Qiu Huang and Du Du's personal profiles, and I want to know the specific time period of old Shanghai.
Rogue tycoon, this is a unique product of colonial and semi-colonial old Shanghai beach. Those hooligans who are born in poverty but have no knowledge and skills use the power of the gang to snare their disciples and become local tyrants. These people are pervasive, and their power adds up to 360 lines in old Shanghai, which is well known to Shanghai all the way. For these people, people gave them a nickname, called "rogue tycoon"! Among the richest people in old Shanghai, the number one richest person ranked first should be yellow.
Huang (1868- 1953), Jin Yong, was born in Suzhou, Jiangsu. He was a famous green gang leader in old Shanghai, and the head of the rogue "Big Three" (Du,,). 18 (1892), Guangxu worked as an inspector in the inspection institute of the French Concession in the Qing Dynasty, and was promoted to inspector and inspector until he was the only inspector general of China in the police force. Relying on imperialist forces, he recruited disciples in Shanghai and oppressed the people. 1927, Du, actively supported and participated in the "April 12th" coup launched by Chiang Kai-shek. After the establishment of the Nanjing Kuomintang government, he served as major general and president of the Executive Yuan.
Huang didn't like reading since he was a child, but he has long been associated with local ruffians and hooligans. In order to strengthen the law and order in the concession, French Consul General Bai Zaotuo and Director of the Public Security Bureau Dombey decided to recruit 120 China people to patrol. Huang worked as a paperhanger, and then worked as a catcher in the yamen of Shanghai County for a period of time. At this time, Huang heard that he had entered the police office. He was very popular and had a bright future. He didn't want to be lonely, so he decided to take a chance. This year, he was only 22 years old. He came to the French concession patrol general office on the road where he lived to register for the exam. Maybe his strong body took advantage of him and he was hired. After entering the patrol room, Huang followed the French patrol's ass, collecting "land donation" and "house donation" from house to house, and even went to the construction area where the road was built across the border to book the house number of the concession for the new house. In these works, he showed great efforts and also participated in the activities of suppressing farmers, grave owners and small landlords who were unwilling to move. As a result, the police chief took a fancy to it and promoted it from China to cheap, that is, asking questions. After the promotion, he was sent to the sixteenth shop by Huang. At this time, wearing casual clothes, he spent his days in the teahouse, drinking tea and bragging, collecting information from it and making eye contact, which is also a kind of work. Don't look at gold, it makes people grow five big and three thick, but their brains are quite active. He used the tactics of "black eating black" and "one yard, one gram, one yard" to snare a number of "three light codes", that is, those habitual thieves and cheaters, provided him with all kinds of information and cracked some cases. In addition, he created an illusion to improve his prestige by calling a thief to catch a thief. One day, the gold-lettered signboard of a pickle shop opposite the French patrol room suddenly disappeared. The boss is in a state of anxiety. At this time, someone told the boss that Huang was "lucky" to solve the case. When the boss walked into the patrol room, he directly named Huang to solve the case. Who knows, before Huang ran out of the police room, a group of little beggars sent the signboard back with gongs and drums. From this, Huang became famous in one fell swoop. In fact, all this is a farce planned and directed by Huang behind the scenes.
Soon, Huang was promoted to the foreman of the criminal unit and the robber class. however
Huang did crack several major cases during his tenure. Once, Verdi, the clerk of the French Consul General, took his wife to Taihu Lake. I didn't expect to be kidnapped by bandits there. The French Concession heard the news and sent Huang to the rescue. Huang found his minions and the leaders of the bandits in Taihu Lake, "Taisi" and "Pig May", so he easily bailed out the pair of "French meat coupons". On another occasion, Yang, the aide of Fujian Governor Zhou Yinren, brought six boxes of antiques, calligraphy and painting to Shanghai. I didn't expect it to be stolen just after I left the dock. To this end, the Songhu Guards invited Huang to assist in the investigation. As a result, it took less than half a day for Huang to take back all the original things. In Huang's career, the proudest thing is to solve a case in which a French Catholic priest was kidnapped. To this end, the French ambassador to plenipotentiary Huang awarded a first-class gold star medal. The French police station promoted him to be the only police inspector in China, and sent eight Annan police officers as his bodyguards. From then on, Huang became more domineering and daring, and became a local tyrant.
