Does beginning of autumn mean autumn? Is it autumn in beginning of autumn?
Beginning of autumn is the 13 solar term among the 24 solar terms, with the Beidou bucket handle pointing southwest and the sun reaching the longitude of 135. The festival is celebrated every year from August 7th to 9th in the Gregorian calendar. Beginning of autumn is the first solar term and the starting point of autumn. Autumn begins in the beginning of autumn and ends in beginning of winter, which is the result of celestial movement.
What does the solar term in beginning of autumn mean?
Beginning of autumn's "stand" means the beginning, and "autumn" refers to the maturity of crops. Beginning of autumn means that summer will cool down and autumn will begin. This is a solar term that reflects the season.
According to "Twenty-four solar terms": "Autumn is also contending, and things gather here". Beginning of autumn not only indicates that hot summer is coming, but also autumn is coming. It also means that the vegetation begins to bear fruit and children, and the harvest season is here. At this time, early rice harvesting and late rice transplanting in Central China, autumn crops entered an important growth and development period.
The ancients regarded beginning of autumn as an important moment at the turn of summer and autumn, and always attached great importance to this solar term. According to records, the plane tree planted in the basin was moved into the temple by Li Qiuqiu Palace in the Song Dynasty. It's time for "beginning of autumn". Tai Shigong shouted, "Autumn is here." After the play, the phoenix tree dropped one or two leaves to express autumn.
Beginning of autumn has arrived, but not in autumn. The division of climatic seasons should be based on the "average climate temperature", that is, the local average temperature is below 22℃ for five consecutive days, which is the real autumn. China is a vast country. Although the climate varies from place to place, most of them have not yet entered the autumn climate, and the last days of the dog days are still the third day after beginning of autumn.
Especially in the south of China, this solar term is still a hot summer. At the same time, because the typhoon and rainy season are about to pass and the temperature is even hotter, TCM calls the period from beginning of autumn to the autumnal equinox "long summer".
Is it autumn in beginning of autumn? Beginning of autumn is not the beginning of autumn.
The original intention of autumn means that plants and trees begin to bear fruit and children, while the ancients thought that the solar term in beginning of autumn was the beginning of autumn. According to the standard of dividing seasons in modern climatology, the beginning of autumn is that the average daily temperature drops below 22℃ in the second half of the year. Therefore, there are few "beginning of autumn" areas in autumn in China except the summer-free areas which are connected with winter all the year round and spring and autumn. Qiu Lai's earliest Heilongjiang and northern Xinjiang will also enter autumn in mid-August. Generally speaking, the capital Beijing will begin to enjoy the autumn wind in early September.
According to the change of astronomical phenomena
The traditional method of dividing the four seasons in China is based on the change of astronomical phenomena, with the "four stands" in the 24 solar terms as the starting point of the four seasons. Autumn begins in the beginning of autumn (southwest, 135) and ends in the beginning of winter. Its beginning and end are the result of the operation of celestial bodies, and have nothing to do with human activities. "Li Shu" said: "Dou is the beginning of autumn in the southwest, and Yin is the beginning of all things. According to the instructions of autumn, the grain is ripe. " After beginning of autumn, rainfall, storms, humidity, etc. Is at the turning point of the year; In nature, the qi of yin and yang began to change, and everything began to mature from lush. Seasonal changes reflect the changing laws of climate and phenology.
According to the change of temperature
At present, the four seasons are often divided according to the temperature change, which is divided by the modern scholar Zhang Baokun's "average weather temperature". According to the weather average temperature method, the average daily temperature for five consecutive days is between 10℃ and 22℃, which is regarded as autumn. Zhang Baokun, a modern scholar, combined phenology with agricultural production and put forward a new seasonal standard. At the beginning of winter, the average climate temperature (the average temperature for five consecutive days) drops below 10℃, and at the beginning of summer, it rises above 22℃. Accordingly, when the average temperature rises steadily from below 10℃ to above 10℃, it starts in spring, from above 22℃ to below 22℃, and starts in autumn. This is a modern method to divide the four seasons from the perspective of temperature change.
Characteristics of beginning of autumn
Beginning of autumn means rain, storm, humidity, etc. At the turning point of the year, it tends to decline or decrease. Seasonal changes, rainfall, rainstorm, dry and wet changes in southern China are obvious; In the northern region, these changes are not obvious, but the temperature is obvious. After entering autumn, in nature, the qi of Yin and Yang began to change, everything began to grow from lush to mature, and the climate began to transition from rainy and humid in summer to dry and rainy in autumn. The beginning of autumn does not mean the end of hot weather. As the saying goes, "the summer heat is in dog days", according to the calculation method of "dog days", beginning of autumn is often in dog days until the summer heat, so the weather is still very hot in early autumn, and it will generally get cold after the Millennium solar terms. The watershed of summer heat is in autumn, not at the turn of summer and autumn. The climate in autumn is divided into two stages, the early autumn is sultry, and the climate tends to be dry and cool after the Mid-Autumn Festival. This is a season of alternating hot and cold.