Policy-based Agricultural Insurance in Zhejiang Province
Continuous rain
brings losses in three aspects
Ni Zhifang from Shimen Village, Changshan Township, Wucheng District has been keeping bees since she was 18 years old. She is 5 years old this year and has been keeping bees for 32 years. When I met the reporter, Ni Zhifang complained: "Beekeeping is a business that depends on the weather. This year is the worst weather I have encountered in beekeeping for so many years! The peers have suffered losses, and the only difference is the question of how much they have lost. "
Ni Zhifang has raised more than 14 boxes of bees, which is a medium-sized professional beekeeper. He said that the losses caused by bad weather to farmers mainly come from three parts.
First, the number of bees has decreased. Bees are very hygienic and never excrete in beehives. But the rainy days and the low temperature make it impossible for bees to go out. "As soon as I fly out, my wings are wet and I often fall to the ground and freeze to death." Bees that can't go out have to keep their excrement in their stomachs, which makes them swell up and die easily. At the same time, the low temperature also affects the reproduction of bees. At this time last year, a bee with a honey spleen could breed a full box of bees in 6~8 days, but this year it is estimated that it will take at least 2 days to reach this scale. If the rainy weather continues, the breeding season will be postponed.
second, the cost has increased. At this time in previous years, rape blossoms had already blossomed. However, this year's cold and rainy, the flowering period of rape flowers was postponed, and bees had nowhere to collect honey. Farmers had to feed bees artificially. The feed is mainly pollen and sugar. Take a box of bees as an example. From this year to the beginning of March, Ni Zhifang increased the feed amount of 1.5~2.5 kilograms of pollen and more than 1 kilograms of sugar for each box of bees, which is equivalent to an increase of 13~14 yuan for each box of bees. This alone, 14 boxes of bees will increase the cost by more than 1 thousand yuan.
third, the output is reduced. The income of beekeepers mainly comes from honey and royal jelly. Without a flower source, bees gather honey and become passive water; Royal jelly is the food for bees to breed larvae. Adult bees are physically weak due to nutritional problems, so they can't reproduce normally, and there is no royal jelly. At this time last year, Ni Zhifang's bees had started to produce honey and royal jelly, but this year he didn't harvest a drop of royal jelly, which was another loss of more than 1 thousand yuan.
Ni Zhifang said: "This increase and two decreases conservatively estimate the loss of more than 2, yuan."
The economic loss of bee farmers in Jinhua is 19.8 million yuan
In Jinhua Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau, I have received calls for help from bee farmers almost every day in recent 2 days.
Jinhua is a big city of bee production, with the total bee breeding accounting for 1/4 of the whole province. At present, there are more than 5,5 people engaged in bee breeding in the city, with a total bee breeding population of 288,7, with an annual output value of 293 million yuan. At present, the bee colony in counties and cities is only half of that in the same period last year. According to statistics, there are more than 53, bees raised by bees-losing households in the city, with an average bee loss rate of 45%. According to the 8 yuan of bees per box, extreme weather caused direct economic losses of 19.8 million yuan to bees in our city this year.
"These are just the reports of farmers who have joined the Bee Industry Association. The continuous low temperature and rainy weather have caused great losses to the beekeeping industry in our city. " Hua Qiyun, secretary general of the City Bee Industry Association, said.
according to Hua Qiyun, the beekeeping industry mainly relies on rotary feeding and open-air feeding, and basically depends on the weather. The weather directly affects the harvest of beekeeping, which is a high-risk industry. Therefore, at the end of 27, the City Bee Industry Association organized 2 beekeepers in Dongyang, Wuyi, Jindong, Wucheng and other places, and formulated a targeted "Measures for Risk Relief of Beekeeping Industry in Jinhua City" and set up a risk relief fund. Half of the risk relief fund comes from the membership fee paid by bee farmers and half from the provincial bee industry association. "However, this" Measures "stipulates that the scope of application of risk relief funds only includes sudden natural disasters such as floods and fires and car accidents during transit, excluding long-term low temperature and rainy weather. Because half of the rescue fund comes from the provincial bee industry association, the provincial association does not modify it, and the municipal association cannot modify the scope of application. "
In Hua Qiyun's view, the most feasible way to reduce the risk of beekeepers is to implement policy-based agricultural insurance. For example, he said that in recent years, the government has introduced various policies and measures to protect and stabilize the healthy development of animal husbandry, among which sows and cows have successively carried out policy insurance. For example, for the insurance of fertile sows, the insurance amount for each sow is 1 yuan, and the insurance premium is 6 yuan. Except for underdeveloped counties and island counties, 6 yuan's insurance premium is borne by provincial finance 2%, local finance 6% and farmers 2%, that is, 12 yuan.
