What is the last sentence that pedestrians want to lose their souls most when it rains in the Qingming Festival?
Source of works
Tomb-Sweeping Day is a poem by Du Mu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty.
This poem, written in the drizzle of a clear spring, has been widely read because of its light color and cold artistic conception. The first sentence explains the scene, environment and atmosphere; The second sentence describes the characters, expressing their grief, anger and confusion. The third sentence puts forward how to get rid of this mentality; The fourth sentence, writing answers with actions, is the highlight of the whole article. The whole poem adopts the technique of rising from low to high, with the climax at the end, which is memorable and intriguing.
original work
Qingming Festival
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy just laughed and didn't answer Xingshan Village.
Sentence annotation
⑴ Qingming: one of the 24 solar terms, around April 5 in the solar calendar. On the day of the old custom, there were activities such as sweeping graves, hiking and inserting willows. In the palace, this day is the swing festival. Put swings in the Palace of Kunning and the harem, and make swings for concubines.
(2) more descriptions.
⑶ desire to break the soul: describe extreme sadness, as if the soul were to be separated from the body. Broken soul: looks sad and unhappy. The meaning of these two sentences is that there are many rains in the Qingming period, and it is fluttering; In this weather and this festival, pedestrians on the road are depressed and upset.
(4) Excuse me: Excuse me.
5] Xinghua Village: a village deep in apricot flowers. Today is outside Xiushan Gate in Guichi, Anhui Province. Influenced by this poem, later generations often take "Xinghua Village" as the hotel name.
Translation of works
During the Qingming Festival in the south of the Yangtze River, the drizzle drifted one after another, and all the passengers on the road were down and out.
Where can local people buy wine to drown their sorrows? The shepherd boy just smiled and pointed to Xinghuashan Village.
Creation background
This poem was first recorded in the Splendid Flower Valley in the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, and later appeared in Selected Poems of Thousand Scholars in Tang and Song Dynasties, Poems of Thousand Scholars by Xie Fangde in Ming Dynasty and Poems of Imperial Selection in Tang Dynasty by Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. "Jiangnan Tongzhi" contains: Du Mu once went to Xinghua Village to drink when he was the secretariat of Chizhou, which is what the poem refers to. There are attractions such as Duhu Lake and Southeast Lake nearby.
works appreciation
This day is Tomb-Sweeping Day. The poet Du Mu happened to get caught in the rain during his trip. Qingming Festival, although it is a season with colorful flowers and bright spring, is also a period when the climate is prone to change, and it often catches up with "noisy weather". As early as the Liang Dynasty, it was recorded that during the Cold Food Festival in Tomb-Sweeping Day two days ago, "strong winds and continuous rain" often occurred. If it rains on Qingming Day, there is also a special name called "pouring rain on fire". The poet Du Mu met such a day.
The poet used the word "one after another" to describe the "pouring rain" that day, which was really great. "One after another", if described by snow, should be heavy snow. The so-called "one after another, heavy snow falls in succession". But when it rains, the situation is just the opposite. It is not the heavy rain that makes people feel "one after another", but the rain in Mao Mao. This rain in Mao Mao is the characteristic of spring rain. There is a lot of rain in Mao Mao, which is the kind of rain that is "like crisp rain in the sky". It is different from the torrential rain in summer, and it is by no means the same as the intermittent autumn rain. This song "After the Rain" just captures the spirit of Tomb-Sweeping Day's "pouring fire on the rain" and conveys the beautiful realm of "being a cold bully, having a bright future and another village".
This "one after another" is naturally a description of the artistic conception of spring rain; But it's more than that. It also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the mood of travelers in the rain.
The following sentence: "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." A pedestrian is a person who travels away from home. "Pedestrians" does not mean "tourists", not people who have a spring outing. "Soul" is not the soul of "three souls and seven spirits". In poetry, "soul" mainly refers to spiritual and emotional things. "Soul-breaking" refers to trying to describe the feelings hidden in the heart, which are very strong, but not clearly expressed outside, such as love, disappointment, dark sorrow and deep hatred for acacia. When poets have such emotions, they often like to use the word "broken soul" to express their feelings.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, in the ancient sense, is not completely equivalent to today's concept. At that time, Tomb-Sweeping Day was a big festival with rich colors and emotional appeal. It should have been family reunion, sightseeing or grave-sweeping, which is the main etiquette and custom. In addition to those childe Wang Sun and others who are greedy for flowers and wine, some thoughtful poets, especially those with rich feelings, have quite complicated feelings. If you catch up with the lonely road again and feel sad, it will be easier to stir his heart. It happened that we caught up with one rain after another in Mao Mao, and the shirts in spring were all wet, adding another layer of sadness to pedestrians. In this way, we can understand why the poet wrote the word "broken soul" at this juncture; Otherwise, a little rain is worth "breaking the soul", which is too unreasonable.
Let's go back to the word "one after another". People who used to travel on holidays already have a lot on their minds. In addition, they are scattered in the wind and rain, walking in the rain, making their mood more miserable. So they all describe spring rain, but they can also describe emotions; It can even be said that the description of spring rain is to describe emotions. This is a must in China's classical poetry, a kind of scenery.
