Brief introduction of Wang Zhene
Wang Zhene
Wang Zhene (373.6.11—418.3.7), a native of North Sea Drama County (now southeast of Shouguang, Shandong Province), was a famous general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Wang Zhene's grandfather was Wang Meng, an outstanding politician and strategist in the former Qin Dynasty. Wang Zhene's father, Wang Xiu, was a satrap of Hedong. Wang Zhene was born on June 11th, 373, and the lunar calendar was the fifth day of May in the first year of Ningkang (373). According to custom, the fifth day of May is an unlucky day, so the family wants to send him to other people's homes to support him, so as not to be harmful to the family. But Wang Meng was surprised when he saw Wang Zhene, and said, "This is very unusual. In the past, Meng Changjun was born on a bad month, so it will also prosper our door" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene)! So I named him "Zhen evil".
when Wang Zhene was thirteen years old, the former Qin dynasty was defeated and Guanzhong was disturbed. Wang Zhene lived outside, and once stayed at Li Fang's home in Mianchi (now Mianchi, Henan Province). Li Fang was very kind to Wang Zhene. Wang Zhene was very grateful, so he said to Li Fang, "If you encounter a hero, you should take Wan Huhou and be generous." Li Fang replied, "You, the prime minister and the grandson, have such talents, so why not be rich?". At that time, it is enough to use it as a county magistrate "(Biography of Wang Zhene in Song Dynasty). Later, with Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition, Wang Zhene broke Luoyang, so he appointed Li Fang as the general of the Jin Dynasty as the magistrate of Mianchi County.
Later, Wang Zhene went to Jin with his uncle Wang Yao and lived in Jingzhou. Wang Zhene "read a lot about the art of war of various schools of thought, talking about military affairs, riding is not good at it, closing the bow is also very weak, but his meaning is slightly vertical and horizontal, and he can definitely break it" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene).
In March, the fifth year of Yixi (49), Emperor Wu of Song requested to attack Southern Yan, and someone recommended Wang Zhene to Emperor Wu of Song. At that time, Wang Zhene was the magistrate of Linli County in Tianmen. Emperor Wu of song summoned Wang Zhene, and after talking with him, Emperor Wu of song was very surprised, so he stayed in Wang Zhene for the night. The next morning, Emperor Wu of Song said to his entourage, "The son of Wang Meng is the master of evil" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). Immediately, Wang Zhene was engaged in the history of Qingzhou Zhizhi, and he participated in the military affairs of Zhongjun Qiu, and the front thief Cao. After repeated battles, he won the fifth prize in Bolu County.
After Emperor Wu of Song, Southern Yan was defeated, Lu Xun was defeated, and the world was sublime. Liu Yi, the three main soldiers of the Northern Government (Emperor Wu of Song, Liu Yi, He Wuji, who had died in battle), was unwilling to be relegated to the position of Qiu Liu Yu, secretly accumulating strength and plotting to exercise power in the DPRK. Emperor wu of song also early notice, waiting for the opportunity.
In September of the eighth year of Yixi (412), Liu Yi went to Jiangling, occasionally suffering from illness, and wrote to ask his cousin Liu Fan, the secretariat of Yanzhou, to be his deputy. Emperor Wu of Song pretended to agree. Liu Fan entered Jiankang (now Nanjing) from Guangling (now northwest of Yangzhou, Jiangsu). Emperor Wu of Song took the opportunity to display the crime of Liu Yi's rebellion with the imperial edict, pointing out that Liu Fan was up to no good with it and ordered Liu Fan to commit suicide.
On the 15th, Emperor Wu of Song led the armies to set out from Jiankang, and Wang Zhene said, "If you have something to learn from the West, please give it to Bai Ge as the forerunner" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). On the 29th, he went to Guzhu (now Dangtu, Anhui Province), and took Wang Zhene as the general of Zhenwu. Together with General Long Xiang, he led a hundred boats as the vanguard. Emperor Wu of Song also warned Wang Zhene, saying, "If a thief knows that we are superior to the army, he should be less alert. Be an army on the shore, or get off the boat if you don't do it. When you get there, you can raise enough money to hit it, then burn its ships and float to the water side for me to arrive. Comfort the people, publicize the imperial edict and pardon, as well as my civil and military books with the Guards House. Only one person is guilty, and the rest ask nothing. If thieves don't know the news and are unprepared, they can attack and attack. Today, but the cloud Liu Yanzhou "("Biography of Song Shu Wang Zhene ").
