Jian Mo's "Blood Butterfly"

1

This is a nation with the surname Shui.

Like many ethnic groups in China, he is called Shuijia, as if a nation is a large or small family. Water is his name, his symbol, and his rhetoric. .

I was born among them and grew up until I was fourteen. I was used to seeing their clothes, but I could not understand their water dialect and could not learn their water songs. I was so close to them, meeting them again and again on the road and in the field, watching outdoor movies side by side, and sitting in the same classroom day and night. We breathe the same air, bask in the same sun, and see the same starry sky above our heads, but I can't enter their hometown scattered in the folds of the mountains, their secretly blooming hearts like flowers...

2

What I want to tell is the story of a Shui family man.

He wears a blue "Shuijia cloth" gown with a wide collar and wide sleeves, a long green cloth headband, and green cloth shoes covered with ingots; he speaks Shui dialect, writes Shui calligraphy, and sings The never-ending water song. On the first day of the new year, he and many men and women of the same age climbed to the top of the spacious and flat Mao Slope. Amidst the shouting and laughter everywhere, he found the girl he was singing to, and sat on the ground on the green grass, holding open the oilcloth flowers. They covered their faces with umbrellas and began to sing. They sang along with the composition on the spot. Their beautiful and affectionate singing climbed to the top of a hundred thousand high mountains and surrounded a hundred thousand lingering white clouds. They sang open each other's hearts and also brought others to their hearts' content. The men and women competed, and only their songs bloomed and lingered on the quiet hillside like Bingtilian. They got married and gave birth to children. He taught and she weaved. Although their lives were poor, the family lived together lively, and there was never a shortage of laughter and singing in the hut. His ideal was to be a teacher like Meng Danchu and Gao Huang. In the remote and isolated Libo County of Guizhou, they both guided him through words and deeds as a person and as a scholar.

The above are all reasonable imaginations I made based on the life customs of the Shui tribe. Also, if he had not been born in the suffering, turbulent and stormy old China, he would have become an outstanding scholar. Or a great teacher.

In fact, I searched the corners of the years and only found him wearing a gray-white coat, two thick black eyebrows, a pair of firm and resolute eyes, and his black hair standing upright like a halberd. I have a photo of him and his classmates at Shandong Provincial No. 1 Middle School. He is standing in the front row with this kind of attire and expression. The difference is that others are standing in silence with their hands down or folding their hands. Only he will He folded his arms across his chest and looked straight ahead with bright eyes, looking unruly. He eventually became a professional revolutionary and died without a wife or children. After his death, his uncle bought a coffin and buried him in Yidi, Guizhou, under Qianfo Mountain in Jinan.

He is Deng Enming, one of the founders of the Communist Party of China, an outstanding leader of the early *** labor movement, and the founder of the *** Shandong Party organization. Among the 12 representatives of the Communist Party of China’s “First Class”, he is the only one from the remote mountainous area in the west, the only ethnic minority, and the only middle school student representative.

Three

I have visited Shuipu Village, the birthplace of Deng Enming. The car left Libo County and drove all the way to the northeast, passing through the vast mountains. After about 40 miles, Shuipu Village, where the Shui people live, was right in front of us. The village faces a wide farmland, backed by lush green karst mountains, and is dotted with dark-looking stacks of straw. The ancestral home of the Deng family has endured more than a hundred years of ups and downs and is still there today, but it looks dilapidated and vicissitudes of life. This is a two-story residential house with a wooden structure and a railing style, with a green tile roof and a cantilevered hill on two slopes. The people live upstairs, and the livestock sheds and debris storage area are downstairs. In January 1901, Deng Enming was born here. When he was four years old, he moved to the county town with his parents who went to the city to make a living.

In August 1917, the thin and precocious Deng Enming carried his luggage on his shoulders and embarked on a long journey with his aunt to Jinan to join his uncle to continue his studies. Before leaving, facing his farewell relatives and friends, he recited a poem to express his ambition:

You asked about the date of return but there is no timetable,

I look back to my hometown very much.

The sound of spring thunder shakes the heaven and the earth,

It is the time to return when good news comes frequently.

The big banyan tree in front of the door had witnessed Deng Enming’s growth. He and his friends played hide and seek around it. When they got tired, they would sit on its roots with exposed veins and talk and laugh. Now it stretched out its thick and lush arms, waving and watching him leave Libo in tears, and walked up to Liming Pass, passing through Huanjiang, Yishan, Liuzhou to Wuzhou, and then took a boat through Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Shanghai, traveling by land and water. After many months, we finally arrived in Jinan.