The first two sentences explain the situation and the problem has also occurred. We need to find a solution. Pedestrians can't help thinking at this moment: where to find a small hotel. The matter is clear: find a small hotel, rest your feet and take shelter from the rain; Second, drink three cups to relieve the cold in spring and warm clothes wet by rain; Most importantly, it can also dispel my sadness. So, ask someone for directions.
In the third sentence, the poet didn't say who he asked for directions. The mystery lies in the fourth sentence: "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village". Grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is also the object of the previous sentence "I'm sorry"-it complements both sides of the previous question and answer. Whether the shepherd boy answers is unknown, but taking "action" as the answer is more vivid and powerful than the answer. For example, in the drama Cowboy, when someone asked the shepherd boy for directions, he pointed with his hand and said, "Follow my hand!" " Even the answer with action-that is, even the "music" with "pictures", both of which allow the viewer to enjoy the beauty at the same time; Now the poet's technique is simpler and more superb: he only gives the reader "pictures" and omits "music"
"Yao" literally means far. But we can't stick to the literal meaning everywhere, thinking that Xinghua Village must be far away from here. This finger has made readers feel as if they have seen the end of an apricot, and clearly picked out a wine curtain-"Wine Hope". If it is really far away, it is difficult to have an artistic connection. If it is really in front of you, you will lose endless interest: beauty is not far away. In the Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions, there is a place named "Apricot Curtain in Sight" by Jingzi. The expression of "In Sight" comes from this experience, which is just a footnote for Du Lang's sentence. The shepherd boy in Little Cowherd also said, "I'm here, pointing, ... there are several families on the high slope in front of me, and there is a big sign hanging on the willow tree." Then he called the female guest "You want to eat the good wine in Xinghua Village", which is also from here. "Xinghua Village" is not necessarily the real village name, nor does it necessarily refer to restaurants. It is enough to point to this beautiful village in the depths of apricot blossoms. It goes without saying that there is a small hotel waiting to receive guests walking in the rain.
Not only that. In real life, asking the way is just a means, the purpose is to really get to the hotel and have a drink, which is one thing. In poetry, this is unnecessary. It just said "pointing to Xinghua Village" and came to an abrupt end without saying a word. The rest, how happy pedestrians are when they hear the news, how to take a step forward, how to find a hotel with excitement, how to be gratified to get the satisfaction and satisfaction of shelter from the wind and rain and sorrow ... These poets can "ignore". He left all this behind and left it to the readers to imagine and let them seek understanding. He just introduces the realm of a poem to readers, but he is not responsible for guiding the panorama; On the other hand, he opened a wider imagination space for readers than the Chinese words in poetry. This is the inexhaustible nature of art.
This is the enjoyment of poets and readers, this is art, and this is where China's classical poems are particularly good at playing. The ancients once said that a good poem can be "like a scene that is difficult to write, such as in front of us;" Endless meaning lies in words. "Take this poem" Qingming Festival "for example. In a sense, it is well-deserved.
This little poem, without any difficult words and allusions, is written in very popular language and has no trace of management. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and the realm is beautiful and interesting. Poetry is also natural in style and written in order. The first sentence explains the scene, environment and atmosphere, which is "on"; The second sentence is "Cheng", which describes the characters and shows their sad and confused mentality. The third sentence is "turn", but it also puts forward how to get rid of this mentality; This directly forced out the fourth sentence and became the highlight of the whole article-"he". In art, this is a technique from low to high, gradually rising, and the climax is at the end. The so-called climax is not an unobstructed view, but an intriguing aftertaste. These are the highlights of the poet, which are worth learning and inheriting by future generations.
Famous comments
A Thousand Poems: This poem was written by Rains in the Qingming Festival. Tourists get wet in the rain. They are exhausted and suffer heavy losses. Disturbed, I thought about going to the restaurant for a while and failed. So when I saw the shepherd boy, when I went to the restaurant, I looked at the depths of the apricot flowers and motioned.
Brief introduction of the author
Du Mu (803- 852 AD) was born in Fanchuan, Han nationality, Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). Du Mu was an outstanding poet and essayist in Tang Dynasty, the grandson of Du You, the prime minister, and the son of Du You. Tang Wenzong Daiwa was a 26-year-old scholar in the second year and was awarded the post of Hong Wen Pavilion. Later, he went to Jiangxi to inspect the ambassador's tent, and then turned to Huainan to inspect the ambassador's tent. He was the editor of the National History Museum, the food department, Bibi department and Si Xun, and the secretariat of Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu.
Because he lived in South Fan Chuan Villa in Chang 'an in his later years, he was later called "Du Fanchuan" and wrote "Collected Works of Fan Chuan". Du Mu's poems are famous for their seven-character quatrains, and the main content is to chant history and express emotion. His poems are handsome and natural, and cut into secular things. He achieved great success in the late Tang Dynasty. Du Mu is called "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu and "Da Du". Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin.