Brief introduction of the first upright official stone in Jiangnan why is Shi's son called Shi incomplete?
In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), Shi was born in Yakou Township, Jinjiang County, Fujian Province. He is the second son of "Water Thunderbolt" Shi Lang. In June of the 21st year of Kangxi (1682), Shi Lang, then the prefect of Fujian Navy, was ordered to use force as a platform. His sons, Shi Shi and Shi Shizhen, both participated in the armed attack on Taiwan. Shi Lang led more than 20,000 navy divisions and more than 100 warships from Tongshan to Penghu. After days of fierce fighting, the defenders were defeated. [2]
At that time, Shi went out with his father and witnessed the vigorous battle of Penghu, so he wrote a poem full of * * * *: "If you go east alone, you can rely on Heaven to make great achievements. Destroy the cave house with armor and cross the sea. Smoke dispersed the bonfire in Qian Fan, and the waves rolled flags and millions of winds. The general was an old hero when he was born in Penghu. " [2-3]
Early officials
In the 24th year of Kangxi (1685), Shi was appointed as the magistrate of Taizhou, Jiangsu Province because of his father's shadow. During his tenure as the magistrate of Taizhou, Shi was a good official and Taizhou was well governed. [ 1]
In the 27th year of Kangxi (1688), Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province was flooded. Emperor Kangxi sent ministers to supervise the river embankment repair, and many people followed the imperial envoys. Living in post stations along the way is a serious nuisance, and criminals are severely punished. [4]
There was an uprising in Hubei, and Taizhou officers and men went to rescue the Taizhou border. Shi sent someone to prepare food and grass for them. He sent people with sticks to supervise the officers and men who requisitioned food. If officers and men are found disturbing the people, they will be arrested immediately and severely punished. All his officers and men abide by the law and dare not cross the line. [5]
In the 28th year of Kangxi (1689), Shi undertook the repair of a sand boat in Jingkou (now Zhenjiang). Due to his lateness, the official department discussed the demotion. Taishou Shangshu pleaded for Shi, saying that he was honest and clean, and hoped that the court would keep him. Emperor Kangxi granted Fulata's request. Shi was promoted to Yangzhou magistrate on the spot. People in Yangzhou often like to wander around, but the stone stopped this style and the atmosphere in Yangzhou changed. [6]
In the 30th year of Kangxi (169 1), in August, the tide suddenly broke and the Gongfan dike in Taizhou burst. Shi asked for a donation to repair the dam. [7]
Officialdom promotion
In the thirty-second year of Kangxi (1693), Shi was appointed as the magistrate of Jiangning. In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi (1696), his father Shi Lang died of illness, and the governor Fan Yinshi was deeply loved by the people and asked the court to allow him to take charge of the state affairs. Hood, the suggestion, said in the book that Shi should go to his duty and be filial, and then be his mother. After more than a year, he was appointed as the magistrate of Suzhou, but he still refused to take office. [8]
In the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi (1699), Shi was stationed in the army for three years and was awarded the title of Jiangnan Huai Xu Dao.
In the fortieth year of Kangxi (170 1), the post of provincial judge in Hunan was vacant, and the court officials recommended him to be appointed in history. When Ethan A, a college student, went to the DPRK to play, Emperor Kangxi wrote: "I know that Shi is a clean official, but when something happens, he is suspicious. Ordinary people will go to court with students, and he will certainly protect the people; Zhu Sheng will certainly sue the nobles. Do things impartially, not suspicious? It is appropriate for an official like Shi to give him money and food. " In this year, he was appointed as the ambassador to Hunan. It turns out that Ding Yin has to pay taxes on Hunan local taxes, and Cao Mi has to pay Beijing fees. After Shi arrived in Hunan, he cancelled all health care fees and reduced Beijing fees by a quarter. People set up a stone tablet to commemorate the stone.
Shi worked as a local official in Jiangsu and Anhui for a long time because of the retention of public opinion. [9] In the 43rd year of Kangxi (1704), Shi was transferred to Anhui as the Minister of Public Security. [ 10]
In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705), Shi was transferred to Taibu Temple. In the forty-five years of Kangxi (1706), he was dismissed for negligently looting the pawnshop in Hunan. In March, he was named the magistrate of Shuntianfu, and wrote to the court, demanding that the four parties be forbidden to handle lawsuits without authorization, that treacherous people take over donations, that dentists seize goods, that prostitutes dance and dine, and so on. Emperor Kangxi ordered the ministries to discuss and set an example. [ 1 1]
In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (1709), Shi was appointed as the left deputy governor and was also in charge of prefect affairs. In the forty-ninth year of Kangxi (17 10), he was transferred to Liang Qian, assistant minister and prime minister of the Ministry of Finance. Soon he was transferred to the governor's warehouse. [ 12]
Major water transport
In the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi (17 15), Shi was appointed as the governor of Yunnan and took office as the former governor of grain transportation.
