go to see the emperor. The smoke burned in his boots. Ji Yun endured the pain and hoped that the emperor would finish it quickly. Only when smoke came out of his trousers, the emperor asked him what happened. Yun replied: “There’s a fire! "The emperor quickly asked him to go out to put out the fire, and Ji Yun went out with one foot. For a long time, Ji Yun had to use a cane. Ji Yun liked humor and banter, and ministers were often teased by him. Once, Ji Yun Ji Yun went to see a high-ranking official who had a large tumor on his forehead. Ji Yun said to him: "As a high-ranking official, you have to pay attention to your image. Why don't you go see a doctor and have it removed?" ? "The minister told Ji Yun that he had seen many things and they all said there was nothing he could do. Ji Yun said seriously: "There is a doctor in a certain street who hides his secrets and is not a common man. If you prepare some generous gifts and ask him, you will definitely be able to cure your illness. . "The minister went to look for the doctor the next day, but when he saw a tumor on the doctor's head that was bigger than his own, he realized that he had been tricked by Ji Yun. 2007-11-27 22:50:37 Supplement: Resume Table: 1724 (birth): the second year of Yongzheng; Ji Yun was born at noon on the 15th day of the sixth lunar month. Year of the Dragon: 1727 (4 years old): the fifth year of Yongzheng; taught by Mr. Ji Ruai, and met his father for the first time in 1730. 1743 (7 years old) The eighth year of Yongzheng's reign; he took part in the boy examination and was nicknamed the 'Prodigy' with excellent results. 1743 (20 years old) The eighth year of Qianlong's reign; he took part in the scientific examination in August and won the first place; Ji Yun became complacent. The following year, he only passed the fourth grade. In 1744 (21 years old), the ninth year of Qianlong's reign, he had been married for nearly four years, and his eldest son Ruji was already babbling. In 1747 (24 years old), he took the Zhengke Provincial Examination. Winning the first place means getting the title. 2007-11-27 22:51:13 Supplement: In the spring of 1748 (25 years old), the thirteenth year of Qianlong's reign, he participated in the imperial examination and was blocked from becoming a Jinshi because of his excessive pride. In 1750 (27 years old), the 15th year of Qianlong's reign, Ji Yun's mother passed away, and Ji Yun stayed in mourning until August of the 17th year of Qianlong's reign. In 1751 (28 years old), in the 16th year of Qianlong's reign, Ji Yun stayed at home to observe mourning. , failed to participate in this year's examination. In the seventeenth year of Qianlong's reign in 1752 (29 years old), the imperial court held a special examination in August to celebrate the Empress Dowager's sixtieth birthday. Ji Yun did not participate in the examination. 2007-11 -27 22:51:36 Supplement: In 1754 (age 31), the 19th year of Qianlong’s reign, Ji Yun and others came to the formal examination and got the 22nd place. After the examination, there was the palace examination. After the palace examination, Ji Yun came out. He passed the second-level examination and was awarded the title of Shujishi by the Hanlin Academy. In 1756 (33 years old), in the 21st year of Qianlong's reign, Ji Yun accompanied him to Rehe. In 1758 (35 years old), in the 23rd year of Qianlong's reign, he was appointed editor of Yingwu Palace. . 1759 (36 years old), the twenty-fourth year of Qianlong's reign; he was appointed as the chief editor of the Gongcheng Museum. 1760 (37 years old), the twenty-fifth year of his reign; he was appointed as the chief editor of the National History Museum. General Compiler of the Museum. 2007-11-27 22:52:02 Supplement: In the 27th year of Qianlong's reign in 1762 (39 years old), from the twelfth day of the first lunar month to the fourth day of the fifth lunar month, Ji Yun accompanied him on a tour to the south. In May, he was ordered to inspect Fujian. In 1765 (42 years old), the 30th year of Qianlong's reign, Ji Rongshu went to Fujian to visit his son Ji Yun. After returning to Cuierzhuang, Xian County in August, he fell ill and died soon after. Ji Yun was 79 years old. He went home to mourn for three years. His eldest son Ruji was 22 years old and ranked first in the provincial examination in 1766 (43 years old). In the 31st year of Qianlong's reign, Ji Yun was happy to have his third son Ru. Similar. In 1767 (44 years old), the 32nd year of Qianlong's reign, Ji Yun came to Beijing with his family. In this year, he was appointed as the editor and editor of Santong Pavilion. 2007-11-27 22:53:03 Supplement: 1768. (45 years old) In February of the thirty-third year of Qianlong's reign, he was appointed magistrate of Duyun, Guizhou. In April, he was promoted to a bachelor's degree in the Hanlin Academy, which was equivalent to staying with the emperor. On June 24, Qianlong issued an order to appoint Wang Jihua as the chief examiner of the Jiangnan Rural Examination and Ji Yun as the deputy examiner.

2007-11-27 22:53:42 Supplement: baike.baidu/view/10741