What benefits can I enjoy when I immigrate to Spain?
The current situation of Spanish immigrants
Trends and Distribution of Immigrants in China
Between 20 10 and 20 18, the number of people in China increased by 3 1%. Among them, Catalonia and Madrid have become the main gathering places for Chinese. During the same period, the number of China people in Madrid increased by 33%. As far as Madrid is concerned, Madrid has become the first choice for Chinese, and there are also a certain number of Chinese in Parla, Getafe, Alcala de Henares and Fuenlabrada.
In terms of gender distribution, the proportion of male and female immigrants in China is relatively balanced.
The emergency crisis has little impact on immigrants.
According to Madrid's social security data, most migrant workers come from Romania and China. However, in the case of individual bosses, Chinese people have outstanding performance, and the total social security accounts for a quarter of the immigrant bosses in Madrid.
Among all overseas Chinese, 36.6% Chinese have lived in Spain since 2007 to 20 1 1. In addition, during 20 12 to 20 18, a considerable number of China people came to live in Spain. This also shows that the upsurge of China people traveling to the west has not been greatly affected by the economic crisis, which is obviously different from immigrants from other countries.
Second unemployment benefit
As far as work is concerned, China people are outstanding. According to the statistics of immigrants in 20 18 area, only 7.42% Chinese are unemployed, and 72. 16% Chinese have their own jobs. Pablo said that the survey results fully show that immigrants from China have made certain contributions to Madrid's economy, and immigrants from China have the virtue of hard work.
Besides, Pablo said that China people can receive unemployment benefits after they lose their jobs. However, if you still can't find a job after receiving unemployment benefits, you can apply for another kind of subsidy, namely Renta Minima Garantizada. The amount of subsidy is generally between 400 euros and 700 euros. Pablo revealed that so far, few China people have applied for this subsidy, which may be because China people can find new jobs soon after they lose their jobs, but it may also be because they don't know this information.
Education, housing, medical care and accommodation in China.
According to statistics, 9.05% of the immigrants from China have received a college education.
At present, most Chinese live in rented houses, and Chinese who own real estate account for 12.3% of the total number of Chinese immigrants in Madrid. Most people in China have no domestic economic burden, and only 16.94% need to send money to their families in China.
In terms of public medical services, most people in China have medical insurance cards, but 36.6% people in China indicated in the questionnaire that there is no demand for public medical services.
Introduction to the life of Spanish immigrants
weather
The climate in Spain can be divided into three main types: the Mediterranean climate in the south, the continental climate in the middle and the Atlantic climate in the northwest. Most cities in Spain have an average of 300 sunny days every year. The weather in southern cities, especially coastal cities, is sunny almost every day, but the climate is not dry. Even if you go out at noon on a hot day, there will be a cool breeze. Even if it rains, it won't rain all day.
Besides the weather, it is worth mentioning the sunny beaches in Spain. Sunshine Coast is located on the Mediterranean coast in southern Spain, with a total length of more than 200 kilometers. It is known as one of the six perfect beaches in the world and one of the four major tourist areas in Spain. Nearly a hundred small and medium-sized towns are connected along the coast, and many coastal villages that used to be sparsely populated have now become modern tourist spots. It is one of the most popular tourist resorts in Europe.
sensitive
When it comes to food, I really can't stop. Spain's representative food is Spanish ham (Jamón), with attractive yellow appearance and delicate deep red texture inside. When you use it, cut a thin slice with a special long knife, which tastes sweet and attractive. Delicate oil melts on the tip of the tongue like snowflakes, which is unforgettable. Usually, during Christmas, the Spanish will take a whole ham home and enjoy it slowly during the festival.
If you travel to Valencia, you must not miss the famous local paella, which sells well. Huang Chengcheng's rice comes from the precious spice saffron. There are countless shrimps, crabs, black clams, clams, oysters and squid in the rice, which are steaming and mouth-watering.
travel
In terms of tourism, Spain ranks third in the world in terms of the number of tourists received each year and second in terms of tourism revenue. Spain has a temperate maritime climate with four distinct seasons, neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. Spain has many rivers, which are evenly distributed and have beautiful natural scenery. It is a powerful tourism country in the world, and its tourism income ranks first in the world. Four major tourist areas: tropical scenery-Canary Islands; Sunshine Coast-Mediterranean Beach; Bath-Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean; The ancient cultural city of Madrid.
