What's in the vacuum?

Question 1: What is in the vacuum? According to the definition of vacuum, there is nothing in a vacuum. This is called a vacuum. Modern physics proves that even the vacuum in the universe is not empty. There are pairs of virtual particles in the universe that appear and disappear in an instant. It is the uncertainty of energy and time

Question 2: What is the meaning of vacuum in the horoscope? 18 ways to change your fortune:

1. Work hard in obscurity. Lucky people focus on action and spend their time on important things rather than boasting and showing off. They are always focused on better job performance.

2. Get along with positive and optimistic people.

3. Inject positive thoughts into your mind every day. Sometimes we may have random negative thoughts that then have a negative impact on our actions. Consciously choosing the right words and actions requires us to consciously choose the right thoughts. For example, when you wake up every morning, say to yourself, "Every day, no matter what aspect you look at, I am getting better and better."

4. Don't think too much, act immediately. Being indecisive about the choice in front of you is a situation that many people often encounter. In fact, the worst decision is not to make a decision. Success comes from good judgment; good judgment comes from experience; experience comes from bad judgment. So, even if you make a bad judgment now, it will eventually lead you to good judgment, as long as you learn the lesson.

5. Have a clear and clear goal. Lucky people have a very clear goal. And no matter what happens, they will always stay focused on their stated goals.

6. Accept imperfection. They don’t say, “Now is not the best time.” But they will say, "Now is the best time." They know that the right time will never come to them automatically, and they will immediately create the best time.

7. Don’t care about other people’s criticism. Those who are lucky are not distracted by the words of naysayers, doubters, or haters. They do not allow negative thoughts to affect their minds. They actively try and improve.

8. Listen to your inner guidance. Lucky people are often motivated by their emotions. Thinking is important, but we often have to rely on our hearts to point us in the right direction. When we face difficult problems, what we think and how we feel often conflict, and lucky people tend to follow the guidance of their hearts rather than their heads.

9. Focus on results, not plans. Plans will change. Unexpected events can derail the best plans. But it turns out not to be. A happy marriage, smart kids, a meaningful job, and a successful career—these are usually our constant goals.

10. Take a lot of action. Lucky people try, even though they may fail. They don't sit still, but often experiment until everything becomes clear.

11. Be willing to communicate with others at any time. Lucky people will warmly welcome and talk to anyone who is willing to listen to their ideas. Often one idea leads to another new idea.

12. Focus on that day every day. By letting go of the past and focusing on the present moment, lucky people focus their energy on the things they can change in this moment. They don't worry about yesterday or tomorrow.

13. Firm belief in overcoming difficulties. Lucky people also encounter setbacks, but they continue to move forward because they firmly believe that as long as they persevere they can get over their failures and achieve the results they want.

14. Believe in yourself. They are not conceited. Lucky people believe that each of us has a strong inner strength, and this resilience can enable us to achieve great things.

15. Full of curiosity. They will ask anyone they know questions about simple things. They desire to understand how things work. They are inquisitive explorers. They welcome new ideas, concepts or perspectives.

16. Be grateful. Lucky people see life as a gift and they do things with gratitude.

17. Admit that you are not very smart. Lucky people learn new things and become smarter by constantly trying. They admit their shortcomings and mistakes and are able to learn from them immediately and move on. They know that happiness and success in life come from continuous learning.

18. Serve others and help others. Lucky people are very generous in helping and serving others, both at work and in their personal lives. They know that by going all out to help others get what they want, their own needs will be met.

Question 3: What are the meanings of vacuum and venting in chemistry? Vacuum in chemistry means that the air pressure in the container reaches the vacuum standard. Generally, a vacuum pump is used to suck the gas in the container, and a pressure gauge is used to measure it. , to achieve the required vacuum reading.

Venting means that there is high-pressure gas in a certain container that needs to be released safely. For example, after a reaction, there is unreacted gas in the autoclave, or in the The gas generated during the reaction needs to be released safely until it reaches atmospheric pressure and replaced with an inert gas.

Question 4: What is a vacuum? A vacuum is a space without air. Looking around, we can see vacuum packaging bags, thermos bottle bladders, light bulbs, etc. They are all products that utilize vacuum.

In fact, there are huge mysteries hidden in the vacuum. In the extremely small microscopic world, many elementary particles can fly out of the empty vacuum. There are countless such elementary particles, and they appear and disappear in a hurry. Vacuum is by no means a "static" space with nothing in it as we imagine. On the contrary, a vacuum is a place where intense activity is taking place, an incredibly strange environment.

To figure out what vacuum is, we have to deal with the two difficult problems of "the nature of matter" and "how the universe evolves." Exploring the nature of vacuum is a cutting-edge topic in modern science. Now, let us embark on a scientific journey to explore the mysterious nature of vacuum!

Is vacuum really "nothing"?