However, the wanderer never returns, until he dies in a foreign land and buries his bones in the green mountains. For more than eighty years, the big banyan tree has become even older and more vigorous, but it is still full of roots and hanging branches and leaves. It is so green that it blocks the sky and the sun and hides half of the bluestone road. His last silhouette is still clearly printed in its bright and clear pupils, and the leaves on the tree are calling his nickname "Lao Guai Go Home" in the wind, just like the villagers are summoning his soul, calling for the heroic soul to return, as the people of the Shui Tribe. His own way, but he didn't turn around...

There is water in Libo called Zhangjiang River, which flows southward into the sea.

He is also a river. Like his nation named Shui, he is firmly attracted by the truth and walks through the rugged mountain roads, breaks away from the mountains and rushes to the east without hesitation - the place where the sun rises, a legend that leads from the mountains to the sea. The prologue...

Four

In 1918, Deng Enming was admitted to Shandong Provincial No. 1 Middle School, where he began his revolutionary career. After the May Fourth Movement broke out, he actively responded to the Beijing student patriotic movement and organized students to participate in strikes and boycott Japanese goods. In the autumn of 1920, Deng Enming and his close comrade-in-arms Wang Jinmei initiated the establishment of the Marxist Theory Research Society in Jinan. In the spring of the following year, it developed into the Jinan Communist Party Group, founded the early organization of the Communist Party of China in Jinan and even Shandong, and became one of six domestic groups at the same time. *** One of the early organizations.

In mid-May 1921, Jinan had entered summer. A small boat seemed to be drifting aimlessly in Daming Lake. Seven or eight people were sitting on the boat, with Deng Enming and Wang Jinmei in the middle. They were surrounded by Jinan *** Lively exchanges and discussions are taking place about the early establishment of the organization. The weather is hot and dry, there is no wind, the weeping willows on the shore are listless, and new lotus trees are emerging, just like these young people in their prime. There was a faint thunder in their chests, a big storm was coming, and a new era was about to give birth.

History is such an amazing coincidence. Just over two months later, it was also a cruise ship, but the location was changed to Nanhu Lake in Jiaxing. Deng Enming and Wang Jinmei boarded the red ship on behalf of the Jinan Communist Group, and participated in and witnessed the solemn event of an unprecedented event. At that time, Mao Zedong became one of the founders of a great political party.

*** When the "First Congress" was held, Deng Enming, a student, was on summer vacation. After receiving the letter, he rushed from Qingdao to Shanghai quickly and was one of the early representatives to arrive at the meeting. Representatives from other places also arrived one after another. They wore a variety of clothes and spoke various accents. They abandoned abolitionism and utopian socialism, and with their longing for Marxism, prepared to build a national *** organization. While waiting for the meeting to begin, Deng Enming took the time to read relevant materials about the conference and various progressive books and periodicals brought by the delegates. He visited the delegates one by one and talked with them about their understanding of Marxism. He was open-minded, studious, cheerful and lively, and was deeply loved by the delegates. Everyone remembered this young man who spoke with a strong Guizhou accent. In his speech at the conference, his calm and energetic spirit showed the lofty ambitions and firm ideals of an aspiring young man. He said excitedly: "My motherland must be prosperous and strong. There is no reason not to be prosperous and strong!" Fifteen years later, Chen Tanqiu, who was also a representative of the "Big One", wrote an article and recalled: "Wang Jinmei and Deng Enming, representatives of Jinan, Shandong, were very lively young people at that time."

July 31, 1921 , the "First Congress" discussed and adopted the first program and the first resolution of the Communist Party of China on a cruise ship in Nanhu, Jiaxing, and elected the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China. At around 6 pm that day, the conference concluded successfully. The wind picked up, and the cruise ship swayed slightly and continued to ride the wind and waves. Deng Enming stood quietly on the bow of the boat, with the wind blowing up the hem of his gown. He stared into the dim distance, where there was a fishing lantern that was the brightest and most dazzling. His heart was surging and he could not calm down for a long time, and he chanted casually. :

Reading helps the world and hearing the chicken dance,

The revolutionary determination is bold and bold.

Sacrifice for the country is a blessing,

Life is too long in the mountain oak tree.

May

In January 1922, Deng Enming, as one of the representatives of the Communist Party, went to Moscow to attend the first meeting of the Communist International Far Eastern Countries’ Communist Party and National Revolutionary Groups Congress, participated in the "Saturday voluntary labor" advocated by Lenin. At that time, Soviet Russia implemented daily bread distribution standards, including: 2 pounds for Red Army soldiers, 1.5 pounds for workers, 1 pound for agency personnel, and 3/4 pounds for Communist Party members. This left an unforgettable impression on him. He saw from it Communist Party members should play an exemplary role and always demand themselves in this way.