Although he has never worshipped the old man and opened the incense hall, it is a loophole, but he has great potential and calls himself the "Tian Zi generation" green gang boss. At that time, the highest generation of green gang was "Da". In that era when black and white were reversed, Huang used his power to sell opium, open casinos and run dog farms in partnership. Within a few years, he became the number one tycoon in Shanghai. Huang served as a French police inspector for more than 20 years and didn't resign until after his 60th birthday. Even so, the French police patrol continued to employ him as a consultant.
For 36 years,
For Huang's 80th birthday, Chiang Kai-shek personally came to Huangjia Garden to celebrate his birthday. Chiang Kai-shek once learned from Huang. At that time, funds were often insufficient. In order to make money, some of them opened the stock exchange "Hengtai" in Shanghai. Chiang Kai-shek was also one of the participants.
At first, the business of the exchange was ok. Unexpectedly, 192 1 year, a "letter exchange storm" broke out in Shanghai, similar to today's small-scale financial crisis. Once, exchanges closed down one after another, and the stock value was like waste paper. Barely supported to 1922, "Hengtai" completely closed down, and many shareholders demanded to cash out with shares. Zhou Zeng, the supervisor of the exchange, was forced to jump into the Yellow River twice to commit suicide. The creditors even hired some thugs to threaten Chiang Kai-shek and others to pay back the money. Desperate, Chiang Kai-shek came to the famous Huangfa Concession to seek "protection" after having a high position in the business world.
On the second floor of Huang's mansion, Chiang Kai-shek presented Huang, who was sitting in a plush chair, with a red Apprentice Post, which read: "Huang's Student Life". Educated youth was a common name used by Chiang Kai-shek at that time. Then kowtow and salute.
Afterwards, Huang hosted the creditors in the hotel. During the dinner, Huang pointed to Chiang Kai-shek and said, The educated youth is my apprentice now. You can come to me for the debt of educated youth. Creditor Huang realized this and put down the hongmen banquet. Everyone is watching the money come back, so it is better to take it out and give Huang a face. In this way, Chiang Kai-shek was cornered and solved in one sentence.
Before the liberation of Shanghai, Huang's daughter-in-law took away Huang's gold and silver jewelry and left Shanghai for Hong Kong and then to Taiwan Province Province. Huang was suggested to go to Hongkong, and the 82-year-old Huang faced the last choice in his life-either to go to Taiwan Province Province or to stay in Shanghai. In the end, Huang stayed. "Change with constancy" is his life creed. Anyway, there are not many days to come, so let fate take its course. But Huang knows in his heart that he is over 80 years old and it doesn't matter if he dies in Hong Kong. I'm afraid he got sick halfway and died on the road, which would be terrible. He said to people, "I'm already a coffin man." I have been in Shanghai all my life and don't want to leave my bones in another country and die in another place. "
In the early days of liberation in Shanghai, Huang lived in seclusion at home and didn't ask about foreign affairs. Many people thought that Huang had fled to Taiwan Province Province or Hongkong, or was arrested and imprisoned by the people's government. Therefore, when Huang's confession (repentance) was published, the people's reaction was extremely strong. It is said that I didn't expect the tycoon to be alive, and the producer of * * * was so lenient, and the call for killing Huang immediately resounded through the sky.
In the face of the grim situation, even some of Huang's disciples rose up and demanded to be close to the * * * production party and draw a clear line. At this time, Huang really became a street mouse, and everyone shouted.
In the early days of liberation, there were many things to be done and many things to be dealt with by the people's government. Huang also lives a comfortable life. As far as smoking opium is concerned, although the government explicitly forbids it, Huang still plays dumb and smokes correctly. Moreover, there is a lot of good opium soil hidden at home, which is said to be "enough for him to smoke for the rest of his life."