After Shi became the governor of grain transportation, he made a detailed investigation on the accumulated disadvantages of grain transportation, got rid of jealousy of gold, impeached officials who were greedy for ink, abolished unreasonable elements in labor, and managed grain transportation very strictly. Supervise tanker transportation throughout the year to ensure tanker transportation, and dare not neglect it slightly. At that time, the Qing dynasty was fighting in the northwest border, and Shi used grain transportation to transport materials and arrived in Shaanxi via Henan. [ 13]
In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi (1720), there was a famine because of the drought in Shaanxi. Emperor Kangxi ordered Shi to arrive in Shaanxi to help Governor Ehai improve his salary, and asked him to survey the route of Yellow River water transport from Henan to An to Shaanxi, and to investigate the number of existing grain stones in Shaanxi. Shi traveled westward along the Yellow River and wrote: "From Mengjin County, Henan Province to Taiyangdu, Shaanxi Province, there are dozens of beaches with different fiber diameters, some of which are high in the south and some are in the north of the Yellow River. From below Mianchi, the ship can carry more than 300 stones of grain after launching; From Mianchi to the upstream, the river is relatively high and can only carry dozens of stones. There is no fiber diameter from the pillar to the Shenmen Gate, but the stones on the roadside often have square eyes and stone noses. In the past, its traces can still be seen. From Shaanxi to xi 'an, the river is relatively stable and there are transportation routes. So Emperor Kangxi was depicted on the river map. " He also said: "From Henan to Sanmen, Shaanxi, there is no boat to transport now. It can be transported by car below Sun Valley, and it is more convenient to take a boat from Sun Valley to Xi 'an Dangjia Wharf. After the party dock is put into storage, it can be transported by car, and it can transport two hundred thousand stones of grain and one hundred and three thousand and two hundred pieces of silver. But transporting 200,000 stone millet can only transport100,000 stone rice. Ask the emperor to let Henan exchange two stone valleys for one stone of rice, so that the transportation cost can be saved by half. If you are worried that rice is difficult to store, please send the old one out as usual and put it in a new one. "
After the letter was sent in, Emperor Kangxi was concerned about the disaster in Shaanxi, took out 502,000 yuan of Tang Jin, and ordered the opening of the warehouse to release grain. Because most local officials were in front of the army, he ordered the Ministry to choose officials to arrive in Shaanxi, and life history was in charge of this matter. Shi ordered a 12-way visit to the poor, distributing food according to the population of each family, and saving both far and near. [ 14]
die a natural death
In the spring of the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1), there was rain and the disaster was alleviated. Emperor Kangxi ordered Shi to continue to deliver food to the governor. [ 15]
In April of the sixty-first year of Kangxi (1722), Shi wanted to retire due to illness. Emperor Kangxi ordered him to stay and his son Shi Tingxiang to inspect the post office. In May of the same year, Shi died in Huai 'an at the age of 64. The request was buried in Fujian with his father Shi Lang, and Emperor Kangxi granted his will, ordering him to be honest and buried.