In June of that year, Deng Enming returned to Shandong from Soviet Russia and devoted himself fully to the Shandong workers' movement. After his uncle discovered that he had participated in the revolutionary movement, he was shocked and frightened. He tried his best to obstruct him and repeatedly persuaded him to keep to himself and seek fame. His parents also hoped that he would "return from his lost ways" and got him engaged in his hometown. They wrote letters urging him to go home and get married, in an attempt to prevent him from continuing to join the revolution. He knew his parents' intentions well and wrote to his father: "My son is different from other people in nature. What he hates most is fame and fortune, so he has failed his parents' expectations. But since his ambition is like this, there is nothing he can do about it. Marry again." The idea of ​​not being able to go back to consummate the marriage has been communicated directly to the Wang family. My son’s opinion has been established and will never be changed. Therefore, he will not ask whether he agrees or not, and everyone can do what they want..."

In 1925, Libo County suffered an incident Due to drought and soaring rice prices, relatives are suffering from unprecedented hunger. The sixth brother wrote a letter hoping that his eldest brother Deng Enming would send money home to help the family survive the famine. It was not difficult for Deng Enming, who was already the secretary of the *** Shandong Local Executive Committee, to borrow some activity funds from the organization and send them home. However, he resolutely wrote back and rejected his brother's request: "When I returned to Qingzhou from Jinan, I knew that my hometown was expensive. .

But I didn’t remit any money back, and it was really a sin to make the old and young suffer a little bit of poverty... So I wandered away for two years and could only earn my own food and clothing, unable to take care of my family. This was really a last resort. It wasn’t because I didn’t have a family. . "This is a *** man's dilemma. On one side is the party's cause and ideals and beliefs, on the other is his loving parents and brothers who are hungry. His heart is wrenched and his heart is broken, and he resolutely chooses the former. His parents will not be able to survive until death. What they understand is that as the eldest son, Deng Enming has been living alone for many years. Not only does he not have any money to send home, he often borrows money from his uncle or pawns clothes to subsidize party activities. How did they know that their son has been without money for a long time. Working for the party without salary, he had already devoted his whole body and soul to the cause of communism.

In April 1927, Wang Fuyuan, who was then an important official in the Shandong Party organization, attended the Communist Party of China! After the "Fifth National Congress", he took 1,000 yuan of activity funds entrusted by the central government to the Shandong Party organization for himself, but lied that the huge sum of money was stolen on the way. He then followed the same pattern and embezzled public funds many times as early as 1926. In August 2008, the enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Notice on Resolutely Purging Corrupt Elements", which was the first document in the history of the party to punish corruption. After Deng Enming discovered Wang Fuyuan's corruption, he based it on this. The notice resolutely expelled him from the party. Afterwards, Wang Fuyuan was filled with resentment and turned to the Kuomintang. He betrayed the provincial party committee and led the enemy to secretly arrest Deng Enming and other 17 comrades.

Six

*** After the "Second National Congress", the Party Central Committee determined that "the focus of the Shandong Party's work is to strengthen the workers' movement." At the end of 1922, Deng Enming came to Qingdao to establish the party organization. Liu Renjing’s letter said: “It is like a poor man struggling alone. "Until March 1924, Qingdao "I was still running in all aspects alone..." He also wrote: "Qingdao is like a piece of clean fertile soil, and can be planted anywhere, so I made a planting plan after arriving. "Hardness and danger go hand in hand, but a true revolutionary never lacks optimism and romance. He is like a poet, planting lines of poetry like flowers on Qingdao's "clean soil". He is wearing a dark gray cotton coat He wore a robe and used his identity as a primary school teacher as a cover to the outside world. When he went deep into the factory floor, he wore coarse shorts and a short coat. His honest and simple appearance made him look like an authentic worker. On February 8, 1925, he He organized and led a general strike by Jiaoji Railway workers and established the Jiaoji Railway Federation. The workers brought sleepers and rails to block the railway line. The driver turned off the fire and put out the furnace. All sections and stations were stopped. The entire Jiaoji Railway was paralyzed. The factory workers went on strike in support. The strike lasted for nine days, forcing the railway bureau and the machine factory to agree to conditions for resuming work, including increased wages. In "A Brief History of the Chinese Workers' Movement" written by Deng Zhongxia in 1930, he criticized the Jiaoji Railway. The strike was highly praised: “There is a new force that did not exist during the February 7th Movement, which is the sudden rise of the Jiaoji Railway Union. After the great blow to the Chinese working class, this association was able to organize a trade union. Its membership has grown to more than 1,500 people. It cannot be regarded as commendable! "

In April 1925, Deng Enming once again organized and led a general strike by Qingdao cotton mill workers. The number of striking workers reached 18,000, forming the first strike *** in Qingdao's history and becoming the "May 30th Movement" "The forerunner of ". He also led the Qingdao city-wide workers' strike, organized and established the Qingdao Federation of All walks of life and the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions. In November 1925, the *** Shandong Local Executive Committee was destroyed, and Deng Enming was arrested and imprisoned. He was brutally tortured. Later, he suffered from tuberculosis and was in critical condition. After various rescue efforts by the party organization and relatives, he was released on medical parole in the spring of 1926. His uncle asked him to "not participate in political affairs and only take care of his health." "But as soon as he could walk around, he went to work in schools and factories, and then secretly returned to Qingdao to quickly restore the destroyed party organization. After attending the "Five National Congress" of the Communist Party of China and returning to Shandong, Deng Enming took office as the executive of *** Shandong Province. Secretary of the Committee.