Huang likes to do three things every day: smoking, playing mahjong and going to the bathhouse. He told people that this "three-piece suit" is his greatest enjoyment, whether it is the ruling Kuomintang or the world's * * * production party, it is all the same, and he should accompany him to die of old age. He can stay in Shanghai, and this "three-piece suit" is also half the credit.
At that time, there were more than twenty people in Huang's family.
They all live atNo. Junpeili 1 Longmen Road. This is a three-story villa built after Huang made his fortune, with dozens of rooms. Huang's bedroom is at the east end of the second floor, and most of the houses nearby are rented by his disciples, so they can communicate with each other and move easily. Huang has lived here all the time, except for a summer vacation in Huangjia Garden in caohejing. At this time, the people's government also allowed Huang to run his industries as usual, such as the Great World, Daikin Theater and Grand Theater, and earned a lot of money every month.
195 1 at the beginning of the year, after the suppression of the counter-revolutionary movement began, Huang's life began to get sad, and citizens even spontaneously rushed to the door of Huang Zhai, demanding that he accept criticism. Letters of complaint and accusation poured into the municipal government and public security organs like snowflakes, pleading with the government to be the master of the country and avenge the people.
The reason for not moving yellow.
In fact, how to be a good gang member in Shanghai is for our use. On the eve of the liberation of Shanghai, the CPC Central Committee had a clear policy, that is, as long as they did not come out to make trouble and interfere with the social security after the liberation of Shanghai, they would not move. Especially for gang leaders like Huang and Du, the purpose of "observing for a period of time" (now) is to "make Shanghai as chaotic as possible" (now), which is beneficial to the overall situation of the country and the recovery and development of Shanghai's economy.
Mayor Chen Yi and Vice Mayor Pan Hannian in charge of political and legal work,
They faithfully implemented this correct principle and policy. The Shanghai Municipal People's Government summoned Huang to explain to him that the previous policy would remain unchanged, but hoped that he could write a "repentance book" for public publication, further explain to the people and confess his guilt frankly, so as to gain some understanding from the people.
On May 20th, 195 1, Shanghai News and Wen Wei Po published Huang's confession. As a result, instead of calming the anger of the masses, it triggered a bigger storm. As mentioned earlier, "Huang Ke can't stay if he kills!" Slogans resounded through the Shanghai beach. In his Confessions, Huang claimed to "surrender and turn over a new leaf", "make amends" and "ask the government and people for forgiveness" and so on. The confession of the first tycoon in Shanghai was a sensation at that time. Needless to say, it played a great role in stabilizing social order and deterring the remnants of the Gang of Four. Later, Huang responded to the government's call and began to clean the streets.
The news of "yellow street sweeping" spread like wildfire all over the world. Du, another tycoon in old Shanghai, learned the news in Hong Kong and was glad that he didn't stay in Shanghai and dodged a bullet. Considering the repercussions at home and abroad, Huang's "reform" measure was only symbolic and did not last long. After all, he is an old man who has broken the times. Two years later, this famous man in Shanghai fell ill with a fever and was in a coma for a few days, then closed his eyes. At the age of 86. ......
2. Zhang Xiaolin
(1877 ——1940), whose real name is Ah Fu, formerly known as Xiaolin, later renamed Yin, and Cixi (now Jiangbei District). In the 23rd year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1897), he moved to Hangzhou. In his early years, he was idle, fighting and making trouble, interacting with hooligans, and was a local ruffian. I went to the armament school and met Zhang Zaiyang. In the early years of the Republic of China, I met the rogue Ji Yunqing in the British Concession in Shanghai and went to Shanghai with the season. Later, I worshipped Fan Jincheng, a "big" generation in green gang, Shanghai, as an "old man", became brothers with Huang and Du, and called him "the Big Three in Shanghai". 1920 three people set up "Sanxin Company" in partnership, selling opium, forcing others to engage in prostitution and bullying the market. 1April 927 12 During the counter-revolutionary coup, he organized "China * * * to join the club", led "death squads" to pretend to be workers and attacked the workers' picket. He was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as an adviser to the General Command of the Army, Navy and Air Force and a Major General of the Central Military Commission. 1932 was recommended by Du as the supervisor of Shanghai Huashang Gauze Exchange. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the apostles organized the "New Asia Peace Promotion Association" to purchase military supplies to support the enemy and make a fortune. 1939 defected to the enemy, set up a pseudo-Zhejiang provincial government, and proposed to be a pseudo-governor, but was assassinated by the Kuomintang military. Lin Huaibu, a bodyguard bought by the military government, was stabbed to death in Shanghai in June 5438+the following year 10.
