When does rapeseed usually mature?

Today's long summer, the first solar term in summer, indicates the coming of summer, when there is a lot of rain in the south. There is no rain in the long summer and no rice in the head. Nourished by sunshine and rain, everything is thriving. "The long summer is a festival in April. Summer, great cause, things have grown up, that is. " There are four seasons in a year, spring, summer, autumn and winter. Summer is the season when crops thrive. At this time, the fruit trees turned from flowers to fruits, and the wheat was full of flowers. After the long summer, the weather is getting hotter and hotter, and the rain is sunny and hot, which nourishes everything, while pests and diseases grow and multiply rapidly, and the probability of disasters is also high.

1. Wheat meets people in the long summer.

The farmer's proverb says "cut new wheat in long summer", which means that wheat can be harvested in long summer and mango season. This peasant proverb is applicable to the southern wheat area of Jianghuai and Huanghuai. Winter wheat has a large planting area, a wide range and different growing seasons. The southern part of Jiangsu and Anhui and the northern part of Zhejiang headed early, and now it has entered the filling stage. Some improperly managed wheat has scab, premature root senescence, stem rot and powdery mildew, and the yield and quality of wheat will be affected to varying degrees. Wheat in the northern region will also start heading and blossom one after another, which is the most prone to scab. Attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of scab in early flowering and full flowering.

The key period of wheat yield formation is from heading stage to filling stage, which is also the high incidence period of diseases and insect pests. It is suggested that "one spraying and three prevention" should be done well, and tebuconazole, thiamethoxam, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or amino acid water-soluble fertilizer should be used to control pests and diseases, dry and hot wind, lodging and increase grain weight.

2. Rapeseed is ripe

The farmer said: "80% yellow, 10% discount; 100% yellow, 20% deficit. "Rapeseed should be harvested in time when 80% of the pods in the whole field are yellow-green, the pods at the base of the spindle are loquat, and the seed coat is dark brown. 100% pods are ripe and will crack when threshing, which will reduce the yield by 20%.

In the long summer season, the rape in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has matured and harvested. At present, most rapeseed harvests are harvested by harvesters, threshed clean, and the straw is returned to the field after being crushed. Harvester harvesting is divided into one-time harvesting and segmented harvesting, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Harvesting and threshing can be completed at one time. Although the process is simple, it is easy to lead to high water content and low oil yield of rapeseed. Rape should be cut in the sun before threshing with a pick-up harvester, which can make rape fuller. However, it takes twice as long for agricultural machinery to land, which will increase operating costs. Selection should be made according to planting methods and local environmental conditions.

3. People who plow and weed are very busy.

An agricultural proverb says, "Xia San hoes the ground every day". Traditional agriculture relies on manual hoeing. In the long summer, everything grows vigorously, and weeds in farmland are no exception. They will use crops to win honor, compete for fertilizer and affect growth. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange intertillage weeding as soon as possible. There is a similar saying that "if you don't hoe for one day, you won't hoe for three days." South China's double-cropping early rice is in tillering stage, which is the time for ploughing; Corn, peanuts, cotton and other crops have also come out of the seedling stage, so it is necessary to intertillage and weed in time.

The weeding of double-cropping early rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has entered the middle and late stage, and the weeding of stem and leaf herbicides is completed in one season in better fields. It is necessary to make rational use of tillering stage and observe the occurrence of Chilo suppressalis and rice blast in the field to ensure the healthy growth of rice. For fields with poor resistance to barnyard grass, cyhalofop-butyl, oxadiazole and bispyribac-sodium should be selected as soon as possible, and herbicides such as clomazone and clomazone should be added. If there are many sedge weeds in the field, pesticides such as sodium dimethyl tetrachloroacetate, ammonium dimethyl tetrachloroacetate and bentazone and their compound control can be selected.

In addition, pay special attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases when planting fruit trees and vegetables. With the increase of temperature, the corresponding diseases and insect pests have also reached the high season. For example, Gannan navel orange should be sprayed in time according to the information of pests and diseases to prevent and control citrus psylla, canker, sand skin disease, anthracnose, aphid, liriomyza sativae and other pests and diseases. Among them, frozen trees pay more attention to resin disease and sand skin disease, and also pay attention to the management of navel orange young fruit period, in order to improve the fruit setting rate and reduce physiological fruit drop.