Do you know which nine emperors are Kowloon on the Kowloon Wall in Beijing?

Dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon. Dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon, dragon. Dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon dragon. During the Spring and Autumn Period, dragons were gradually regarded as monarchs. For example, in the Book of Changes, there is a sentence like "See the dragon in the field, benefit the adults, and be virtuous". When the circulation theory of the five elements and the beginning theory of the five elements came into being, and the dragon, as an auspicious symbol, played a role in indicating the legitimacy of some kind of rule, the dragon had a direct connection with the monarch. In the documents formed after the Spring and Autumn Period, ancient rulers such as Huangdi, Yao, Shun and Yu were all said to be related to dragons. Qin Shihuang was once called "Zulong". According to Records of the Historian, in the thirty-sixth year of the King of Qin (265,438+065,438+0 years ago), an envoy of the State of Qin crossed Pingshu Road in Huayin at night. Someone stopped the envoy with a piece of jade and said, "Please give this jade to Chi Jun (the water god)." Then he said, "Zulong died this year." The messenger wanted to ask clearly, but the person suddenly disappeared, leaving only the jade on the ground. The messenger brought the Great Wall back and reported the matter to Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang was silent for a long time before he said, "What Uber can predict is only within one year." After retiring from the DPRK, he said, "Zulong refers to human ancestors." Also called the ancient empire to look at the jade, and found that it was the one that Qin Shihuang sank into the river to pray for blessings when crossing the river eight years ago. Later generations believed that this was because Qin was cruel and heartless, and God no longer blessed Qin's rule. He sent a demonized human figure to return the jade jade enshrined by Qin Shihuang as a sign of not sheltering, and asked the emissary to send this wall to a sage like Zhou Wuwang to crusade against the State of Qin and replace it. Zulong refers to Qin Shihuang. Later generations have a poem about Qin Shihuang's burning of books: "Bamboo, silk and smoke make the imperial industry empty, the river closes the ancestral house locked, the ashes are not cold, and Dongshan is chaotic." Liu Xiang didn't study. " The ancestor dragon here also refers to Qin Shihuang. As the name of the emperor, dragon, in other words, appeared in the early Han Dynasty. Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, first painted himself with a mysterious color with dragons. According to Records of the Emperor Gaozu, Liu Bang's father is Taigong and his mother is Liu. Liu rested on Ozawa's hillside and met the man of God in his dream. At this time, it was thunderous and dark. When Dagong went to see it, he saw Yi Long attached to Liu. Soon Liu became pregnant and gave birth to Liu Bang. Lius Pongoh has a nose and a beard, and there are 72 black diseases on his left thigh. He often drank on credit before he became rich. When he was drunk, a dragon coiled around him. Obviously, this is a story fabricated for deifying Liu Bang, with strong utilitarian intention. After Liu Bang was the initiator, emperors of past dynasties also understood the mystery, and all of them used abacus as monarchs to deify themselves. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was much more powerful than Liu Bang in the imperial power of dragons. In particular, he believed in the five elements theory and the alchemist's skill, and firmly believed that the dragon was the Rui emperor. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there were dozens of disturbances caused by Long Rui's character. Breaking the river is considered as the wrath of the dragon, and the Longyuan Palace was built to respect the dragon. Some people worship rhinoceros, thinking that Kirin appears; Someone presented a different horse, and he took it as a dragon horse. He believes that thousands of alchemists can be sent to seek immortality and collect Chinese medicine. Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was ordered to "gather four barbarians in the wild, and fire will be king in April and July". When Emperor Taizong was 4 years old. Some scholars called him "the dragon and phoenix, the sun, the crown of his age, will help the world and the people", and later he disappeared, so he changed his name to Li Shimin. Zhao Kuangyin and Song Taizu, wearing yellow robes, gained the power of the later Zhou Dynasty, and they should deify themselves to avoid public criticism. So when he was king of Yizhou and guarding Jingzhou, a black dragon jumped on his boat. With all this, history is a book. The dragon became the embodiment of the emperor and the symbol of authority. Some words with the word dragon became the special words of the emperor, such as "Dragonfly" when the emperor ascended the throne, "Long Qian" when the emperor was not enthroned or in the people (mostly referring to the founding king), "Longxing" when the new dynasty was established, "Long Yan" when the emperor appeared and "Yulong Tian Bin" when he died. In addition, some emperors were keen on taking dragons as titles. According to the statistics of researchers, in the history of China, there were no fewer than 20 monarchs with dragons as their titles, but ironically, most of them have declined or even died. Dragons can't help them. An outstanding performance of emperors using dragons is the control and monopoly of dragon patterns. This is mainly reflected in the use of dragon clothing. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, officials under Jiuqing were no longer qualified to wear clothes with dragon patterns. In the Yuan Dynasty, not only ordinary people were not allowed to wear clothes with dragon and phoenix patterns, but also shops in the city streets were not allowed to weave and sell fabrics with dragon and phoenix patterns. Offenders will be arrested and severely punished except for articles without officials. However, due to the long-term popularity of dragon patterns, the rulers could not completely ban them for a while, so they adopted a flexible method, that is, dragon patterns with two horns and five claws were dedicated to the emperor, and other dragon patterns with three claws and four claws could be used for civilian use. The Ming Dynasty imitated the previous generation, forbidding the folk dragon pattern, and stipulated the pattern of ministers' court clothes at the same time. In contrast, the Qing dynasty was relatively relaxed, stipulating that officials of civil and military departments could wear pythons, but the number and color of pythons were different. In addition to the emperor's special color (bright yellow), dragon objects are generally not prohibited. The costumes of emperors in previous