The Fourth Battle of Changsha (Introduction to the Fourth Battle of Changsha)
Today, the editor will share with you the knowledge of the Fourth Battle of Changsha. He will also analyze and answer the introduction of the Fourth Battle of Changsha. If it can solve the questions you want to know, please pay attention to this site.
The reasons for the failure of the Fourth Battle of Changsha
Before starting, let’s take a look at the first three battles of Changsha
In the first Battle of Changsha, the Japanese army successfully captured Changsha. Take the initiative to retreat
In the second battle of Changsha, the national army was still defeated miserably. The 74th Army suffered heavy casualties and the military headquarters was destroyed
The third battle of Changsha, Xue Yue’s Tianlu tactics Victory became a great victory
We might as well compare the third and fourth battles of Changsha to know why we were defeated
First let’s take a look at what Tianlu tactics are
To put it bluntly, Tianlu tactics are core maneuvers. When the opponent attacks, resist one after another, consume the opponent and then retreat to the outside in an outward shape. Use powerful troops to stick to the key points, form the bottom of the pocket, and repeatedly see-saw with the opponent. Wait for the opponent's division After the veterans are tired, the outside corps presses up to form a siege
There are two key points in the Tianlu strategy. 1. The bottom of the pocket cannot be penetrated. 2. The outside corps has the advantage and cannot be entangled
< p>During the Third Battle of Changsha, the Japanese army invested few troops, and the balance of strength was 80,000:300,000It was a natural success
But in the Fourth Battle of Changsha, Hengshan Yong Lessons learned, about 140,000 troops were invested, and engineers and artillery were strengthened
Xue Yue’s troops were only a little more than 200,000. Compare the changes in strength
At that time, the theater chief of staff Zhao Zili proposed , retreated to the Battle of Hengyang, but was rejected
After the war, the Japanese army blew up the outside corps and drove them away to ensure the security of the outside line
Then they went straight to Changsha and fought all day long with the cooperation of artillery. Exploding the defense of the 4th Army
How many times were there in the battle of Changsha?
There are three times that truly fit the meaning of the Battle of Changsha.
The Battle of Changsha, also known as the "Changsha Defense War", refers to the ninth battle between the Chinese army and the Japanese invaders centered on Changsha during the Anti-Japanese War from September 1939 to February 1942. Three large-scale and fierce offensive and defensive battles were conducted in the theater
The Battle of Changsha was the first major victory the Kuomintang achieved in resisting the invasion of Japanese imperialist troops on a frontal battlefield after the War of Resistance Against Japan entered a stalemate. Since the outbreak, this was the first battle in which the Chinese army used force to force the Japanese army to return to its original strategic posture.
Extended information:
The third Battle of Changsha:
Although this battle was won, it failed to completely annihilate the Japanese army or annihilate more as planned. However, the Japanese army was generally praised by international public opinion. This battle was the Chinese army's first offensive on the Chinese battlefield after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. It was also the Allies' first victory in a series of defeats in the early stages of the Pacific War. It inspired people's hearts and strengthened the determination of the Chinese people to resist Japan.
It promoted the rapid implementation of the US aid plan to China and also promoted the rapid formation of the international anti-fascist united front including China. The improvement of China's international status forced the United States, Britain and other countries to voluntarily give up various extraterritorial rights acquired in China since the Opium War in 1840
Baidu Encyclopedia - Battle of Changsha
The Fourth Battle of Changsha What are the decisive factors for failure?
The fourth failure of the Battle of Changsha will affect the Chinese battlefield. The decisive factors for this battle are:
1. The huge disparity in military strength< /p>
In the past, the strength comparison between the Chinese army and the Japanese army was basically 1:5. Our army often used troops five times that of the enemy to make up for the gap in equipment and quality.
But this time, the Sixth War Zone announced that more than 25,000 Japanese troops had been wiped out, and its own casualties were only more than 10,000. For the first time, the Chinese army suffered fewer casualties than the Japanese army, and achieved an unprecedented victory. It is a pity that the Japanese army admitted only more than 4,000 casualties and only more than 1,000 deaths. Of course, the Japanese army always likes to reduce its losses, and it is the same in the Pacific battlefield. However, the national army also obviously concealed its own casualties.