3. Du (1888- 195 1) was the most famous figure in modern green gang. Formerly known as Yong, he was born in Dujiazhai, Chuansha, Jiangsu. Before the age of four, mom and dad died one after another and were raised by her stepmother and uncle. At the age of fourteen, I went to Shanghai Shiliupu Hongyuansheng as an apprentice in the fruit business. He associates with * * and gangsters every day and is addicted to gambling. He was quickly fired and transferred to Pan Shengyuan Fruit Shop as a clerk. After worshipping Green Chen Gang as an old man, the stone field. He is the leader of Xiaodongmen area, nicknamed "Yu Fusheng", and belongs to the generation of "Tong" in green gang, while Du Menjing ranks in the generation of "Wu" in order. Because of people, Du Yuechun got the opportunity to enter Fu Huang. Clever, cunning and considerate, he quickly gained the appreciation of Huang, the leading figure of the underworld in the French Concession at that time, and became his confidant. He was promoted from a servant to an opium carrier, and was in charge of running a joint entertainment meeting, one of the three major casinos in the French Concession.
Because he is good at correcting contract partners and colluding with warlords, he has become the most powerful one in opium transportation. 1In July, 925, under the protection of the concession and warlord authorities, Du established Sanxin Company, which monopolized the opium transportation in the French concession and was called the "Big Three" in Shanghai together with Huang. In the same year, he served as the chairman of the General Federation of Chambers of Commerce in French Concession, and was supervised by China Taxpayers Association. Among the three richest people in Shanghai, there is a saying that "Huang is greedy for money, good at fighting, and Du will be a man". Compared with Huang Laihe, Du is really clever. He is good at coordinating the relations between various factions of the underworld and dealing with warlords of various factions. He is good at collecting money and distributing it. He made money by selling opium and opening gambling tables. Then, he used these ill-gotten gains to win over all kinds of people in society, from political dignitaries, literati to the backbone of gangs. Because he was kind to outgoing President Li in Shanghai, Li's secretary-general specially wrote a couplet: "Spring is three dry guests, and Xiao is five feet south of the city." Therefore, he was touted by his party followers as "Shen Jun in contemporary spring". Du did do something to buy people's hearts. He has been buying potions to prevent infectious diseases for many years, sending them to his hometown in Pudong, and distributing them to households free of charge. Whenever there is a disaster in Shanghai and nearby areas, he will come forward to organize disaster relief. He sometimes pretends to protect the interests of workers and mediate labor disputes. He changed his traditional bunting costume, wearing a ring and rolling his sleeves, but he wore a long gown all the year round, giving people a gentle image. He is arty and has made many celebrities. Zhang Taiyan, a great scholar, Yang Du, a famous lawyer, were his guests. Therefore, Du's social status has been continuously improved.
In April, Du Fu, Du Fu, Du Fu organized the * * * meeting in China, and served as the thugs of Chiang Kai-shek in suppressing the revolutionary movement. On the evening of April 1 1, he tricked and killed Wang Shouhua, the leader of the Shanghai workers' movement, and then ordered * * to suppress the workers' picket. He therefore won the support of Chiang Kai-shek. After the establishment of the Nanjing government, he served as an adviser to the General Command of the Armed Forces, Major General of the Military Commission and President of the Executive Yuan. Although his title is empty, it helps to improve his social status. In September of the same year, he served as temporary adviser to Hua Dong of the Ministry of Industry of the French Concession, and served as Hua Dong of the Ministry of Industry from 65438 to 0929, which was the highest position for Chinese in the French Concession.
From 65438 to 0929, Du founded Zhonghui Bank and set foot in Shanghai's financial industry. By making friends with financial celebrities such as Xu, Tang Shoumin, his banking business is quite prosperous.
