Meteorological Knowledge Competition Questions 2011 Meteorological Knowledge Competition Questions
2011 Meteorological Knowledge Contest Questions
1. What is road icing
Road icing warning signals are divided into three levels, namely yellow, orange and red. express.
Yellow warning for road icing: When the road surface temperature is below 0℃ and precipitation occurs, road icing that may affect traffic may occur within 12 hours. Orange warning for road icing: When the road surface temperature is below 0°C and precipitation occurs, road icing may occur within 6 hours, which will have a great impact on traffic. Road icing red warning: When the road surface temperature falls below 0°C and precipitation occurs, road icing may occur or has already occurred within 2 hours, which has a great impact on traffic.
2. How should students deal with icy roads?
Students should pay attention to icy roads:
(1) Pedestrians should beware of slippery roads and falls when going out, and try their best to Don't go out, especially ride your bike as little as possible.
(2) Drivers should take anti-skid measures (such as installing anti-skid chains), pay attention to road conditions, drive slowly and safely, and must obey the instructions of the traffic police.
(3) Pedestrians should stay away from or avoid motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles.
(4) Educate children not to play on icy playgrounds or open spaces. Instruct the elderly not to walk or exercise in icy areas. Be careful of falling when you go out for a walk. Anti-skid for cycling. < /p>
Climate change may be caused by natural internal processes, external forcing, or ongoing man-made changes in atmospheric composition and land use.
5. What are the consequences of global warming
(1) The climate becomes warmer, glaciers melt, sea levels will rise, causing coastal tidal wetlands, mangroves and The loss of coral reefs and other ecological groups, coastal erosion, seawater intrusion into coastal underground freshwater layers, and coastal land salinization have caused imbalances in the natural ecological environment of coasts, estuaries, and bays, and have brought great disaster to the coastal ecological environment.
(2) The water area increases. More water is evaporating, the rainy season is lengthening, and floods are becoming more frequent. The chance of flooding increases, the extent and severity of storm impacts increases, and the life of reservoir dams shortens.
(3) Rising temperatures may melt the ice and snow in the Antarctic Peninsula and the Arctic Ocean. Polar bears and walruses will gradually become extinct.
(4) Many small islands will disappear without a trace;
(5) Due to the effect of thermal inertia, existing greenhouse gases will continue to affect our lives .
(6) Rising temperature will affect human fertility. Sperm activity decreases with rising temperature...
(7) Changes in the original ecosystem.
(8) For those in the production field, such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and other departments...
(9) Infectious diseases and other infectious diseases... germs will pass through extreme Weather and climate events (El Niño, drought, floods, heat waves, etc....) will expand the epidemic and harm human health...
6. How should individuals respond to climate change
7. Why do some ancient rivers disappear now?
First, there are natural reasons, such as changes in climate and tectonic plates, and there are also some thought reasons, perhaps because those rivers always The flow must be diverted or intercepted due to flooding or other reasons.
8. What is "Devil City" and how it was formed?
Devil City is located in a wilderness in the Wuheer region of Xinjiang, my country. In the wilderness of this area, there are ancient castles of different sizes and scattered in an orderly manner. Whenever a strong wind blows, countless miserable sounds will be heard in the castle, like howling ghosts and wolves, which is creepy and creepy, hence the name "Devil City".
Reasons for formation: Wuheer area is at the mouth of a strong wind. Strong winds blow here all year round, causing the rocks here to be subject to strong wind erosion. Those platform-shaped highlands are continuously eroded by strong winds. , gradually formed ravines and depressions, while some other island-shaped hills turned into shapes such as stone piers or pillars, so "castles", "mushrooms", and "pillars" were formed on this originally empty wilderness. ” and other strange landforms, people also call this landform the typical Yadan landform.
9. What are greenhouse gases? Greenhouse gases include those substances
10. Do you know what a solar halo is? What is his relationship with the weather
11. Do you know where the "Hail Tower" is?
12. Do you know how old the Central Meteorological Observatory has been?
13. What is short-term climate prediction? What methods are there?
The World Meteorological Organization stipulates that monthly or quarterly climate predictions within one year are called short-term climate predictions.
14. Please list the top ten domestic weather and climate events in 2010 (6)
The severe drought in autumn, winter and spring broke the meteorological record in southwest China; a huge flash flood and debris flow disaster occurred in Zhouqu, Gansu ; The most severe snow disaster in the history of meteorological records occurred in northern Xinjiang; 14 heavy rainfalls hit in turn, and the flood situation in the south was severe; Northeast and North China had sustained low temperatures in winter and spring that have been rare for 40 years; Hainan experienced heavy rainfall in October that was rare for the same period since 1961; Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, etc. Frequent mudslides and landslides occurred during the ground flood season; early summer in the Northeast was hot, with the highest temperature reaching 40 degrees Celsius; in March, a rare early flood occurred in the south of the Yangtze River; strong sandstorms swept across 21 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in my country.
