Structural characteristics of gan building

The layout of the former residence is rigorous and symmetrical, with clear priorities, high in the middle and low on both sides, low in the front and high in the back, step by step, and pushed to a climax step by step. The open room on the main shaft is slightly larger than the bay on both sides, and the entrance of the whole house is located in the middle of the main shaft. All kinds of rooms arranged along the depth axis are arranged in order: one enters the hall, the other enters the sedan chair hall, the third enters the main hall, and the fourth and fifth enters the inner hall. Luo Zheng was the residence and living room of the elders and people who ruled the whole family in feudal families. Luo Zheng axis runs through it, and the treatment of the left and right sides is very different. As far as the frontage is concerned, there is no direct entrance to the main street outside. In order to enter this big family, anyone must go through the front entrance. This layout embodies the concept that feudal families can't set up another door. Because of this, there is no main hall near the street, which ensures that the main etiquette reception activities in the family must be carried out near the street. Buildings with edge drop layout are smaller than vertical drop in width of bay and total number of rooms, and there is a long gap between vertical drop and edge drop. Generally speaking, the plane and vertical drop of each entrance in the edge drop are not exactly the same. The central axis of the edge is not completely connected, and the halls can only enter after preparation and patio. Emphasizing the prominent position of the central axis in the layout of the mansion is a reflection of the lifestyle and ideology of feudal society.

The traditional local materials and climatic conditions make the residential buildings have a relatively unified tone, that is, the main colors of gray, white and brown, which are composed of small blue tiles, white walls and brown red lights. This main tone and the green trees in the south of the Yangtze River constitute an elegant, quiet, peaceful and peaceful tone. Due to the uniform color and changeable structure, the residential modeling is both consistent and flexible.

The layout of Ganxi's former residence is arranged in strict accordance with the patriarchal clan system in feudal society, paying attention to the children and grandchildren, and several generations live under one roof. These consciousness are reflected in the huge scale of the mansion and the strict hierarchy, and the location, decoration, area and shape of all kinds of houses have roughly uniform hierarchical regulations. Gan studied epigraphy and was good at geomantic surveying and astrology. Its former residence faces south. First, because the Gan family came from Danyang to make a fortune in business, and the "house painting technique" in Lun Heng Shu: the door of a businessman should not face south, because business is gold, the south is fire, the fire is flourishing, and the north is water, and gold and water are born together. It can be seen that the "paradox" of the orientation of Ganjia residence was originally based on Feng Shui. In addition, in Hundred Family Surnames, the surname of Gan is followed by "Bohai", which is the source of the surname of Gan.

After Gannan moved, he hung a couplet of "the moon in the lake, the home sounds like the Bohai Sea" at home, and sat in the south-facing building to remember his ancestors and not forget them. There are as many as 35 large and small patios in the former residence, and it is said that there are 32 wells and inspection wells. More than 0/0 wells/kloc-were found, some in patios, some in rooms, some under eaves and some on doorsill, which solved the problems of ventilation, lighting, water supply and drainage of houses well. The sink under the roof eaves allows rainwater to flow from the culvert to the courtyard patio, which plays the role of "four waters belong to the Ming hall"