From 1930, Du bought 50 mu of land in his hometown and built the ancestral hall of Du family. From June 8 +093 10, the ceremony of family sacrifice and the ceremony of "sacrificing the Lord" were held. The guard of honor consists of five cadres, starting from Du Mansion in the French Concession, marching for several miles, patrolling and escorting all the way, with drums and music singing together. Du Ci held a banquet for three days and dried the table every day. Party and state dignitaries, including Chiang Kai-shek, Xiong Shihui, the garrison commander of Songhu, and Zhang Qun, the mayor of Shanghai, sent plaques. Huge extravagance and waste, huge expenditure, and extremely prosperous. 1932, Du started to organize Hengshe, and held its opening ceremony on February 25th, 1933. Du was appointed honorary chairman. The society is called "Eternal as the Moon", nominally a folk society, with the aim of "pursuing morality, advocating morality, mutual trust and mutual assistance, serving the society and loyal to the country", but in fact it is a gangster organization. Du took this opportunity to recruit disciples and expand his influence to all aspects of society. When Hengshe was founded, there were more than 130 people and more than1937,520 people, including the Shanghai Party Department of the Kuomintang and the Shanghai Social Bureau. People from the press, film industry and many other fields attended the meeting. From 65438 to 0934, Du was the chairman of the local association.
1937 In July, * * imperialism launched the Lugouqiao Incident, and in August it launched the August 13th Incident which attacked Shanghai. The people of Shanghai, like the people of the whole country, are waging a heroic and tragic struggle. At the request of the people of the whole country, Du participated in the Shanghai Anti-Enemy Support Association, serving as a member of the presidium and director of the fundraising committee. He took part in the activities of the army, raised a lot of towels, cigarettes and canned food, and sent them to the anti-enemy support club. He got some badly needed communication equipment and armored insurance cars for the generals. At the request of Pan Hannian, the representative of the Eighth Route Army in Shanghai, he presented 1000 pairs of gas masks imported from abroad to the Eighth Route Army.
After the fall of Shanghai, Du refused to win over * * people and moved to Hong Kong in June1937+065438+1October. In Hong Kong, he used his gang connections to continue his activities. He used to be vice president of China Red Cross Society, member of the Standing Committee of the Disaster Relief Committee, and chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Committee for the Unification of Party and Government, engaged in activities such as intelligence and planning the assassination of Han *. One of the most famous is that his disciples in Shanghai helped the military secret service to cut down the big shot * and the pseudo-Shanghai mayor Fu Kuaian. 1940, he organized the People's Action Committee, a joint organization of China gangs supported by the Kuomintang with Du as the main leader, and actually became the general leader of China gangs.
194 1 year 12 After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Du moved to Chongqing, established Hengshe Corporation, and developed his power in the rear area. He organized China Trade Trust Company and Tongji Company to exchange materials with the occupied areas to enrich himself. * * After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Du returned to Shanghai in early September 1945 to harvest the old staff and rally. At this time, because the concession has been recovered, the Kuomintang forces can operate openly, and the role of gangs is not as important as before. 1946 65438+In February, the Shanghai Senate elected its Speaker. After many activities, Du was elected speaker with the highest vote, but he resigned immediately after his election because the Kuomintang did not support him very much. Since then, he has devoted himself to the power development of industry and commerce, finance, transportation, culture, education, journalism and other industries, and served as various chairmen, presidents, managing directors and school managers in their sixties and seventies.
1948, in order to save the serious financial crisis, Chiang Kai-shek sent Jiang Jingguo to Shanghai to carry out market value reform and issue gold certificates, requiring the people to convert all foreign currencies and gold and silver held in France into gold certificates. Du Weiping, Du's son, did not fully abide by it. He was arrested by Jiang Jingguo for speculation and sentenced to six months' imprisonment. After this incident, Du knew that he was doomed in Shanghai. 1949 In April, the People's Liberation Army won a series of victories in the War of Liberation, and the liberation of Shanghai was just around the corner. 1 May, Du fled to Hong Kong with his family. 1951August 16 died in Hong Kong.