15. Please list the top ten foreign weather and climate events in 2010 (6)
India suffered from severe high temperature and drought, with the highest temperature approaching 50℃; a rare cold wave and snowstorm continued to freeze the "Northern Hemisphere" "; The most severe high temperature and drought in the past 40 years triggered forest fires in Russia; high temperature and heat waves swept many countries in the northern hemisphere; strong storm "Singa" swept across Europe; large-scale mudslides claimed hundreds of lives in Uganda; severe avalanches frequently ravaged central and southern Asia; the worst in the past 81 years Severe rainstorms and floods killed nearly 1,800 people in Pakistan; in 2010, the world's strongest typhoon "Megi" swept through Southeast Asia; heavy rainstorms in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil set a record.
16. Are snowfall amounts and snow depth the same? Please tell the difference
17. What is dry cold airflow
18. What is the principle of Doppler weather radar
The theoretical basis of Doppler weather radar is Doppler effect of electromagnetic waves. The so-called Doppler effect means that when the wave source moves relative to the observer, the frequency of the signal received by the observer is different from the frequency emitted by the wave source, and the difference between the transmitting frequency and the receiving frequency is related to the speed of the wave source movement. The frequency change caused by the Doppler effect is called Doppler frequency shift or Doppler frequency. In radar systems, this Doppler frequency shift is manifested as a phase change in successive pulses. Compared with conventional weather radar, the biggest advantage of Doppler weather radar is the Doppler effect, which can obtain the velocity field of atmospheric motion, and the detection sensitivity and detection capability are significantly enhanced.
19. Who was the weather forecaster at the Founding Ceremony
Zhang Yan
20. How are thunder clouds formed
21. What is meteorological scenery? It is related to those meteorological factors
22. Why does the air temperature change
23. The unit for expressing temperature in our country is degrees Celsius. So how many degrees Celsius and how many degrees Celsius, which one is correct
24. When did the weather forecast first appear on TV
25. What is extreme weather? What are the extreme weather events that have occurred frequently in my country in recent years
26. Is climate related to people’s appearance? Please give one or two examples
27. What role did the transmitter play in the early weather?
28. Can you tell the pros and cons of a warm winter
29. What causes glaciers to form?
30. What does the IPCC refer to? What is its function?
31. What does the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change include?
32. Can frostbite be prevented by wearing more clothes?
33. Can drinking alcohol protect you from the cold?
34. Is it warmer to wear three pieces of clothing, or three pieces of clothing and one thick piece of clothing? Why?
35. What is the urban heat island effect?
36. How was the Flame Mountain formed?
37. Can you tell the climate characteristics of the Flame Mountain area?
38. When people are exposed to specific natural environments and meteorological conditions, they not only feel refreshed and beneficial to health, but also have an auxiliary effect on the treatment of certain diseases
Can you name three conditions for meteorological healing?
39. What types of meteorological satellites are currently available?
40. In weather forecasts, when forecasting wind strength, we often hear winds of level 3 to level 4 and gusts of level 5. Do you know what kind of wind the gust here represents?
41. Do you know what kind of precipitation sporadic light rain represents?
42. Thunder and lightning are a common weather phenomenon in summer. The amount of thunder and lightning also varies in different areas. In order to understand the laws of thunder and lightning activities, meteorologists often use thunder and lightning days to express the number of lightning occurrences. How are thunder and lightning days counted?
43. What are the characteristics of meteorological landscapes?
44. Crop growth is closely related to meteorological conditions. Do you know why apples from Shandong Peninsula are so delicious?
The Shandong Peninsula has suitable climate characteristics, with warm and humid summers, sufficient sunshine, fertile soil and hilly landforms, which are particularly suitable for the growth of fruit trees. The red Fuji apples produced in the Shandong Peninsula are large, crisp and sweet, and have a good taste. This is the reason why Shandong Peninsula apples are so popular!
45. What is numerical prediction?
46. In addition to being affected by temperature, evaporation is also affected by meteorological factors.
47. What is the "Bali Road Map"? What is his mark?
48. Meteorologically, what is the definition of road ice?
49. Are snowfall amount and snow depth the same thing?
50. What meteorological factors are related to snow depth?
51. What are the primary meteorological factors that affect human comfort?
52. What meteorological elements are related to the human body’s feeling of hot and cold?
53. What does body temperature refer to?
The somatosensory temperature refers to the ambient temperature felt by the human body. It mainly considers the correction of wind, humidity, sunshine and clothing color to the temperature measured by the blinds. If the somatosensory temperature is higher than the air temperature, it indicates the above factors. It has a warming effect on the human body at the same time, and on the contrary, it has a cooling effect.
54. Is heat stroke a disease in hot weather? What meteorological conditions are related to heat stroke? How to deal with it?
