The Festival Significance of beginning of spring
First of all, it needs to be clear that the lunar calendar is not a "lunar calendar", but a combination of yin and yang. Solar terms are an integral part of the lunar calendar, which is used by the lunar calendar to measure the apparent motion of the sun, and it is a tropic year. In the lunar calendar, it is called: full year. Beginning of spring is always around February 4th in the Gregorian calendar. Because the Gregorian calendar belongs to the Gregorian calendar. However, because the Gregorian calendar is an average solar calendar, it can only basically correspond to the solar terms, and sometimes it will fluctuate for a day or two.
The solar terms in beginning of spring are calculated according to the regularity of the lunar calendar and the precise astronomical calculation. At the beginning of the Spring Festival, the sun reaches 3 15 degrees. Therefore, the solar terms of the lunar calendar are completely consistent with the astronomical phenomena (celestial positions). After the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar are finished once, it is the return of one year.
However, the lunar calendar is a combination of yin and yang. One month of the lunar calendar should conform to the new moon (the moon phase is missing once), and the average calendar year should also conform to the Tropic of Cancer. Therefore, the lunar calendar takes the first month of the lunar calendar as the calendar month, and the normal year is 12 months, about 354 days, so that the calendar month coincides with the month. This is the lunar element in the lunar calendar. The twenty-four solar terms and seventy-two phases of the lunar calendar represent the four seasons of cold and summer, which are part of the lunar calendar. The two are an organic whole.
When necessary, the lunar calendar adopts the way of setting leap months to coordinate the relationship between the two, so that the date of the lunar calendar can also be linked with the four seasons. A year with a leap month is a leap year of the lunar calendar, and there are thirteen lunar months. About 384 days. Please pay attention to these two figures. The average lunar year is about 354 days, and the leap year is about 384 days. But a year is 3 19. Then an average lunar year can barely accommodate 24 solar terms, and sometimes there are only 23 solar terms in an average year. Lunar leap year has more than 380 days, about 20 days more than one year old, so the number of solar terms that can be accommodated must be greater than 24. According to the calculation rules of the lunar calendar, the winter solstice must be in 1 1 month, that is, from the winter of a year to the sun and moon (inclusive) to the winter of b year to the sun and moon (inclusive). If there are 12 lunar months, there is no leap year in normal years, and if there are 13 lunar months, it is a leap year. It is necessary to set up a leap month, arranged in a month without a neutral atmosphere.
For the sake of understanding, let's take the lunar calendar Wu Jianian (20 14) as an example.
There are thirteen moons from the winter solstice month (inclusive) in the fourth year of the lunar calendar (20 13) to the winter solstice month (exclusive) in the fourth year of the lunar calendar (20 14), which indicates the need to set up leap months. September 30th of the Chinese and Japanese lunar calendar is the first frost in September, and there is no light snow in October of the following month, so this month is the leap September of the Chinese and Japanese lunar calendar. This is called leap in the lunar calendar, which originated in the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to make the date of the lunar calendar coincide with the four seasons of the year.
Because there are 25 solar terms in the lunar leap year, there may be only 23 solar terms in the next year, but there are also cases where there are 24 solar terms in the next year. These are all very normal phenomena and have absolutely nothing to do with bad luck. Because solar terms are an integral part of the solar calendar, and the lunar calendar is a combination of yin and yang, it is necessary to coordinate the new moon and the tropic year, so this phenomenon will occur.
As for why beginning of spring is a solar term, it is actually related to the qi in the first month of the lunar calendar. The qi in the first month of the lunar calendar is rain, and the qi in the twelfth month is cold. Therefore, after the severe cold in beginning of spring and before the rain, when there is only one beginning of spring in the normal year of the lunar calendar, there will be a beginning of spring solar term in the first or twelfth month and a double beginning of spring in the leap year of the lunar calendar. Because the calendar years of the lunar calendar coordinate the new moon and the tropic year. The new moon and the tropic of cancer are a whole in the lunar calendar.
The Gregorian calendar is the average solar calendar, with only the tropic year, regardless of the moon;
Hijri is a kind of lunar calendar, which only looks at the moon, regardless of the tropical year. So it doesn't matter all year round;
The lunar calendar is a combination of yin and yang. The tropical year is calculated from the winter solstice to the winter solstice, which is an absolutely accurate astronomical algorithm. It is used to calculate the new moon from the day when the sun meets the moon to the day when the sun meets the moon. The new moon is the day when the longitude difference between the sun and the moon is 0 degrees. This is an absolutely accurate astronomical calculation of the new moon. The lunar leap month is used to coordinate the relationship between the two. The 24 solar terms and 72 phases of the lunar calendar are used to represent the four seasons of the year, to represent hot and cold, and to measure the apparent motion of the sun.
As soon as the solar term in beginning of spring arrives, Meng Chun begins, so there is spring every year. The lunar calendar coincides with the first month of the lunar calendar and the year of the tropic of cancer, which is a scientific calendar combining yin and yang. It is a normal calendar phenomenon to have beginning of spring, double beginning of spring or no beginning of spring in the Lunar New Year, which has nothing to do with luck.
In the old society, people thought that "a year without beginning of spring is a widow's year" and it was not suitable for marriage. But this is a statement without scientific basis. 20 16 The Year of the Monkey is a year without spring, that is, there is no beginning of spring all year round.
Lin Yuan, a member of the Chinese Astronomical Society and director of the Tianjin Astronomical Society, said that this is because some years of the lunar calendar are shorter than the return year, while others are older than the return year.
The tropical year is 365.2422 days, which is the time interval between two adjacent solar terms in beginning of spring. The average length of the Gregorian calendar year is 365.2425 days, which is almost the same as the tropic year. Therefore, the date of beginning of spring in the Gregorian calendar year is basically fixed, most years are February 4th, and some years are February 3rd or February 5th. However, the lunar year is different. The year without leap month in the lunar calendar is 353 to 355 days, which is about 1 1 day less than the return. The leap month year is from 383 days to 385 days, which is 19 days more than the tropic year. Therefore, beginning of spring's position in the Lunar New Year presents four situations: at the beginning of the year; At the end of the year; The beginning and end of a year is spring; There is no beginning of spring all the year round.
There is a leap month in the lunar calendar (every 19 has seven years), so there are beginning of spring days at the beginning and end of a year, that is, "two spring days". In the year without leap month (12 in every 19 years), because the year is shorter than the tropic year, there are most "spring-free years", and the remaining beginning of spring days are about half at the beginning of the year and half at the end of the year. This law takes 19 as the cycle, and it goes on and on, with slight differences in individual years.
In 100 of this century, there are 37 years of spring, 37 years of no spring, beginning of spring at the beginning of the year is 12 years, and beginning of spring at the end of the year is 14 years.