Go to the vacuum environment to test it on the spot...from "low pressure" vacuum to the vacuum that produces elementary particles

Usually, we say that the universe is a vacuum without air. The word vacuum literally means "completely empty", "empty", nothing. However, actual inspection of the space near the space shuttle orbit revealed that there is still thin air there. Even inside the vacuum packaging bag and the inner layer of the thermos bottle, there is nothing. No matter what methods we use, we cannot make the vacuum we call really "without any air". What we call a vacuum is nothing more than "a space in which the air is extremely thin."

So, we need to understand what "thin air" means. We know that air is mainly composed of oxygen molecules and nitrogen molecules, and these molecules are always flying around. For example, air usually at a standard atmospheric pressure contains 1019 molecules per cubic centimeter. In other words, in a space the size of a die, there are countless molecules flying around in it, as many as 10 million times one trillion. The number of molecules in the air is so huge that it is obviously inconvenient to use the number of molecules contained to indicate whether the air is dense or thin. Usually, we use air pressure to express the density of air.

Next, let’s look at what is the air pressure in a closed container. The gas molecules flying around in the container are constantly hitting the container wall, and their tendency is to push the container wall outward. The force generated by a single molecule hitting the wall is naturally insignificant, but the number of molecules hitting the wall at the same time is very huge, and together they are a very large force. This push is the air pressure. The property of air pressure is that when the temperature and volume remain unchanged, the thinner the air in the container, that is to say, the fewer the number of gas molecules in the container, the lower the air pressure. In the natural environment, the higher the altitude, the lower the air pressure. In other words, the higher you go, the closer you get to a "completely empty" vacuum.

This raises a question: How low does the air pressure have to drop before we can say it is a vacuum? According to industry standards, a vacuum is by no means "completely empty", but a "state in which gas below one standard atmospheric pressure fills the space." It can be seen from this that the vacuum mentioned in the industrial field is very different from the "completely empty" vacuum we usually imagine.

Not only that, there is another kind of "vacuum" with a different meaning, that is, the reality of the world of very, very small elementary particles is simply beyond our imagination. We will leave this to the second half of this article for a detailed introduction. Here, we first review the history of human exploration of vacuum.

Question 5: What is the degree of vacuum? Vacuum: Theoretically, the volume does not contain any matter, but in reality there is no real vacuum. Usually the pressure in the container is lower than the normal atmospheric pressure (101325Pa), which is called a vacuum state.

Vacuum degree: refers to the pressure lower than normal atmospheric pressure (101325Pa). What is more authoritative is that the Lanzhou Institute of Physics divides vacuum states below normal atmospheric pressure into five types:

Low vacuum: 100000Pa-100Pa

Medium vacuum: 100Pa-0.1Pa < /p>

High vacuum: 0.1Pa-0.00001Pa

Ultra-high vacuum: 0.00001Pa-0.000000001Pa

Extremely high vacuum: less than 0.000000001Pa

The written writing and measuring meter display method are: for example, 100000Pa is written as 10E 5Pa (reading method: 10 to the 5th power Pa, usually read as 100,000 Pa); 0.01Pa is written as 10E -2Pa (reading method: 10 to the negative 2 power) , usually read as minus 2 pascals of 1.0)

Question 6: What does the Internet term "vacuum" mean with nothing inside?

Question 7: What is a vacuum? Vacuum degree? How many expressions are there? The so-called vacuum refers to the gas state in a given space where the pressure is lower than 101325 Pascals (that is, a standard atmospheric pressure is about 101KPa). Degree of vacuum = atmospheric pressure - absolute pressure

Degree of vacuum, as the name suggests, is the degree of vacuum. It is a main parameter of vacuum equipment such as vacuum pumps, micro vacuum pumps, micro air pumps, micro air pumps, and micro air pumps. The definition of vacuum degree is the absolute gas pressure, and the microscopic determinant of pressure tells us that the pressure depends on the number density of gas molecules and the average speed of thermal motion, which can just reflect the degree of vacuum in the system. The higher the vacuum degree , the lower the absolute pressure. It is usually expressed by "high vacuum degree" and "low vacuum degree". A high vacuum degree means "good" vacuum degree, and a low vacuum degree means "poor" vacuum degree.

There are usually two ways to mark the degree of vacuum:

One is to use "absolute pressure" and "absolute vacuum degree" (that is, how much pressure is higher than the "theoretical vacuum"). ;

In actual situations, the absolute pressure value of the vacuum pump ranges from 0 to 101.325KPa. The absolute pressure value needs to be measured with an absolute pressure instrument. At 20°C and altitude = 0, the initial value of the instrument used to measure vacuum (absolute vacuum gauge) is 101.325KPa (i.e. one standard atmospheric pressure).

The second is to use "relative pressure" and "relative vacuum degree" (that is, how much lower the pressure is than "atmospheric pressure") to identify it.

Relative vacuum refers to the difference between the pressure of the measured object and the atmospheric pressure at the measurement location. Use an ordinary vacuum gauge to measure. In the absence of vacuum (that is, at normal pressure), the initial value of the table is 0. When measuring vacuum, its value is between 0 and -101.325KPa (generally expressed as a negative number).