Wang Zhene was ordered to travel day and night, pretending that Liu Fan went to the west, but Liu Yi believed it. On October 22nd, Wang Zhene arrived at Yuzhangkou (now southeast of Jiangling, Hubei Province), 2 miles away from Jiangling City, abandoned the ship and marched on foot. Kuaien led the army in the front, followed by Wang Zhene. One or two people were left on each ship, and six or seven flags were erected on the shore of the ship, and a drum was placed below, telling those who stayed: "If I plan to get to the city, I will be strict, and there will be a great army after the order" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). He also sent people to burn the ships of Liu Yi in Jiangjin (now southeast of Shashi, Hubei) and cut off its retreat. Wang Zhene led the army to the Lingcheng, and said to the former army, "If there is a questioner, it will come from Yanzhou" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). Along the way, Tianjin garrison and the people said that Liu Fan had come, and there was no doubt.
less than five or six miles from the city, I met Liu Yi and wanted to take Zhu Xianzhi out of Jiangjin with a dozen cavalry and dozens of infantry. Zhu Xianzhi asked who they were, and the soldier replied, "Liu Yanzhou arrived." Zhu Xianzhi galloped to the front and asked where Liu Gan was. The soldier replied, "In the back" (Biography of Wang Zhene in Song Dynasty). Zhu Xianzhi didn't see Liu Fan, only to find that the troops were armed. At this time, he saw Jiangjin's ships burned, fireworks went up into the sky, and drums were very loud. Knowing that it was not Liu Fan who arrived, Zhu Xianzhi galloped back and said to Liu Yi, "There is a great army outside, which seems to have reached the city from the bottom up, and the Jiangjin ship was caught on fire" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). So he ordered the gates to be closed. However, Wang Zhene has already rushed into Jiangling City, and soldiers have also climbed into the city. As the gate has not been closed, the east gate of the big city has been opened smoothly.
There are eight Liu Yi troops in Dacheng * *, and they are on alert. Kuaien entered the east gate, then turned back to the north and hit the hall, before attacking the east gate of Jincheng. When Wang Zhene entered the East Gate, he hit the west gate of Jincheng (now the inner city). Divide the army and attack the south gate of Jincheng. Liu Yi Jincheng, an old general in the east, has six teams of more than 1, people, and Aauto Quicker, an official in the west, has more than 2, people. There was a scuffle between the two armies. From 1: a.m. to 4: p.m., people in the west had retreated and defected. When Wang Zhene entered the city, he took advantage of the wind to set fire to the south and east gates of the city.
Wang Zhene sent people to send letters and pardons to Liu Yi and Liu Yi, but ignored them, and fought against Sima Mao and other overseers. When soldiers in Jincheng did not believe that Emperor Wu of Song came in person, a man named Wang Huan, who lived in Jiangling, was promoted by Emperor Wu of Song for killing Huan Qian before, and often stayed around. At this time, he led more than ten people to help Wang Zhene fight. At about four o'clock in the afternoon, Wang Huan cut a big hole thirty paces north of the East Gate of Jincheng. Wang Huan took the lead in drilling into the cave, followed by Wang Zhene, followed by soldiers, who fought hand-to-hand with Liu Yijun.
most of the soldiers in Wang Zhene and Liu Yi are old people from the northern government, and some of them are cousins of their fathers, brothers and children. Wang Zhene told the soldiers to fight and say that all the soldiers in Liu Yi learned that Liu was the Emperor Wu of Song who personally led the troops. Without fighting spirit, they fled in pieces. At the time of the first watch, I heard that the array broke up in advance and killed Zhao Cai, the brave general of Liu Yi, but the soldiers around Liu Yi still closed the east and west doors to resist. Wang Zhene, fearing that it would be a fight between trapped animals and increase the casualties of soldiers, led his army out of the walled city of Jincheng, so he opened the south gate. Fearing an ambush, Liu Yi led more than 3 people to break through the north gate at night. Because of the sudden accident, when Wang Zhene led the army to attack the city, Liu Yi's horse was still outside the city, and he couldn't find it in a hurry. Liu Yi went to his son Liu Sumin to get the horse, but Liu Sumin didn't give it to him. Zhu Xianzhi said to Liu Sumin, "People take your father, but cherish the horse. What do you want if you leave now?"? So he took the horse and gave it to Liu Yi. As soon as Liu Yigang came out, he met Wang Zhene's army and failed to break through. Liu Yi went to Kuaien again to break through. Because the soldiers had been fighting for a day and were exhausted, Liu Yicai was able to escape from the east gate of the big city.