2. The Chinese army has excellent equipment
The Chinese army also dispatched four air force groups, and the 14th Air Force of the US Air Force also participated in the coordinated operations, dispatching aircraft many times and bombing Japanese positions and rear lines of communication. This was a battle in which China did not lose air supremacy.
3. The People’s Liberation Army’s military strength was severely depleted
After three Changsha battles, Xue Yue’s ninth theater suffered a lot of casualties; in the Zhejiang-Jiangxi battle, Gu Zhutong’s third theater also suffered In the Zaoyi Battle, Li Zongren's fifth theater was also ravaged, and even the commander of the group army Zhang Zizhong was martyred. Coupled with the great famine in Henan in 1942, it was difficult to launch an offensive against the Japanese army in the short term.
4. The Japanese army resisted seriously
The Japanese army attacked all the way in the early stage and captured the city and territory. The Chinese army adopted a step-by-step resistance method, looking for opportunities and resisting tenaciously. In the early stage, they were basically no match for the Japanese army. In the later stages of the battle, after a period of fighting or basically achieving their combat objectives, the Japanese army took advantage of their fatigue to pursue them during their retreat.
5. The traitorous behavior of Wang Puppet Regime
Beginning in August, the Japanese 11th Army mobilized troops and concentrated 100,000 infantry and about 100 Army Air Corps aircraft. The powerful force of aircraft and the Navy attempted to focus on attacking the main force of the 9th Theater, and implemented the Japanese government's plan to induce surrender politically, in an attempt to frustrate the anti-Japanese will of the Kuomintang army and cause the Kuomintang government to surrender, and cooperated militarily to launch the Wang Puppet regime. .
Reference material: Baidu Encyclopedia - Battle of Changsha
Why did Changsha fall so quickly during the Fourth Battle of Changsha?
This is because due to errors in troop deployment, the main force of the Chinese army failed to retreat to the Yuelu Mountain position in time. The troops were divided across the river and were unable to support their strength. The Japanese army used superior forces to break through the Yuelu Mountain position.
From May to August 1944, during the Henan-Hunan-Guangxi Campaign of the Chinese Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese 9th Theater Troops conducted defensive campaigns against the Japanese troops in Changsha and Hengyang, Hunan. From May 27 to June 19, China and Japan fought in northern Hunan with the goal of competing for Changsha.
The number of attacking Japanese troops was about 360,000, and the number of Chinese troops on the defensive was about 300,000. On June 16, the Japanese troops that pressed into Changsha began to violently attack the city of Changsha. On June 19, the Chinese troops retreated and the Japanese captured Changsha.
Extended information
Historical background
Since the Japanese enemy attacked Pearl Harbor on December 8, 1941, and the Pacific War broke out, in order to plunder more With its strategic resources and the blockade of our two international channels, Yunnan-Vietnam and Yunnan-Myanmar, we took advantage of our sea and air superiority to massively move our troops southward. For a while, the devil's claws extended into Nanyang and Southeast Asia, on a vast and long front.
The Japanese invaders were deeply stretched and unable to transport supplies. They dreamed of using mainland my country as a springboard and tried to open up the Guangdong River line, from Guangzhou to Nanyang, open the Hunan-Guangxi line, pass through Vietnam and reach Singapore directly, and establish a final route. Convenient transportation links to relieve their difficulties.
In the summer of 1944, the Japanese invaders competed with the anti-fascist allies, mainly the United States, in the Pacific and occupied many colonies in the United States, Britain, France, the Netherlands and other countries. Many countries in Southeast Asia were ravaged.
The front line of the Japanese invaders is getting longer and longer, and it is becoming more and more difficult to supply troops and materials. Especially since the Guangdong-Hankou Railway has been cut off, supply has become even more problematic. In order to open up the Guangdong-Han Line, the Japanese army made a desperate move and used all their strength to attack Changsha again.
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Fourth Battle of Changsha