If bees are also included in the policy insurance, the insurance premium will be mainly shared by the provincial, local finance and bee farmers, and the ability of bee farmers to resist risks will be greatly enhanced. In 21, the heavy snow, low temperature and rainy weather in the south also brought a lot of losses to beekeepers. The Bee Industry Association had negotiated with relevant insurance companies about the participation of bees in rural insurance, but it ended in vain.
beekeepers are looking forward to including beekeeping in the scope of policy agricultural insurance, but for many poultry farmers, the low payment standard of policy agricultural insurance has become a heart disease for them. In 29, Wuyi County began to implement policy-based agricultural insurance for poultry industry, and Zhong Feide, a broiler farmer in Wuyi County, also took out insurance.
But after several years, Zhong Feide and his colleagues gradually chose to quit insurance. Zhong Feide said that this is because everyone thinks that the payment of policy agricultural insurance is low. According to the relevant regulations, the government subsidizes 55% of the premium of Wuyi's poultry policy agricultural insurance, and farmers pay 45% of the premium, that is, each chicken pays .14 yuan. "The expenses paid by oneself are not high, but the amount of compensation is not high, and the terms also stipulate that chickens that die within 1 days are not included in the scope of compensation, and more than 25 chickens that die within 15 days must be included in the scope of compensation, and only 1 of the 25 chickens will be compensated ... According to these standards, farmers are not compensated much." By this year, due to the insufficient participation rate, Wuyi cancelled the broiler breeding insurance in the policy agricultural insurance.
what is the difficulty in extending policy-based agricultural insurance to more agricultural industries? The reporter interviewed Du Qinghua, deputy general manager of China PICC Jinhua Branch. It is understood that the city's policy agricultural insurance is underwritten by the insurance body composed of many insurance companies in our city, of which PICC Jinhua Branch bears 77% of the share.
Du Qinghua said that, generally speaking, governments at all levels attach great importance to agricultural policy insurance, and the insurance subsidies are increasing year by year, and the varieties covered are also increasing. At present, the agricultural policy insurance products carried out by the company include pigs, rice, rape, watermelon, freshwater fish, public welfare forest, poultry, etc. This year, wheat insurance and other insurance products have been newly implemented. In our city, at present, the policy agricultural insurance that is well implemented is able to breed sows. In 28, the whole city began to push it out in an all-round way. At the end of last year, a total of 675 pigs were insured and 7292 households were underwritten, with an underwriting rate of over 9%.
as to whether an agricultural industry can be included in the scope of policy-based agricultural insurance, Du Qinghua said that it is not up to an insurance company to decide, but to be considered by the office of the provincial policy-based agricultural insurance coordination group as a whole. For example, the coverage is an important factor. At present, there are many regional agricultural industries in the province, and whether to carry out policy-based agricultural insurance for an agricultural industry must consider how large the scale of the industry is and how wide it involves. Only when the requirements of insurance coverage are met can financial subsidies be implemented.
in addition, different agricultural products have different government subsidies. Like rice, the central financial premium subsidy is 35%, the provincial financial premium subsidy is 32%, and the county financial premium subsidy is 26%. It is calculated that governments at all levels have paid 93% of the premium for the policy agricultural insurance of rice, and farmers only need to pay 7%. In contrast, for poultry breeding such as chickens and ducks, there is no premium subsidy from the central government, and the proportion of farmers' own pockets is relatively high, which will reduce their enthusiasm for participating in insurance. As for the low compensation reported by some broiler farmers, Du Qinghua said that the insurance companies in our city are all implemented according to Zhejiang Policy Agricultural Insurance * * * Same-body Chicken Breeding Insurance Clause, and farmers can only get more compensation if the government subsidies are more.
furthermore, the growers and farmers are generally scattered, and the insurance company's agricultural business claims costs are also relatively high. In particular, beekeeping flows across the country with the flowering period, so it is difficult to determine the loss. However, the standardization of poultry breeding such as chickens, ducks and geese is not as good as that of pig farms, which limits the development of policy-based agricultural insurance.
Du Qinghua believes that in order to give full play to the role of policy-based agricultural insurance, it is necessary to continuously increase the financial subsidies for agricultural insurance, and mobilize the enthusiasm of growers and farmers through policy guidance and promotion, so as to make policy-based agricultural insurance embark on a virtuous circle.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is better, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.