Major judicial and civil achievements
In the 28th year of Kangxi (1689), Shi was promoted to Yangzhou magistrate. At that time, there were many civil disputes in Yangzhou, but the cases handled by history were neither protracted nor unjust, and its reputation for being good at solving cases spread far and wide. [ 17]
In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi (1720), there was a famine in Shaanxi. During the disaster relief, Shi found that most warehouses in Shaanxi were wasted and would be impeached. The local governor Ehai intends to tell him something about his son Ding Xiang as a judge in Huining, suggesting that if he is impeached, it will be bad for his son. Shi said: "I have never cared about myself or my son since I became an official in the DPRK." Finally, he was impeached, so Ehai was dismissed and left Shaanxi. [ 18]
Disadvantages of reform
Shi was appointed Minister of Hunan, in charge of Hunan's finance, money and grain. At that time, the land tax in Hunan added the corvee fee to the poll tax, and the rice shipped to Beijing was also shipped to Beijing, and the people were miserable. After he arrived, he abolished all the corvee fees and reduced the transportation fee to Beijing by a quarter. The people of Hunan rejoiced and carved a monument for him. [2]
Use water transport
Shi is mainly an official who deals with money and food. He once went to Jiangsu to supervise grain. At that time, transporting grain was a fat job, and even the junior military attache in charge of escort could detain the hidden rice and collect the stolen goods. As the governor of grain transportation, Shi does not expect to make huge profits by using his power. Instead, we should go deep into the grassroots and try our best to solve the stubborn disease of chaotic internal management of grain transportation. At that time, water transport vessels often failed to meet the schedule, the roads were frozen, and the soldiers driving the vessels were very hard. Officials often withhold rice and blackmail boatmen. Shi sat by the Huaihe River, waiting for Cao Mi to come over, personally boarded the boat, and opened the cabin to see how good the beige color was. On the boat, he only talked quietly with the boatman, and officials were not allowed to spy or eavesdrop. He quickly released the boat and the sailors were spared the pain of being blackmailed. [ 19]
Stone also takes two or three documents on the boat every day and sails along the river. On the ship, he wrote down the weather and the depth of the current in detail with a booklet, and predicted that a ship would arrive somewhere one day, which was very accurate. His boat went ahead and met a shoal with water. He thought that the boat was heavy and few people, so he prepared a barge here first. If there is a security officer staying privately, if there is a headwind or something, he will be shown a brochure. They regard him as a god and think that he can predict the future. For those officials who extort money, take bribes, and enrich themselves, "stick an arrow and show it to the public." However, in 1934, the original messy government affairs of water transport were eliminated, sailors no longer suffered, people were no longer bullied, water transport vessels sailed back and forth as scheduled, and officials kept their positions. Shi Dui managed the grain transportation very well. After many years, he still burned incense and prayed for the people. [ 19]
In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi (1720), the situation in the northwest border was tense. From Henan to Shaanxi, the army mobilized and transported frequently. Shi was ordered to go to Shaanxi to assist the governor in supervising the pay in Ehai. He also carried forward a down-to-earth, down-to-earth and capable work style, personally sailed back to the west of the Yellow River, surveyed the grain transportation route clearly and drew a detailed road map. [20]
People's evaluation of the draft of Qing history: Shi Lun is a wise and decisive official, restraining arrogance and guarding officials. There is Zheng Hui, which the people call "Qingtian"; "Chen Pengnian and Shi Shilun love each other and are not afraid of being strong." [2 1]
Emperor Kangxi: "I am innocent and self-sustaining, as always."
Chen Kangqi wrote in The Legend of Waves: "Fairness comes from the word' don't be widowed, don't be afraid of being strong'. " [22]
"Quanzhou Prefecture Records": "Be alert, be diligent, listen to the words of the court, and pick up hair like a god. If there are suspicious cases in his county, you should transfer them. Since the state pastoral calendar is recommended, it is innocent and self-sustaining, and it is consistent. " [23]
Personal work "Southern Tang Collection" has eight volumes.
Hongyi Ci is a volume.
Their names are not mentioned in anecdotal allusions.
Because Shi Lang has made great contributions, Kangxi asked him to choose some sons to take care of the court, so that their career starting point would be higher in the future. Shi Lang mentioned all his sons, but he didn't mention Shi Shilun. Later, Shi's official was known by Kangxi. Kangxi finally understood that Shilang had the most confidence in this second son and thought that he could get ahead on his own, so he didn't mention his name.
