What was the surname of Qin Shihuang?

Qin Shihuang’s surname is Ying, Zhao.

Qin Shihuang’s surname is Ying, Zhao, and his name is Zheng. In the pre-Qin period, surname and surname were two completely different concepts, representing the blood lineage of the family, while surname represented status. For example, if the same surname is Ying, some branches have noble blood and high status, while other branches have lower status, so they are distinguished by surname. Later, as time went by, the surnames were unified and there was no such complicated division. For example, the three families of Lu State, namely the Huan family, the Mengsun family, the Shusun family, and the Jisun family, all have the surname Ji.