Why does Qin Shihuang’s mausoleum face the east? Please help me

The Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang is located 5 kilometers east of Linchang County and about 37 kilometers away from Xi'an City. It leans on Li Mountain to the south and Weishui River to the north. Why is the location chosen here? Some people believe that this is inseparable from the ancients’ superstitious geomantic omen. In recent years, geologists have seen based on satellite pictures that the route from Jiaoshan to Huashan looks like a dragon, and the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang is located exactly at the eye of the dragon's head. As we all know, there has been the saying of "putting the finishing touch" since ancient times. It was not clear for a while whether the ancients had the ability to "forsight" or whether today's people are too attached to others. The Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang is approximately square, with a flat top and a slightly stepped waist. It is 76 meters high, 345 meters long from east to west, and 350 meters wide from north to south. It covers an area of ​​120,750 square meters. According to preliminary inspection, the cemetery is divided into two parts: the inner city and the outer city. The inner city is square in shape with a circumference of about 3,000 meters. There are two gates on the north wall and one gate on each of the east, west and south walls. The outer city is rectangular in shape, with a circumference of more than 6,200 meters, and a gate at each corner. There are horse burial pits, pits for rare birds and animals, and pottery barrel pits between the inner and outer cities; outside the mausoleum, there are more than 400 stable pits, human sacrifice pits, prison pits, and tombs for people who repaired the mausoleum, covering a wide area of ​​56.25 square kilometers. . The center of the mausoleum is where the coffin of Qin Shi Huang is placed. Since 1974, three toilet pits for burials of soldiers have been discovered 1.5 kilometers east of the cemetery. The finished products are arranged in a zigzag shape, covering an area of ​​more than 20,000 square meters. 8,000 pottery barrels, hundreds of chariots and tens of thousands of physical objects have been unearthed. Weapons and other cultural relics. Among them, Pit No. 1 contains about 6,000 pottery horses and pottery horses that are as big as real horses; Pit No. 2 contains more than 1,300 pottery buckets and horses, and 89 chariots; Pit No. 3 contains 68 warrior barrels and war chariots. 1 cart and 4 pottery horses. In 1980, a large bronze chariot and two horses were unearthed on the west side of the cemetery. This group of painted bronze chariots and horses, high chariots and an chariots, is the largest, most gorgeously decorated, most realistic and most complete ancient bronze chariots and horses found in China so far, and is known as the "Crown of Bronze". In addition to the burial pits, the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang also found the remains of a stone processing plant. The architectural relics include door anvils, column bases, tiles, ridges, tiles, stone waterways, pottery waterways, etc. The scale of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum is obvious, but is there a blueprint for the design of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum? According to historical records, "He sent Shui Xiangsi to convict 720,000 people from all over the world to build the mausoleum, and carved out the regulations." Judging from the scale of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum, The construction is by no means random, it must be constructed in a planned manner according to the design drawings. Looking at the history of the construction of imperial tombs in the past dynasties, it is not difficult to imagine the connection. The specific design blueprint is still under further study. Who presided over the construction of the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum? It is speculated that the Shaofu is in charge of the construction, and the national mausoleum should be managed by him. Of course, the highest management superior is still the truth, but the truth is that the truth is handled by the young man. However, there is another problem here, that is, the Shaofu official was named after the unification of the Qin Dynasty. Whether there was such an official position before the unification cannot be verified, but whether there was or not, there must be an organization that was responsible for the civil construction projects of the palace. As for the name of this organization, it remains to be further verified. How deep is the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang? "Historical Records: The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang" says that it "penetrates three springs". The description of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum in "Old Books of the Han Dynasty" includes the words "It's extremely deep" and "It's extremely deep and inhumane". Some people believe that the Qinling Underground Palace is neither shallow nor deep, and the "three springs" mentioned in the book are nothing more than the "under the nine springs" that people often mention. According to the "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" record: "If it is shallow, the fox will spread it, and if it is deep, it will reach the spring water." That is, the deepest water will reach the spring water. In ancient times, due to technical limitations, it was not easy to construct under spring water. Moreover, if the underground palace was located below the groundwater table, long-term seepage of groundwater would definitely cause the underground palace to suffer "leaking" damage. The designers of Qin Shihuang and his mausoleum could not help but Take this into account. Of course, these are just speculations, and the specific situation is unknown. What is the structure of the underground tomb of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum? Judging from the excavated remains of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum, it seems that Qin Shi Huang wanted to bring his palaces, mountains, rivers and other things to the underground world. To achieve this, it is difficult to achieve this without building a vast tomb. . According to the "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin": "After the major event was completed, it was hidden. Zhongxian was closed, and the outer Xian gate was lowered. All the craftsmen were hidden, and no one came back." Here, both the Zhongxian gate and the outer Xian gate are mentioned, presumably There must be a Neixian Gate.

The No. 1 Soldier's toilet formation with chariots and infantry alternately arranged is the right army; the No. 2 Soldier's toilet pit, which is mainly composed of chariots and cavalry, is the left army; the unbuilt abandoned pit is regarded as the No. 4 pit, which is the proposed pit. Central Army; No. 3 Soldier Toilet Pit is the shogunate that commands the right, left, and center armies. The pit itself symbolizes the barrier for stationing troops. The three armies' defense of the capital was a reflection of Qin Shihuang's attempt to strengthen centralization and maintain unification. One view is that there is no issue of Pit No. 4, and that the Qin Terracotta Warriors’ military formation is composed of regular and strange troops and headquarters, thus denying the theory of three armies. One view is that the soldiers' toilet array in Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum is an unfinished project. When completed, there should be 50,000 soldiers' toilet pits. This huge military formation is equipped with troops in front, back, left, right and center. It is actually the most basic square formation among the eight formations practiced by "Chengzhi" in the Qin Dynasty. One of the characteristics of the phalanx formation is that it is "thin in the center but thick in the square". The central army has fewer and fewer troops, and the four outer teams that contact the enemy have more troops. The Qin Terracotta Army's military formation deployed its troops according to the square formation method of "thin in the middle and thick in the square". One view is that the three pits of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses do not symbolize the left, center and right armies, but reflect the three components of the Central Army of the Qin Dynasty. Pit No. 3 is by no means what people usually call a headquarters. It should symbolize the palace guards Lang Wei under the command of Lang Zhongling; Pit No. 1 reflects the palace guards under the command of the guards, or the Southern Army; Pit No. 2 reflects the The garrison troops in the capital commanded by the lieutenant can be called the Northern Army. As for Pit No. 3, some people think that it is the military community, which is used for military sacrifices. It is the place where the community owner and the relocated owner who are the objects of ancestor worship in the military, and where the two ancestors of the community are placed. Regarding Pit No. 2, some people proposed that it was a four-beast formation, that is, the crooked soldier formation was the Zhuniao formation, the mixed formation of chariots, infantry, and cavalry was the Xuanwu formation, the formation composed of cavalry chariots was the Qinglong formation, and the chariot formation was the White Tiger formation. Some scholars believe that the terracotta warriors and horses military formation is the "permanent formation" mentioned in "Wei Suzi". Some scholars believe that the terracotta warriors and horses are the group of warriors who were buried for the First Emperor. The exact purpose of building the Terracotta Warriors and Horses array cannot be confirmed for the time being. Qin Shihuang, a great man of his generation, has many mysteries hidden in his tomb.