Wang Xizhi's calligraphy work "What is the meaning of the preface to the Lanting Collection?"
Original text: In the ninth year of Yonghe, when I was in Guichou, at the beginning of late spring, I met at the Orchid Pavilion in Shanyin, Kuaiji, to practice evil spirits.
Translation: In the ninth year of Yonghe, that is, the year of Guichou, (on a certain day) in early March, a gathering was held at Lanting in Shanyin County, Kuaiji County to hold an event to ward off evil spirits.
Explanation: "Yonghe Ninth Year" is marked by the year number method, that is, the year name established by the emperor plus ordinal words is used to mark the year; "Guichou" is marked by the stem and branch method, that is, using the ten years The heavenly stems (Jia, Yi, Bing, Ding, Wuji, Geng, Xinrengui) and the twelve earthly branches (Zichou, Yinmao, Chen, Wuwei, Youxuhai) were combined in sequence (Jiazi-Yichou-Bingyin-etc.) to record the year; this year established "Yonghe" for Emperor Mu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty "The ninth year of this year is also the year of "Guichou". The two dating methods are generally used alone. The overlap here has the effect of clear dating, but the more important one is the phonological effect. "Late spring" is measured by the Meng Zhong twilight month method, that is: March. The adverbial "will be at the Orchid Pavilion in Shanyin, Kuaiji" is placed later. "禊" is a sacrificial ritual held by the waterside in ancient spring and autumn to eliminate ominous events. "The Preface to the Lanting Collection" is also known as "Yie".
Appreciation: One word tells the story of the time and place.
Original text: All the talents have arrived, and the young and old have gathered together.
Translation: All virtuous people come (to here), young and old all gather (here).
Explanation: "Xian", "Shao" and "Long" are adjectives used as nouns, meaning "virtuous people", "young people", "older people"; "to" and "collection" Later, the introductory phrase "here" was omitted and used as an adverbial.
Appreciation: The eight characters describe all the people coming, and also describe the grand event of cultivating evil spirits.
Original text: Here there are high mountains, lush forests and bamboos; there are also clear streams and rapids, reflecting the surroundings.
Translation: There are tall and precipitous mountains here, lush and dense woods and bamboo bushes; there are also clear and turbulent water, which surround the pavilion to the left and right.
Explanation: The three phrases "lofty mountains", "luxuriant forests and bamboos" and "clear currents" all use intertextual rhetoric and need to be adjusted during translation. "ying" is the verb "to shine", "dai" is the address "to surround", and the preposition "yu" is omitted afterwards.
Appreciation: Twenty Crosses describe the beautiful environment.
Original text: It is thought that the wine is flowing in the flowing water, and the people sit next to each other. Although it does not have the grandeur of silk and bamboo orchestral music, one wine glass and one chant are enough to express the quiet feelings.
Translation: (Pull water) into a circular canal that serves as a wine glass. (People) line up and sit next to it. Although there is no grand occasion of orchestral music, (but) drink a glass of wine and feel a sense of joy. Poetry is enough to happily express elegant feelings.
Explanation: After "Yin", the object "Zhi" is omitted and replaced by "Qingliu turbulent"; "Yi" is a conjunction that connects the relationship and is not translated; after "Liu Zui", the preposition "Yu" is omitted. "Yizhang" and "Yiyong" are the verb phrases "drink a glass of wine" and "chant a poem"; "Yi" is the preposition "to use".
Appreciation: Three crosses describe the grand occasion of drinking wine and composing poems.
Original text: It’s a sunny day, the sky is clear, the wind is gentle and gentle.
Translation: On this day, the weather is sunny, the air is fresh, and the breeze is warm.
Appreciation: One piece is relaxed, this is relaxation.
Original text: Looking up at the vastness of the universe and looking down at the prosperity of categories, wandering your eyes and wandering your mind is enough to provide you with great visual and auditory entertainment, which is a joy to believe.
Translation: Looking up at the vast universe, looking down at the prosperous things, the (landscape) for looking around and stretching the mind is enough for people to enjoy the pleasure of sight and sound. So happy!
Explanation: "Zhi" is the sign of attributive postposition; "category" is the noun "all things in the world"; "so" is the fixed structure "the landscape used for...", and "ji" is the verb " Enjoy it”.
Appreciation: This is "touring", with scenery and travel traces.
Second paragraph:
Original text: Madam’s love for you will last a lifetime.
Translation: People get along with each other, and their admiration (is) a lifetime.
Explanation: "Husband" is an auxiliary word and is not translated. The structural particle between the subject and predicate of "Zhi" is not translated. "Pitch" uses two actions to express a short time.
Appreciation: All life insights actually begin with the word "husband".
Original text: Either we take the embrace of others and talk to each other in a room;
Translation: Some people take out some things from their own interesting thoughts and talk face to face indoors (with friends); some people express their feelings outside the body by placing their feelings on the things that their spiritual feelings place on them. , live with indulgence without any restraint.
