What types of Fujian earth buildings are there? Fujian Tulou Tourism Transportation Guide
In order to resist foreign enemies, the ancient Hakka people invented earth buildings based on Bagua Feng Shui. After the population migrated to what is now Fujian, what do the earth buildings we see now look like? Earth buildings reflect typical social life, but in our current city, you don’t know who lives across the street. If you are lucky, we will visit Fujian Tulou together.
About Fujian Earth Buildings
Fujian Earth Buildings are also called "Hakka Earth Buildings" because most of them were built by the Hakka people in Fujian. Lou was born in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and matured in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Using earth, wood, stone and bamboo as the main building materials, a certain proportion of sandy clay and sticky sand are mixed into the unfired earth, and houses with more than two floors are tamped with sandwich panels.
Fujian Earth Buildings include Gaobei Earth Building Group, Hongkeng Earth Building Group, Chuxi Earth Building Group, Xiangyan Earth Building and Zhenmi Earth Building in Yongding County, Fujian Province, and Tianluokeng Earth Building Group and Hekeng Earth Building Group in Nanjing County. Tulou Group, Guilou Group, Huaiyuan Tulou Group, and Dida Tulou Group in Hua'an County. Among them, the second and first floor of Dida Village, Xiandu Town, Hua'an County is an outstanding representative of the ancient round stone houses in China. It is known as the "King of Earth Buildings" and "Treasure of the Country". It is famous for its large scale, scientific design, reasonable layout and well-preserved state. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit.
Fujian earth buildings, as an architectural form that Fujian Hakkas are proud of, are the treasures of Fujian folk houses. At the same time, human factors are added, which can be called the epitome of the combination of "heaven, earth and man". Dozens of families and hundreds of people went to the first floor together, reflecting the Hakka family tradition of living in groups and living in harmony. Therefore, a history of earth buildings is a history of rural families. Lou's descendants can often talk about the family's origins without a genealogy.
On July 6, 2008, it was officially included in the World Heritage List at the 32nd World Heritage Conference held in Quebec City, Canada.
What are the main types of earth buildings?
Sq. Fonts and other shapes. From the outside, the square building is surrounded by high walls, with its four corners neatly closed, and its defensive function is very prominent.
Among the square earth buildings, those with single rings and three to four floors are the most common, and a few are as high as five to six floors. The ground floor is used as a kitchen, dining room or living room, the second floor is used as a granary or bedroom, and the third floor and above is used as a bedroom. Large square buildings generally have four square wooden stairs, placed at the four corners; medium-sized square buildings generally have two square wooden stairs, installed on the left and right sides of the door; small square buildings usually next to the foyer There is a wooden staircase.
There are public facilities such as grain, rice, stone mills, and water wells. In large square buildings, there are also private schools, simple stages, etc. The rooms of the residents in the building are usually distributed from the first floor to the top floor; some are staggered, commonly known as "plum blossoms".
Among the existing square buildings, the oldest is Fuxin Building in Leihuxiazhai, which has a history of about 700 years. The famous square building is a classic building of Gaobei. It is a standard square building with a side length of 38 meters. The He Jiong Building on Meilin Mountain is the tallest square earth building in Fujian. It was built on swamp land for more than 200 years and is still stable.
Round Earth Building
Round Earth Building is referred to as "Round Building", and the locals in Yongding call it "Wailou" or "Round Village". The unique feature of circular buildings is that the main buildings such as gates and ancestral halls are on the central axis, and the buildings on both sides are symmetrical, the same as other types of earth buildings. According to the number of rings, it can be divided into single ring and multi-ring.
Round buildings generally have only two or three floors, with a maximum of five floors, and a patio in the middle. Some are small and exquisite, such as Pengkeng Rongchang Building, ancient bamboo, 20 meters in diameter, 12 bays, 2 floors, only one house can live there. This pocket-sized round building can be called a round house.
There are also larger ones, such as the Fusheng Building in Yantai, Chendong, with 4 floors.
The official earth building is also called "Wufeng Building" and "Three Houses", generally composed of "Three Halls" Composed of "two falls".
The entire building has an obvious central axis, some are completely symmetrical, and some are asymmetrical. The front hall (commonly known as the lower hall or foyer), the middle hall (commonly known as the middle hall), and the back hall (commonly known as the main building) on the central axis are called the "three halls". The first two halls are on floors 1-2, and the back hall is on floors 2-5. There is a row of horizontal rooms separated by patios between the front hall, the middle hall, and the middle hall and the back hall, collectively called the "Two Waterfalls". The entire building has distinct levels, is majestic and majestic.
Direct transportation
Tourists in Fuzhou can take buses from the south or north of Fuzhou to Longyan and Zhangzhou. After arriving at Longyan Bus Station, they can then transfer to the tourist express train from Longyan to Yongding Tulou. . This takes more than a day.
Tourists from Xiamen can take buses to major attractions from Xiamen Hubin South Road to Fujian Tulou.
Charter a bus/train/long-distance bus
If you find it inconvenient to rent a bus, you can also charter a bus. No one else is fighting, it’s all our own; we have the freedom to leave when we want and stop when we want; when a few friends go out to play, it is wisest to choose a chartered car.
With a group
If you are worried about just having fun, of course it is recommended to travel with a group, so that you can devote more energy to enjoying the scenery of Tulou.