In January 1929, Deng Enming was betrayed by the traitor Wang Fuyuan and was arrested again in Jinan. In order to improve his treatment and allow him to read books, he led the prisoners in two hunger strikes. Victory. He organized and led two prison escape struggles. The first time was on the evening of April 19, 1929. Deng Enming and others mobilized Communist Party members to unite with a group of Zhili Allied Army officers to overthrow the guards while going to the toilet. After more than a dozen shots, he rushed out of the prison and was immediately captured by the chasing soldiers and thrown back into prison. Only *** member Yang Yichen escaped; the second time was after dinner on July 21, at the reception of the underground party. Next, Deng Enming formed three teams in advance according to the physical strength of the prisoners, and used saw blades secretly obtained from relatives visiting the prison to open everyone's shackles. At this time, most of the guards had gone home, and the vigilance was relaxed. He personally commanded the first team. The team suddenly knocked down the guard who opened the door, and the other guards hurriedly grabbed their guns. Everyone threw the lime powder they had prepared, and picked up sticks to beat them. The three teams surrendered their guns while the guards were running around with their heads covered and their eyes covered. They rushed out of the prison and ran into the street. Deng Enming, who was seriously ill and looked haggard, was also carried out by a strong prisoner. After hearing the news, the Jinan authorities immediately mobilized troops and joined forces with the police to hunt down Deng Enming and some others because they had been severely tortured. , weak and wearing prison uniform, he was caught back before he could run far and was thrown into death row.

This time, six people successfully escaped from prison, which shocked the local Kuomintang authorities. Since then, the prison has strengthened its guards, and there is no hope of escape.

April 5, 1931, was the third Qingming Festival that Deng Enming spent in prison. At dawn, after being tortured repeatedly, he dragged his seriously ill body, calmly dressed up, said goodbye to his fellow prisoners one by one, sang "The Internationale" together with 22 other Communists, and walked calmly to the Weiba Road execution ground... …

Before his death, he endured the pain and wrote the last letter home to his mother. In a poem, he bid farewell to his loving mother whom he had not seen for more than ten years but always met in his dreams, expressing his feelings towards the world. * Firm belief in communism:

Thirty-one years have passed by in a blink of an eye,

What will happen if the ambition remains unfulfilled?

Even if I die first,

The successors will comfort Jiuquan frequently.

Seven

In my opinion, each of the 12 representatives who participated in the *** "Big One" is a river.

Since it is a river, it has length, width, depth, flow rate, direction, etc. The most important of these is naturally the direction. 12 people, 12 rivers, 12 life trajectories, 12 surprisingly similar or completely different destinies.

Some have been adhering to their ideals and beliefs to cleanse the old world and create a new China, such as Mao Zedong and Dong Biwu; some have had their lives suddenly cut off in the roaring rush, but their spirits are still evolving on the earth. He Shuheng, Chen Tanqiu, Wang Jinmei, and Deng Enming kept singing for the staff; some fell into caves due to crustal movements and became undercurrents but never changed their direction, such as Li Da and Li Hanjun; some once lost their way and were thrown out of the river bed and searched all the way. Some came back, such as Liu Renjing; some even succumbed to the cold winter and stagnated due to freezing and eventually the river bed dried up completely, such as Chen Gongbo, Zhou Fohai, and Zhang Guotao.

As a river coming from deep in the mountains, joining the Party’s “First Congress” was the most glorious red mark in Deng Enming’s revolutionary career, and the source of this river can be traced back to 1920, when he began to study Marx. Doctrine, who died heroically in 1931, only had 11 short years, which was exactly the childhood of a child, but he did live a spectacular and rich life in these 11 years. In the long night, he was like a match, violently hitting the darkness with his head in an instant, passing through the sky, blooming and bursting out all the brilliance and heat.

The fluttering butterfly is a flying flower and a national totem passed down from generation to generation by the Shui people. In the sacred aura of totem worship, the little butterfly contains profound and vivid spiritual power, that is, the sacrificial spirit of giving up life and saving others from fire and water. Deng Enming certainly carried this "butterfly spirit" in his body. He flew along the fast and clear Zhangjiang River in his hometown, out of the mountains and across the sea, and finally turned his passion into bloody butterflies all over the sky.

The process of reliving a river is to discover how a butterfly attains nirvana and turns into a butterfly again.