stubbornly biased
On one occasion, Hunan lacked a provincial judge, and all the officials recommended Shi. University student Isan' a Palace invited Kangxi. I didn't expect Kangxi to say, "I know the world is cheap, but I was paranoid when it happened." When the people sue students, they are partial to the people; When all students sue the gentry, they will be naked. How can you be paranoid if you just want to succeed? If you are a secular person, it is appropriate to entrust this matter to Qian Gu. " Shi's decision-making for the people was described by Emperor Kangxi as "paranoia". This "paranoia" just depicts his respectable and lovely people-oriented. [24]
Handle cases flexibly
When Shi Chu was appointed as Jiangdu county magistrate, any relatives and friends came to visit through the back door, and he flatly refused. At that time, there was a saying in Jiangdu: "Without unity, Yamaraja is old." Therefore, people often compare him to the upright and upright Bao Zheng. However, some people compare him with Bao Gong, saying that Bao Gong is always resolute, honest and frank, but he can do whatever he wants. In other words, he can always use it flexibly in handling cases and win with wisdom. When I was in Jiangdu, a man once committed a felony. He sent money to an official for help. The official said, "Just shout when you are dying. I have my own way. " When he arrived at the execution ground, the prisoner really cried. But the official next to him said, "Confess quickly!" Turned and left. Shi Gong watched and immediately realized that this man had been betrayed by traitors. [25]
He severely punished the traitor factory. When he was the magistrate of Shuntian, that is, the mayor of the capital, he vigorously rectified the face of the capital. The commander of the infantry, Tuoheqi, was favored by Emperor Kangxi at that time and was greeted by riders every time he went out. I once met him on the road, and stood by the side of the road. Tuo He Qi was frightened. He got off and asked. Stone said loudly, "the national system is that only princes can travel with their attendants." I thought it was a prince, just waiting by the side of the road. I didn't expect you! " He also said that he would write a book for him. Tuo He Qi scared to apologize again and again. He "does not bully widows, does not make ministers strong", and wins with wisdom, which is dramatic.
An unattractive/inconspicuous appearance
Shi was sick when he was a child, but he grew up ugly. "The Draft of Qing History" records: "Cao Xian is a public servant with an ugly face and a' incomplete' name. At the beginning of the official county, Yi Yin went to see Shangguan, and Shangguan either covered his mouth and smiled, and said fairly,' Is the public ugly because of its appearance? Human face and animal heart, hateful ears. If so, then this beast looks like a human heart, what harm does it do! Accordingly, the people called him "incomplete". [26] Zhicheng Deng of A Qing Dynasty said that he was "crooked in the eyes and crooked in the hands, lame in the feet and partial in the door", and the so-called "five elements are incomplete". Therefore, Kangxi, who had a good sense of humor, gave him "not completely applicable".
Wen Yi Pavilion
In the thirty-second year of Kangxi (1693), Shi was promoted to be the magistrate of Jiangning, in charge of Shangyuan and Jiangning counties. After he took office, he immediately got rid of the old rules and severely punished corrupt officials, and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. At this time, his father Shi Lang passed away. According to etiquette, he will leave his post for three years and go home to mourn. On the day he left, thousands of people fell on the road to stay and could not bear to leave him. Naturally, he couldn't allow it, so people each donated a penny to build a pavilion in front of the government office building as a souvenir and named it "Wenyi Pavilion".
Family member father
Shi Lang: Jinghai Hou of Qing Dynasty, a strategist in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, and an important general in early Qing Dynasty.
brothers
Eldest brother: Shi Shize, also known as Shi Mao, adopted Shi Lang's late brother Shi Zhao Ke as his successor.
Third brother: Shi Shiqian, awarded to the foreign minister.
Fourth Brother: Shi Shiqi, who returned to Fujian from Beijing in the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), was twenty years old. In the 20th year of Kangxi (168 1), after Shi Lang took office in Xiamen, he was ordered by his father to prepare weapons, transport money and grain, and assist Shi Lang in preparing for the Eastern Expedition. Two years later, he joined the army in Pengtai and made great achievements.
Fifth brother: Shi Shi Q, Shi Lang is the prefect of Fujian Navy with his father.
Sixth brother: Shi Shiqiu, in the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), joined the army in Galdin in the 35th year of Kangxi (1696). In the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1), Zhu Yigui launched a campaign to encircle Shi Shizhen and joined forces with Princess Lanting in Taiwan Province.
Brother Seven: Shi Shihua, an experienced official, was awarded the rank of sergeant in Runzhou (now Zhenjiang). When Shi Lang attacked Taiwan, he served as the prefect of Fujian Navy with his father.
Eighth brother: Shi, unemployed, succeeded to Jinghai Hou after death.
The stone tomb is located on the hill of the natural village in the reception village of the town. Stone Cemetery is the tomb of Stone, the son of Shi Lang, the governor of Qing Dynasty. There are a team of Shiyang, Shi Hu, Shima and General Shi, a stone archway, a Chongqing memorial tablet and a hard-working pavilion in the park. The two mausoleums are less than 3 kilometers apart. The back and left sides of the tombs are undulating, tree-lined and beautiful, which is a treasure trove of feng shui. [28]