How to raise pyracantha
The production method of pyracantha bonsai is generally made of piles in the south, but it is different in the north, which is generally cuttage. Its production generally goes through the process of picking piles, repairing piles, planting, cutting, pruning, climbing and using pots.
1, heap ore
Pyracantha fortuneana has strong growth ability, and generally collects wild old piles that last for a hundred years as bonsai seedling sources. The branches of this old pile germinate easily. Almost all the buds germinate in spring, but the formed branches are weak. Usually, only the top 1-2 buds can germinate and grow strong and mature branches over 45cm. The newly grown branches are very tough and can withstand binding in all directions. Even if there is a slight sound, don't worry about it being broken. You can also trim them into various shapes.
Step 2 cut
Cutting time: this time is uncertain, some think it is September, and some take place in spring or meiyu period. Generally speaking, it differentiates flower buds in July and August, and this process is basically completed in September. At this time, the temperature is still relatively high, and it gradually cools down, which conforms to the habit of pyracantha. The obtained seedling source has high survival rate and better growth when used for cutting.
Cutting process: ① Cutting, selecting relatively luxuriant branches, taking its growth section 10- 15cm, with two pairs of leaves on the upper part and no leaves on the lower part. ② Substrate: river sand or loose and permeable soil. River sand can be washed with boiling water, and culture soil can be disinfected by sun exposure or 50 times formalin solution. Cutting: firstly, insert it into river sand, cultivate it in a semi-cool environment filled with water for 1 month, then take root, then move it into culture soil and overwinter in a cold room; Second, it is carried out directly in the culture soil without river sand culture. Each seedling is inserted in the corresponding pot, and the suitable temperature is 20-25℃, and roots will grow in about one month.
Modeling: The surviving plants can be planted in inch boxes in March of the following year, and a certain amount of organic fertilizer and humus soil can be added to the soil to accelerate their growth. When the flowers bloom in May, move them to a 4-inch pot for culture, and add enough fertilizer and water to accelerate the growth of branches. It can be shaped and trimmed into various shapes at the end of August and the beginning of September. Note that the top branch cannot be pruned when it is 1 m long. When modeling, pruning is the main method, supplemented by Lazar. Cut off long branches and steep long branches to facilitate the rational growth of mother branches in the beautiful direction.
From July to August, the new branches of 60-80cm were simulated for the first time. According to the overall shape, it is naturally shaped along the branches, mainly cutting cross branches, parallel branches, main branches and overlapping branches. It is best not to move other branches, and the branches that grow in the future can be trimmed and maintained. Thick main branches can be fixed into the envisaged shape by thick aluminum wires; Small branches are fixed with thin aluminum wire, according to the rule of top-down, first big branches and then small branches, and from base to top, when winding, they are fixed on the main branch and then close to the branches, with a diameter of 45? Angle direction evenly wrapped to the top. For right-leaning branches, the thread is wound clockwise, and conversely, the thread is wound counterclockwise. Generally, stitches can be removed after 2 months.
From September to June, 65438+ 10, it needs to be carved again. The shape of Pyracantha fortuneana is basically finished in the first pruning. This time, we only need to carry out later maintenance according to the growth of bonsai. All parts of the plant should be distributed naturally, unnecessary branches should be cut off, and short branches should not be cut off. The whole process should be observed, carefully trimmed, pitted, tied and germinated, so that the bonsai will always present a perfect shape.
Cultivation method of potted pyracantha fortunei 1 Soil: Pyracantha fortuneana can grow in poor soil and fertile soil, but the latter is more conducive to its development. Slight acid soil containing organic matter should be selected, and the ventilation and drainage effect is good.
2. Sunshine: Pyracantha likes light, so it needs plenty of light. It can be placed in a sunny place, and the necessary illumination time should be 4-5 hours every day, so that summer and winter can be tenaciously spent.
3. Temperature: It is suitable for warm environment, and the optimum temperature is between 20-30℃. Because of its cold tolerance, it can survive at-16℃, and it is best not to put it in the environment above 10℃ in winter.
4. Water: Water the plants that have just been put into the pot at 8: 00 a.m. and 6: 00 p.m., and sprinkle water on the branches. When the new buds are 5-6cm, they usually need to be watered once a day, and the soil should not be too wet. When the buds grow to 8- 10cm, new roots will grow, and water should be done according to the soil. You can water a handful of water at one time before flowering in spring. Because the flowering period coincides with the rainy season, pay attention to timely drainage and pour enough water before winter.
5. Fertilization: Spraying soil and plants with 0.2% urea solution and rapeseed cake water in May-June and July-September, respectively, with the frequency of 10 day/time. In February, 10- 10% chicken manure was added at the frequency of 15 days/time. Apply compound fertilizer once at flowering stage and cake fertilizer twice at fruit growth stage.
6. Pruning: The shape of naturally growing plants is messy, which is not conducive to the growth of internal branches. Therefore, pruning should be carried out every year to cut off unnecessary overgrowth, vegetative branches and over-dense branches, leaving new long and short branches.
7. Insect pests: Pyracantha fortuneana often suffers from powdery mildew due to insufficient lighting and ventilation conditions. On average, sulfur stone mixed solution can be sprayed for 65,438+05 days, and Bordeaux solution or 65,438+0,000 times bacteria-removing solution can be sprayed in summer. Its main pests and diseases are scale insects and aphids. The former can be removed by hard objects such as iron wire and knife, or by spraying 0. 1% oil floating agent on plants and adding the buried carbofuran into the soil for comprehensive removal. The latter is removed by omethoate solution or dichlorvos.
The role of potted pyracantha fortuneana is an evergreen plant. The fiery red fruit, fresh green leaves and white flowers reveal the beauty of nature, and the later modeling makes it more in line with the aesthetic law, and all kinds of strange modeling constitute a work of art.
Edible: Its fruit is rich in various nutrients and mineral elements needed by human body. Not only can it be eaten directly, but also can be processed into a beverage, which can not only protect teeth, but also has a strong health care function.
Medicinal use: Tannin is contained in pericarp and fruit, and the root can be used as medicine to stop diarrhea, remove blood stasis, promote gastrointestinal digestion and treat constipation. Leaves can also be used to make tea, relieve diarrhea and thirst, and clear away heat and toxic materials.
Beauty: there are whitening ingredients in fruits, which have a strong inhibitory effect on pigment enzyme and reduce the synthesis of pigment on skin surface. Cosmetics made of liquid extracted from its interior can effectively care for the skin, keep it moist and whiten it.
Feng Shui: Pyracantha fortuneana, as an ornamental plant, can bear densely arranged bright red fruits. It is regarded as an auspicious flower, and its color and shape represent happiness, happiness, longevity and prosperity. People in Taiwan Province Province of China call it Zhuang, which means academic progress.