Barcelona is a world-famous port city and tourist city. Its seaside climate is pleasant and sunny, forming a series of beautiful bays. The sunshine, beaches, romantic Spanish customs and charming Mediterranean scenery here attract thousands of tourists from all over the world every year.
bullfight
Speaking of Spain, the first thing people think of is Spanish bullfighting. Bullfighting is the quintessence of Spain, which is popular all over the country and enjoys a world-renowned reputation. Although this practice is controversial from the perspective of animal protection, it is still a unique ancient tradition in Spain and has been welcomed by many people. The bullfighting season is from March to 10. During the bullfighting season, two races are held every Thursday and Sunday. If there are holidays and national day celebrations, you can watch them every day.
education
At present, Spain's education system is mainly divided into preschool education, universal education, bachelor education, higher education and vocational training. Children aged 2 to 3 can voluntarily attend small classes in kindergartens and large classes at the age of 4 to 5. National kindergartens are free, compulsory universal education is also free (6 ~ 16 years old), and transportation and canteens are also free. The goal of universal education is children aged 6 to 65. Three years in junior high school, two years in senior high school and three years in junior high school.
Undergraduate and doctoral courses in Spanish public universities are also tuition-free, and international students enjoy the same treatment. Depending on the school, you only need to pay a registration fee of about 300-500 euros per year. The University of Salamanca and the University of Granada in Spain are both among the oldest universities in Europe.
soccer
Football Paradise If you are a fan, I believe I don't need to say anything more. Watch the ball game and shout like local fans. If you win, celebrate with the local fans. In Madrid, go to the Goddess of Harvest Square, in Barcelona, go to the Fountain Square in Canaredas.
When you come to Madrid, there seems to be a place that you have to go, whether you are a fan or not, because it is the pride of the whole city-the Bernabeu Stadium, the home of Real Madrid, which has made too many real Madrid teams brilliant. C Ronaldo, Zidane and many other world-class stars have run on this stadium, and countless die-hard fans have cheered for their beloved teams here. Here, the Spanish seem to show their passion to the world to the greatest extent. I think you will be infected by the atmosphere when you come here. Let go of your reserve and leave your cheers in this dream holy land of countless people.
Spanish immigrant welfare
Free medical care for all: Family doctors can make appointments at any time.
Spain implements free public health care for all. This mechanism is called "national health system", which has three characteristics: universality, welfare and public funding. Spanish law stipulates that everyone has the right to medical services, including not only Spanish citizens, but also foreigners who have obtained legal residence status. Pay social security and apply for a medical card, and you can get free medical care in Spanish public hospitals with the card. Your unemployed spouse and children can enjoy free medical care together. In addition to the insured himself, the family members of the insured can also apply for a medical card and enjoy free medical care. In other words, as long as one person is insured, the whole family can enjoy free medical care, which is an excellent welfare in Spain. For example, if the father at home pays social security, then the unemployed wife and children can apply for a medical card.
Most people will choose their own family doctor in the nearest community hospital. People with diseases in the whole family will make an appointment with this family doctor and go to the corresponding public hospital according to the arrangement of the family doctor. Most diseases are treated free of charge, even cancer and organ transplantation are free, the whole process of giving birth is free, and the medical level of public hospitals is also very high. It can be said that public health care in Spain is the best part of all benefits. After paying social security, everyone can get a health insurance card (Tarjeta Sanitaria), with which they can go to all public hospitals and community hospitals near their homes for free.