Explanation: "Zhu" is the chorus word "Zhiyu", "Zhi" represents the content of what is said, and the introductory phrase composed of "Yu" and its object "Embrace" serves as an adverbial; "Meet Yan" " The preposition "yu" is omitted after "Wanglang", and the object preposition phrase composed of "yu" and its object serves as an adverbial; "because" is the preposition "pass", and together with the following "zhisusuo" forms the preposition phrase as an adverbial.
Appreciation: When reading this sentence, I feel "joyful about things" and "sorrowful about myself". Mi Heng in the Wei Dynasty and Liu Ling in the Western Jin Dynasty are typical representatives. This is actually the distortion of the life of the literati when political darkness and persecution occurred frequently.
Original text: Although there are many things to give up, calmness and impatience are different, when you are happy with what you encounter, you are temporarily satisfied with yourself, you are happy and contented, and you don’t know that old age is coming; when you are tired of what you are doing, your emotions will follow you. Things have changed, and I feel sad about it.
Translation: Although (people's life) choices vary greatly, and they like to be quiet and active, they are also different. However, when they are happy with the things they come into contact with, they are temporarily proud, happy and self-sufficient, and they do not know how to age. Coming soon; when he becomes tired of where he is and his mood changes with the current situation, the emotion will follow.
Explanation: There are two interpretations of "take", one is "interest" and the other is "take". Here we take the meaning of "take". "Happy to meet" is a typical inversion of the prepositional phrase used as an adverbial, and "happened to meet" is a noun phrase that is used as an adverbial phrase.
Appreciation: I have this feeling in this situation, and it is the same in ancient and modern times.
Original text: The joy of looking up and looking down has become an old trace, but I still have to be excited about it; if it is shortened and changed, it will eventually end.
Translation: The things that I felt happy in the past have become obsolete in a short time, but I still can't help but feel emotional about it. What's more, the length of human life is determined by nature, and the end of life will eventually be the final outcome.
Explanation: The structural particle "的" between the attributive "Zhi" and the central phrase is translated as an adverbial in the sentence. This is actually due to the differences in ancient and modern Chinese habits; "Zhi" is a pronoun, representing "towards the place". "Xin, between pitch and fall, has become a trace"; "xiu" is the adjective "long"; "period" means "with... as the final outcome"; "end" means "the end of life".
Appreciation: This is where the pain of life comes from!
Original text: The ancients said: "Death and life are also big things."
Translation: The ancients said: "Death and life are also big things!"
Appreciation: This is the same sigh throughout the ages!
Original text: Doesn’t it hurt!
Translation: How can we not be sad?
Appreciation: This pain is the first pain in the history of literature! In the Western Jin Dynasty, Ruan Ji's desperate situation led him to cry!
The third paragraph:
Original text: Every time I read the reasons for the interest of the past people, if they are combined into one, I will not fail to express my regrets, which cannot be expressed in my heart.
Translation: Whenever I see the reasons why the predecessors lamented, (what I lamented) is as consistent as a contract, and there is no one who does not sigh and lament in front of (their) articles. I can't explain it clearly in my heart (again).
Explanation: "Combined Deed": The ancient contract was divided into two halves, each holding one, and the combination was a letter. "Yu" is the verb "explanation"; the introductory phrase "Yu Huai" is used as a post-positioned adverbial.
Appreciation: This is the true realm of reading!
Original text: I know that death and rebirth are just illusions, and mourning for Qi Peng is just nonsense.
Translation: (I) originally knew that it is absurd to treat life and death equally, and it is a myth to treat longevity and short life equally.
Explanation: "一" and "Qi" are verbs used in meaning, which means "to treat... as the same".
Appreciation: The pain of life is even more philosophical!
Original text: The future looks upon the present as the present looks upon the past, how sad!
Translation: It is really sad that future generations will look at today the same way as today’s people look at the past!
Explanation: "Zhi" is a structural particle between the subject and predicate and is not translated.
Appreciation: The pain of life adds a heavy sense of history!
Original text: Therefore, I listed the people at that time and recorded their descriptions.
Translation: So I wrote down the people who attended this gathering one by one and copied their poems.
Explanation: "Shi" means "at that time" and refers to "those who participated in this gathering"; "Qi" is the personal pronoun "their".
Appreciation: The reason for the formation of Lantingji is supplemented by the feeling of life and the beginning of cultivating bad luck!
Original text: Although the world is different and things are different, the reason for the excitement is the same.
Translation: Even though the circumstances are different in different times, people's sentiments are the same.
Appreciation: Supplementary recording of the theoretical basis of Lanting Collection.
Original text: Those who read it later will also be impressed by Siwen.
Translation: Readers of future generations will also feel the important matter of life and death when reading this collection of poems.
Appreciation: The purpose of compiling the preface to the Lanting Collection shows extremely strong self-confidence.