What are the main contributions of coal burning to pm2.5?
4. In 2065.438+02, the national primary emission of PM2.5 was 6.5438+0.203 million tons, among which industrial processes and civil sources contributed the most, accounting for nearly 60% of the emission contribution (mainly concentrated in electric power, heating and industrial boilers); The main contributions of civilian sources to the main PM2.5 emissions are coal, straw, firewood and other biomass fuels.
5. The contribution range of China's coal use to the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in eight major smog-polluted provinces and cities in the east is: Beijing 44%-54%, Tianjin 50%-60%, Hebei 52%-62%, Shanghai 53%-63%, Jiangsu 53%-63% and Zhejiang 55%-65%.
6. The transportation of PM2.5 between provinces in China has significantly improved the mass concentration of PM2.5, and Hainan, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jilin and Jiangxi provinces are greatly affected by the transportation outside the province. The contribution of external sources to the average annual concentration of PM 2.5 has exceeded 48%, reaching at most 7 1%. As the transmission source of PM2.5, the provinces that have made significant contributions to the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in the receiving provinces include Beijing and Tianjin.
The most important conclusion of this report is that the use of coal is the main cause of air pollution.
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The main contributions of coal combustion to pm2.5 are dust, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
In addition to the main pollutants of the above four kinds of coal-fired boilers, some small boilers emit black smoke with carbon black and a lot of carbon monoxide. These pollutants constitute the main components of PM2.5 (inhalable particulate matter). At the same time, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide will also cause secondary pollution, that is, sulfur dioxide will mix with water vapor to form acid rain after entering the atmosphere, and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide will also destroy the ozone layer, cause the greenhouse effect, and bring incalculable disasters to the earth.
Smog control is closely related to energy conservation and emission reduction, which is reflected in personal life. It is necessary to develop economical living habits, buy energy-saving household appliances as much as possible, and reduce the use of household appliances; Reflected in the production of enterprises, it is necessary to upgrade and improve the production process, consume less energy and use more clean energy; Reflected in traffic, it is necessary to drive less, promote the use of clean fuels such as natural gas, and improve automobile emission standards and fuel standards.
The large-scale growth of cars is one of the main reasons for the aggravation of haze weather. Make an emergency plan in the case of heavy polluted weather, and define the conditions and procedures for starting emergency response and the division of responsibilities of * * * departments. For example, establish a prediction model of air quality pollution and release the pollution situation to the public in time; During the haze weather, enterprises with heavy air pollution take measures to stop production and limit production according to specific conditions.
The whole people must participate in the control of smog
"Everyone hates smog, but everyone is also the maker of smog." Chen Shiqiang, member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, vice chairman of the Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce and chairman of Henan Hongchang Group Corporation, said.
"Controlling smog is not only a matter of * * * and enterprises, but also requires the participation of the whole people." Chen Shiqiang believes that smog control is closely related to energy conservation and emission reduction, which is reflected in personal life. It is necessary to develop economical living habits, buy energy-saving household appliances as much as possible, and reduce the use of household appliances; Reflected in the production of enterprises, it is necessary to upgrade and improve the production process, consume less energy and use more clean energy; Reflected in traffic, it is necessary to drive less, promote the use of clean fuels such as natural gas, and improve automobile emission standards and fuel standards.
Strictly control the growth rate of automobiles.
Yan, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and dean of henan university of economics and law Law School, said that statistics show that in Zhengzhou PM2.5, construction dust, soil dust and road dust account for 28%, and motor vehicle exhaust emissions account for 36%; Source carbon, biomass combustion source and secondary air pollutants are about 21%; About 15% comes from regional transmission.