Liu Yi defected to Niumu Buddhist Temple. When Huan Wei was defeated, he also went to Niumu Buddhist Temple, where the monk Chang hid Huan Wei, and Liu Yi killed the monk Chang. Even today, Liu Yi has fled to this place, but the monk refused to say, "My late teacher Rong Huanwei was killed by Danfu Liu, but now I dare not tolerate strangers." Liu Yi laments: "If the law is self-defeating, it will be worse" (Zi Zhi Tong Jian Volume 116), so he hanged himself and died. The next day, the people told the Wang Zhene Army to behead them and all their sons and nephews were killed.
In this battle, Wang Zhene took the lead and was shot with five arrows, and the pin he was holding was also shot and broken in his hand. It was not until twenty days after Jiangling was pacified that the large troops arrived. Wang Zhene was awarded the title of Hanshou County in November, with 5 households in the food city.
The leaders of the ethnic minorities in the south occupied Ruantou in Bothigen, and they were often enemies of the Jin court, so Wang Zhene led the army to make a crusade. When he left, Wang Zhene told Sima Xiu, the secretariat of Jingzhou, and asked Sima Xiu to send troops to support him. Sima Xiu sent him to help Wang Zhene.
but there was an accident during the March. The reason is that Qiu Liu Yu was jealous of the reputation of Sima Xiuzhi, the secretariat of Jingzhou, in Jiangling, and hated his son for causing trouble in Kyoto Jiankang (now Nanjing). In the first month of the 11th year of Yixi (415), he arrested Sima Wenbao, the second son of Sima Xiuzhi, and ordered him to commit suicide. At the same time, in the name of Zongzi's cruelty, he sent troops to the west to conquer Sima Xiu. 27, soldiers out of health. In February, Sima Xiu stated the guilt of Emperor Wu of Song in the above book, and dispatch troops met.
At this time, Wang Zhene said to the generals, "The people all know that the official army has gone up, Zhu Xiang and others are thieves again, and we are defeated by the enemy on the outside" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). Wang Zhene led troops to the east overnight, when the river was rushing, and in a twinkling it took hundreds of miles. After arriving, fill the stone with bamboo cages and block the waterway. When Zhu Xiang's army arrived, Wang Zhene led an army to attack him, beheading Zhu Xiang and killing more than a thousand people. However, Wang Zhene's shortcoming was greed. After defeating Zhu Xiang, he took the opportunity to stop the army from raiding the barbarians and failed to return in time. In May, Wang Zhene Jiangling, Sima Xiuzhi had been pacified, and Emperor Wu of Song was very angry and did not summon him on time. Wang Zhene said with a smile, "But once I see the public, I have no worries" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene). Soon, Emperor Wu of Song called Wang Zhene to the city. Wang Zhene is eloquent and known for his eloquence. Then improvise, make the emperor wu of song away. Wang Zhene went out to pursue Sima Xiuzhi and returned to the frontier. Be appointed as a guerrilla general.
At that time, the late Qin Dynasty, established by Yao Chang, an aristocrat of Qiang nationality, always threatened the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After attacking and destroying the separatist forces in Southern Yan and Yizhou, Emperor Wu of Song sought to attack the later Qin Dynasty. In the 12th year of Yixi (416), in the first month, Yao Xing, king of the late Qin Dynasty, sent troops to attack Yongzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was defeated by Zhao Lunzhi, the secretariat of Yongzhou. It provided Jin with an excuse for the Northern Expedition. In February, Yao Xing, the late Lord of Qin, died of illness, Prince Yao Hong ascended the throne, and the brothers fought for each other, causing riots in Guanzhong. In April, the Western Qin Lord begged Fu Chi Pan to invade the Qin border. In June, the Xiongnu tribe in Bingzhou (now northwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province) rallied for rebellion. At the same time, Xia Guo Helian Bobo took the opportunity to arise and disturb the Qin border. As a result, the post-Qin was trapped in internal and external affairs, and its national strength was greatly reduced.
In August, Emperor Wu of Song joined the army with Wang Zhene as the advisor, and General Long Xiang led the vanguard. Before the departure, former general Liu Muzhi met Wang Zhene in Jicrossbow Hall and said to him, "I am eager to leave this legacy behind, and I am determined to go against it. In the past, King Wen of Jin appointed Shu to Wargo, and now he also appointed Qing to Guanzhong, hoping to make great contributions, so don't give it alone. " Wang Zhene said, "If you can't deny Xianyang, you will never help the river again" (Biography of Song Shu and Wang Zhene)!
the Jin army * * * divided into five armies to conquer the post-Qin Dynasty: Wang Zhene and champion general Tan Daoji led the infantry as the vanguard and attacked Xuchang and Luoyang (now Xu Changdong, Henan, and northeast Luoyang) from Huai and Fei. Jianwu generals Shen Linzi and Pengcheng neishi Liu Zunkao led the water army to Shimen (now Xingyang North, Henan Province) and entered the river (now Yellow River) from Bianshui; Point to Luoyang; Zhu Chaoshi, the prefect of Xinye, and Hu Fan, the general of Ningshuo, led their troops from Xiangyang to Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng, Henan Province) to attack Luoyang from the south. Shen Tianzi, the general of Zhenwu, and Fu Hongzhi, the general of Jianwei, led their troops from Xiangyang to Wuguan (now southwest of Shangnan, Shaanxi) to contain the post-Qin Jun in Guanzhong; Wang Zhongde, the secretariat of Jizhou, led the forward armies and opened Juye Ze (now Juye North, Shandong Province) into the river (now Yellow River) through Surabaya.
In September, Wang Zhene and Tan Daoji entered the territory of the post-Qin Dynasty, and they were all successful. The Qin Dynasty sent Wang Gousheng to Wang Zhene to offer lacquer mound (now northeast of Shangqiu, Henan Province), and Xuzhou secretariat Yao Zhang sent Tandaoji to Xiangcheng (now Shenli, Henan Province). Other points of garrison troops, but also hope to surrender. Tan Daoji broke Xincai (now in Henan), executed Dong Zun, the satrap, entered Xuchang, an important town in Central China, and captured Yao Yuan, the satrap of Qin Yingchuan, and Yang Ye, the general.
In October, Wang Zhene and Tandaoji joined forces with Cheng Gao (now northwest of Xingyang). After Qin Dynasty, Yangcheng and Xingyang (now northeast of Xingyang) both fell. Yao Ming, the general of the late Qin Dynasty who was guarding Luoyang, turned to Chang 'an for help. Yao Hong, the master of the late Qin Dynasty, sent Yan Sheng, a captain of Yue Ride, to lead 3, cavalry, and Yao Yinan, the general of Wu Wei, led 1, infantry to help guard. At the same time, Yao Yi, a state shepherd, was sent from Puban (now southwest of Shanxi Shuiji) to Tunshan-Tianjin (namely Maojin, now on the West Yellow River in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province) as backup. Yao Ming, the commander of Luoyang, refused to accept Zhao Xuan's troops and stuck to Jin Yong (now northeast of Luoyang), waiting for the advice of reinforcements, and divided his troops to guard all the dangers: Zhao Xuan, the general of Ningshuo, was ordered to lead more than a thousand men to defend Baiguwu in the south (now southeast of Yanshi, Henan), and General Shi, the general of Guangwu, was not afraid to defend Gongcheng in the east (now southwest of Gongxian, Henan). Soon, the defenders of Chenggao and Hulao (now northwest of Xingyang, Henan) successively fell to Jin. Wang Zhene, Tan Daoji, Shen Linzi, etc. The stone was returned to Luoyang, and Zhao Xuan died. The Jin army advanced on Luoyang, Yao Ming surrendered, and more than 4, people in Qin Jun were captured.
In the 13th year of Yixi (417), Liu Yilong, the son of Emperor Wu of Song, guarded Pengcheng and led the water army to the west from Pengcheng. Liu Yuyuan ordered the forward armies to arrive in Luoyang and wait for the follow-up armies to meet before moving forward; However, when Wang Zhene saw the civil strife in the late Qin Dynasty and the emptiness of Tongguan, he took the opportunity to break away. In February, he pushed on Mianchi (now Luoning West, Henan Province) and sent Sima Mao Dezu to attack Liwu City (now northwest of Luoning, Henan Province) and led his troops to Tongguan. In Mianchi, Wang Zhene visited Li Fang's house, met his mother, and rewarded her handsomely, and appointed Li Fang as Mianchi's order.
when he entered Tongguan, Yao Shao, the general of Qin, refused, and Yao Shao went deep into the ditch to defend himself. Wang Zhene came alone, and the reserve supply was insufficient, so he sent someone to tell Emperor Wu of Song to send food and reinforcements. At that time, Emperor Wu of Song's water army entered the Qinghe River from Huai River, ready to go against the west of the Yellow River. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, due to the loss of the slipway, Emperor Wu of Song refused to borrow the road. Tuoba Si took Situ Changsun Song as the commander of the Shandong military, dispatched Zhen Wei's general E Jie and Jizhou's secretariat A Bogan, and led 1, cavalry to the north bank of the Yellow River. The Northern Wei Dynasty also followed Liu Yujun westward with thousands of cavalry on the north bank of the Yellow River, harassing him from time to time and delaying the Jin army's westward advance. Emperor Wu of Song called the people sent by Wang Zhene, opened the porthole facing north, and pointed to Wei Jun on the shore, saying, "I told you not to enter, but to go in lightly. So on the shore, how can you send troops "("Biography of Song Shu Wang Zhene ")? Wang Zhene then personally went to Hongnong and other places to supervise the civilian rent, and the military food revived.
in March, Tongguan was captured and pursued. Yao Shao led his troops to battle in the late Qin Dynasty and lost more than a thousand soldiers. He retreated to Dingcheng (now Tongguan West) and refused to defend according to the danger. In April, Yao Shao sent a long history of Yao QIA, general An Luan of Ningshuo, Yao Moli, the protector of the army, and Tang Xiaofang, the satrap of Hedong, to lead 2 troops to Jiuyuan (now Xinjiang North, Shanxi Province) north of the Yellow River, and set up a river defense to cut off the food aid of Wang Zhene and Tandaoji, which was broken by Shen Linzi and the soldiers were killed. Yao Shao heard that Yao Qia was defeated and died of illness. Yao Zan, the Duke of Dongping, exercised military power on behalf of Yao Shao, led his troops to attack Shen Linzi, who defeated him.
in August, emperor Wu of song went to Tongguan to discuss the plan of making progress. Wang Zhene asked to lead the water army from the Yellow River into Weishui, pushing Chang 'an, and emperor Wu of song agreed. Wang Zhene's water diversion army entered Weishui from the Yellow River, and Yao Nan, the general of Huiwu in the late Qin Dynasty, rescued Chang 'an from Xiangcheng (now Chaoyi East, Shaanxi Province). Wang Zhene led his troops in pursuit. Yao Hong led troops from Ba Shang back to Tun Shiqiao (now northeast of Luomen, Chang 'an) to help Yao Nan. Yao Qiang, the general of Zhenbei, and Yao Nan met at Jingsheng (now the mouth of Jinghe River entering the nutrient-laden river), and * * * refused Wang Zhene. Wang Zhene sent Mao Dezu to attack and break it. When Yao Qiang died, Yao could not escape to Chang 'an. Yao Zan retreated to Zhengcheng (now Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province). At this point, the emperor wu of song also marched on Qin Jun. Yao Hong sent Yao Pi to guard Wei Bridge (now north of Chang 'an), Hu Yidu, the general of the auxiliary country, to guard the stone product in the northeast of the city, and Yao Zan to guard the east of Ba Shui. Yao Hongze is from Tun Xiaoyao Garden (west of Chang 'an)