55. What is urban climate? What are its characteristics?
56. What is the ultimate goal of weather forecasting?
57. What types of catalysts are commonly used in artificial weather modification operations? Example
58. What is the theme of World Meteorological Day 2011? What is the background of the subject? (Bonus question. Selected from the 2011 supplement)
The theme of World Meteorological Day on March 23 is "People and Climate", which aims to call on the international community to pay attention to the climate that is closely related to human beings and strengthen response And prevent climate disasters, mitigate and adapt to climate change, develop and utilize climate resource capacity building, and promote the harmonious development of man and climate. Paying attention to the climate means paying attention to our lives.
59. What is the climate system? (Selected from the 2011 supplement)
The climate system is a highly complex system with five main components: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, land surface and biosphere, as well as the connections between them. interaction. The evolution of the climate system is affected by its own dynamic laws, as well as external driving forces (such as volcanic eruptions, solar changes) and human-induced driving (such as changes in the composition of the atmosphere and land use).
60. The ideal temperature in life should be: (give 3 examples) (selected from the 2011 supplement)
Keep the room temperature at 20~25℃; dress appropriately For optimal comfort, the average skin temperature is 33℃; the temperature of meals is 46~58℃; the temperature of drinking water is 44~59℃; the temperature of making tea is 70~80℃; the temperature of bath water is 34℃ ~39℃; the temperature of footbath is 50~60℃; the temperature of cold water bath is 19~21℃; the temperature of sunbath is 15~30℃.
61. How to adapt to and respond to climate change? (Selected from the 2011 supplement)
62. Does the actual temperature announced by the meteorological department refer to the atmospheric temperature measured by a blind box several meters above the ground?
63. Aerial cloud water resources refer to the total amount of liquid water and solid water existing in the atmosphere. They are water resources that can be directly developed and utilized through what methods.
64. Tropical cyclones with winds of several levels or above are called typhoons in the Western Pacific.
Level 12 and above
65. The weather phenomenon "haze" consists of fine particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter. What are the main causes and components? List 3.
Cause: Primary pollutants are affected by the relevant environment and undergo a series of photochemical reactions to form secondary aerosol fine particles.
Ingredients: hydrocarbons, nitric oxide and hydroxide
66. What diseases can be caused by the inhalation of haze? List 3.
It can cause rhinitis, bronchitis and other diseases, and long-term exposure to this environment can also induce lung cancer.
67. What is the biggest cause of flash floods and debris flow disasters? List 2.
Natural causes
The weathering of rocks occurs in nature. During this weathering process, there are not only the decomposition of oxygen, carbon dioxide and other substances on the rocks, but also the absorption of water in precipitation. The decomposition of rocks caused by the acidic substances in the air, the decomposition of the rock layers under the soil by substances secreted by surface vegetation, and the loosening of the soil caused by the freezing and dissolution of the soil by frost. These reasons can cause the soil layer to thicken and the soil layer to loosen.
Heavy rainfall is also one of the reasons.
Unreasonable excavation
Unreasonable spoil, waste, and quarrying
Indiscriminate deforestation
Secondary disasters
68. How to prevent flash floods and debris flow disasters? List 3.
69. What meteorological factors are the main causes of forest fires in Russia?
The high temperature caused by the anticyclone concentrates the hot airflow from the Mediterranean and Central Asia to the European part of Russia. While the high temperature is raging, the atmosphere above the affected area that can absorb ultraviolet rays is layered - the thermosphere. Suddenly becomes thinner, resulting in excess UV rays.
70. In which country is the World Meteorological Organization headquartered? What is the English abbreviation? What was its predecessor called?
Headquartered in Geneva. The English abbreviation is WMO. International Meteorological Organization
71. "Tian Jia Five Elements" is a collection of famous meteorological proverbs produced in which dynasty in my country? Give 3 examples of proverbs. Give an explanation.
72. On which year and month was the "Meteorological Disaster Prevention Regulations" officially implemented?
Effective from April 1, 2010.
73. Can you briefly explain the reasons for the lightning disaster caused by "Lightning Strike Village"?
74. When encountering geological disasters such as landslides and collapses, which direction is the best way to escape?
75. What is the main reason for the "sea breeze" in Xinjiang? Just explain it briefly.
In winter, strong winds suddenly intensify through the canyon, and coupled with the sand and snow carried along the way, it is easy to form a "sea breeze". The synergistic effect of favorable atmospheric circulation conditions, the underlying surface created by stable snow cover, and the unique topography is the "hotbed" for the formation of "sea breeze".
76. What are the main sand plains that affect sand and dust weather in eastern my country?
77. What is the meaning of low-carbon life?
78. In what aspects of daily life can we reduce carbon emissions?
79. Is the amino acid content in tea inversely related to those meteorological factors during the tea picking period? Is it positively related to those meteorological elements?
80. When will China join the World Meteorological Organization?
81. How are squalls described in meteorology?