"It can be seen that the large-scale growth of automobiles is one of the main reasons for the aggravation of haze weather. Make an emergency plan in the case of heavy polluted weather, and define the conditions and procedures for starting emergency response and the division of responsibilities of * * * departments. For example, establish a prediction model of air quality pollution and release the pollution situation to the public in time; During the haze weather, enterprises with heavy air pollution take measures to stop production and limit production according to specific conditions. (Tips: Travel in foggy days/cats have Puweixin imported from the United States to help you)
It will be produced. The source of pm2.5 mainly comes from man-made emissions, such as the burning of fossil fuels (coal, gasoline and diesel), the burning of biomass (straw and firewood) and garbage incineration. The main gaseous pollutants converted into PM2.5 in the air are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia and volatile organic compounds. Other anthropogenic sources include road dust, construction dust, industrial dust and kitchen smoke. Natural sources include dust in the air, volcanic ash, forest fires, floating sea salt, pollen, fungal spores and bacteria.
What are the main contributions of coal burning to PM2.5? 1. For SO2, nitrogen oxides, soot, primary PM2.5, Hg and other major air pollutants, direct coal combustion and industries directly related to coal consumption contributed more than half of the emissions, and direct coal combustion contributed nearly 80% to SO2, which was the highest among several pollutants. 2. The primary emissions of PM2.5, SO2 and nitrogen oxides caused by coal combustion account for 62%, 93% and 70% of the total pollutant emissions in China respectively. 3. The contribution of coal use to the national average air PM2.5 concentration is estimated to be between 5 1%-6 1%, with an average of 56%. Among them, about 60% of PM2.5 is produced by direct combustion of coal, and about 40% of PM2.5 is emitted by key industries accompanying coal use.
4. In 2065.438+02, the national primary emission of PM2.5 was 6.5438+0.203 million tons, among which industrial processes and civil sources contributed the most, accounting for nearly 60% of the emission contribution (mainly concentrated in electric power, heating and industrial boilers); The main contributions of civilian sources to the main PM2.5 emissions are coal, straw, firewood and other biomass fuels.
5. The contribution range of China's coal use to the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in eight major smog-polluted provinces and cities in the east is: Beijing 44%-54%, Tianjin 50%-60%, Hebei 52%-62%, Shanghai 53%-63%, Jiangsu 53%-63% and Zhejiang 55%-65%.
6. The transportation of PM2.5 between provinces in China has significantly improved the mass concentration of PM2.5, and Hainan, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jilin and Jiangxi provinces are greatly affected by the transportation outside the province. The contribution of external sources to the average annual concentration of PM 2.5 has exceeded 48%, reaching at most 7 1%. As the transmission source of PM2.5, the provinces that have made significant contributions to the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in the receiving provinces are Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and other 15 provinces.
The most important conclusion of this report is that the use of coal is the main cause of air pollution.
(Tips: Puweixin imported from the United States can reduce smog inhalation when traveling in Daijing @ Dongyou)
Everyone knows what evolution theory Darwin contributed.
What are the contributions of industrial emissions to pm2.5? The ways of discharging air pollutants in industrial processes can be divided into two categories, namely, organized emissions through exhaust pipes and unorganized emissions that escape during the process. Organized emissions mainly refer to industrial kiln emissions. Different from industrial boilers that simply burn coal to produce hot water or steam, coal and raw materials in industrial kilns are often mixed and heated to achieve the purpose of heating and reacting raw materials. Both coal and raw materials contribute to the particulate matter emitted from kilns. Unorganized emission mainly includes dust emission during the transportation and crushing of raw materials or products, and the escape of pollutants such as solvent volatilization in industrial processes.
The industrial production process will directly and indirectly discharge PM2.5 into the ambient atmosphere. Among the direct emission sources of PM2.5, the industrial sectors that make great contributions are mainly metallurgy, building materials and chemicals, especially coking, steel, nonferrous metals, cement, bricks and tiles. The PM2.5 emissions from these industrial sources are closely related to their technical level and management level.
Industrial emission sources are also important sources of gas pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds.
2.5 refers to dust, where there is more dust in industry, it generally refers to chemical pollutants.
Small particles floating in the air, especially near chemical plants, have worse air quality.
Visibility is also low.