dynasties were extremely gorgeous, and dragon patterns were abused to show the authority of emperors. Take the costumes of Ming and Qing emperors as an example. The emperor's robe is Huang Shang, a mysterious costume decorated with 12 pattern, which is called Twelve Chapters. The clothing weaves the insects of the sun, the moon, the stars, the mountains, the dragons and China from top to bottom, and the petticoat embroiders the Zong Yi from top to bottom (originally meant as a sacrificial vessel, there are two animal shapes: a tiger and a pheasant. Here refers to the patterns of two animals), algae, fire, pink rice (white rice pattern), horseshoe crab (black and white axe pattern) and salamander (black and blue pattern). Kneepads are the same color as petticoats, embroidered with dragon, fire and mountain patterns. Among the twelve chapters, the dragon pattern is the most prominent, and the others are just embellishments. In the Ming Dynasty, besides twelve chapters, there were twelve dragons in the imperial robes of emperors. The emperor's other clothes also try to be "dragons", which can be said to be covered with dragons, even the queen's royal clothes are covered with dragons. The feudal emperor monopolized the dragon pattern in order to strengthen autocratic rule and make his authority unchallenged. Therefore, any dragon's offense is often regarded by the monarch as an offense to the autocratic imperial power, which may lead to great disaster. Han Feizi once said that although the dragon is sometimes athletic and can play with it, it has scales under its neck. When it touches the scale, the dragon will turn against others and kill people. Han Feizi believes that a king should have a lamella. Emperors of past dynasties deified themselves as real dragon emperors, and naturally inherited the dragon's lamella. Infringement of autocratic imperial power, including showing disrespect for dragons, may be severely punished and lead to genocide. Therefore, the great poet Li Bai lamented in The Raptor: "If you have a plan, you dare not violate Longlin and flee to the south to avoid Chen Hu." Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the feudal imperial power in China reached its peak, which was extremely inflated, and the emperors were suspicious. Intentionally or unintentionally offending the imperial power was Long Lin's behavior, which resulted in a series of bloody cases and literary inquisitions. Painters in Ming Dynasty are famous for painting landscapes, flowers and birds. During the Hongwu period, they served the court and the emperor. He was ordered to draw a screen wall for a temple and a picture of "the jellyfish back of Lapras". As a result, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the execution of Sheng on the charge of "not calling the purpose". Zhu Yuanzhang was of humble origin and extremely suspicious. It is likely that he thought that the dragon riding in this painting was a mockery of him, so he created this unjust case. Twenty years after the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1756), Hu Zhongzao, a bachelor of cabinet, presided over the study of politics in Guangxi, and took a sentence from the Book of Changes, saying that "it is not as dry as a dragon". As a result, it was accused of low destruction and prosperity. Because the dragon is homophonic with the dragon, it implies that it is not the real dragon emperor, so it is found guilty. After he went to prison, he followed the trail and found that there was a sentence like "a heart is turbid" in Hu's poem, so he put Hu Zhongzao to death. Because the dragon culture has a long history, the functions, forms and types of dragons are diverse, and the dragon culture has deeply penetrated into all levels of society in the process of development, so it is impossible for autocratic emperors to monopolize dragons absolutely. On the contrary, the reckless behavior of emperors aroused people's antipathy, and there was hatred and denial of dragons, resulting in poisonous dragons. The dragon theory. Longlong was originally a Buddhist scripture, referring to the dragon that harmed people. Because of the precepts, it had an epiphany, endured all kinds of hardships, and even died, and finally became a Buddha. But people use this concept mainly to refer to the dragon that harms people or the evil thoughts that harm people. Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote: "Singing a stream on a curved stone, the pine trees adjust the sun, and approaching the pool at dusk, thinking that you can lower the dragon." The so-called dragon is the dragon of disaster. It turns out that in ancient times, dragons represented Heaven Emperor as rewards and punishments, but disasters were gradually called "the evil of dragons and snakes", so they were called demon dragons and evil dragons. According to legend, Qin Libing was in charge of Shu County, and Shu was flooded many times, and dragons ate people. Li Bing and his son Jiro surrendered to the dragon and locked it on the river, so the flood stopped. The legendary Erlang God and the Seven Saints of Meishan came from this. The dragon refers not only to the cruel dragon that caused floods and endangered people, but also to the tyrants in history, such as Xia Jie and Qin Shihuang. The condemnation of the dragon evil dragon reflects the people's dissatisfaction and resistance to the autocratic imperial power in history. In addition to this direct criticism, people also laugh at and curse dragons in literary works. For example, in Romance of Gods and The Journey to the West, there is a chapter on "What makes the sea noisy". The author not only called the Dragon King an "old loach" by Nezha's mouth, but also designed the plot that Nezha killed the Dragon Prince and exposed the scale cramp, which reflected the people's intention in a tortuous way. The most direct denial of The Real Dragon Emperor is the blazing flame of the peasant revolution. Before the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Dragon was attached to the Emperor, and the Huang Uprising shouted the slogan "Heaven should stand when it dies". The peasant uprising in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom led by Hong Xiuquan in modern times called the Qing emperor a "snake demon" and claimed that the real dragon emperor of the feudal class was replaced by the real dragon emperor of the peasants. He wrote a poem, expressing his ambition: holding the power to kill Gan Kun, killing demons, keeping people hanging, keeping his eyes on the mountains and rivers in the northwest, and shaking the sun and moon in the southeast. However, if you show your paws, you won't think this is a small cloud road. Why are you afraid of being biased? The wind and snow excite three thousand waves, which is as easy as a dragon. When the democratic revolution won and the feudal monarchy was overthrown, the dragon, as a symbol of imperial power, went to the end and became a cultural relic.