Free and compulsory education: 6- 16 years old
As a traditional developed capitalist country, Spain's education system is similar to that of most EU countries. Free basic education is compulsory before the age of 65,438+06, and English is the first foreign language. Spanish citizens, including foreigners with legal residence status, have the right to enjoy free basic education. There is no high sponsorship fee, no sky-high school district, and no need to meet various harsh conditions. After 16, you can freely choose courses for further study (vocational and technical schools or high schools), but you don't have to go through the college entrance examination. After graduating from high school, you can apply for admission to other famous schools in your country or the world. Spanish citizens and foreigners with legal residence status can enjoy low tuition fees (registration fees). Non-EU students have to pay a high tuition fee (registration fee). Take the Autonomous University of Barcelona as an example. Non-EU students need to pay about 1 10,000 euros (registration fee), while Spanish citizens and foreigners with legal residence status only need to pay about 1 10,000 euros-2,000 euros (registration fee). From 20 13, Spanish universities accepted the "Bologna" reform and adopted the European higher education standard model. Four years of undergraduate course, one to two years of master's degree and four years of doctor's degree. Academic qualifications and degrees are universally recognized.
Retirement: You can get a pension at 65.
Spain ranks seventh in the 20 18 list of the best retirement paradise in the world. The retirement age in Spain is higher than that in China: both men and women are 65 years old (some occupations allow them to retire under 65), and they can apply for a pension after retirement. From 2065438 to 2009, the new minimum retirement pension standard is 788.9 euros per month. Even the elderly who cannot retire unconditionally (have not paid social security or have different payment years) can still apply for a pension if they have no other income (the standard for 20 19 years is 369.9 euros/month). The specific conditions are: Spanish citizens, or Spanish immigrants from other countries, have legal residence permits in Spain.
Whether Spanish citizens or Spanish immigrants, the elderly who are helpless or whose income is lower than the minimum standard can get a small amount of subsidies from the government to maintain the minimum living standard, or be sent to nursing homes to take care of the elderly. All elderly people over the age of 65, regardless of nationality, can buy subway and bus monthly tickets for the elderly with their identity certificates (residence permits) as long as they have legal residency in Spain. The fares are much more favorable than the normal fares. Many tourist attractions also have corresponding discounts for people aged 65 to buy tickets. Social welfare departments of district governments have also set up activity centers for the elderly, and all kinds of interest activities for the elderly, such as painting, dancing and musical instruments, are free. According to the data released by the Spanish Ministry of Employment and Social Security on the same day, from 2065438 to June 2008, the western contributory pension expenditure was 8.748 billion euros, a year-on-year increase of 3%; The average pension was 1063. 1 euro, up 2% year-on-year.
Maternity allowance: 600 euros in 20 18 years.
In Spain, every pregnant woman will receive a subsidy of 3,000 euros as a reward to encourage women to give birth. However, due to the economic crisis, this benefit has been cancelled, but the government promises that this benefit will be gradually restored with the economic recovery, and will be restored to 600 euros, 438+09 in 2065. At the same time, each newborn will receive a monthly subsidy of 100 euros until the child reaches the age of three.
If the mother has a job, in addition to enjoying four months of maternity leave, the insurance bureau will also reissue these four months' wages. Father has four weeks maternity leave. According to the new law just passed this year, from next year, father's maternity leave will be extended to five weeks. During maternity leave, the company must pay the employee 100% of the salary, so that pregnant women can take care of their children at home with peace of mind.
If there are two or more children in the family, each child can get a subsidy equivalent to 120 euros. These subsidies are mainly used for children to buy books, participate in various activities, take care of holidays, and participate in interest classes. When the children go to college, families with more than two children can get scholarships first and reduce tuition fees.
Spain's infant health care system is also perfect. Usually in the first year of the baby's birth, he will go to a fixed pediatrician for a development check every month; 1-3 years old, do it every 3 months; 3- 14 years old, do it once a year, which is the universal standard of EU countries. When the baby is unwell, doctors often provide parents with some non-drug family treatment first.
Naturalization of newborn: Naturalization after living in Spain for one year.
A newborn born in Spain can become a Spanish citizen as soon as he has lived in Spain with his parents for 1 year. Naturalized children become Spanish citizens and enjoy all the rights of Spain.