Common faults of automobile engines?
Cause analysis: When the instrument pointer shows abnormal oil pressure, it indicates that the engine parts are faulty. If the indicating pressure of the oil gauge pointer is low or the indicating pointer fluctuates greatly, it may be caused by the wear of the oil pump, the blockage of the filter by dirt, the exposure of the oil suction net, the low oil level, the air mixed in the oil circuit, and the failure of the pressure gauge. In addition, the viscosity of lubricating oil is low, so paying attention to xsjiaoliu is equivalent to hiring a displacement vehicle expert. Poor sealing and lubricity of oil circuit, too high supercooling viscosity of lubricating oil and too much sludge deposition of lubricating oil will also cause abnormal display of oil pressure indicator.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for replacement and maintenance in time.
2. unscrew the radiator cover and find that there are always some oil stains floating on the water surface, and there is moisture when changing oil.
Cause analysis: The engine has two circulation systems, one is coolant circulation system and the other is lubricant circulation system, and the two systems are not connected with each other. If there is oil in the water or there is water in the oil, it means that there is a problem in an isolated place in the two circulation systems. "Oil into water" and "water into oil" are two different faults. "Oil in water" is the fault of the engine block itself, while "water in oil" is mostly caused by engine accessories, and the fault nature is different.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for replacement and maintenance in time.
3. When the car accelerates, the oil pressure indicator will light up.
Cause analysis: There are two situations when the oil lamp lights up: real and virtual. The so-called reality is that the oil pressure is really low, so low that the indicator light gives an alarm, indicating that the lubrication system is indeed faulty and must be eliminated. The so-called virtual, as suspected, there is no fault in the oil lubrication system, but there is a fault in the oil pressure indicator system, and the indicator light is in the wrong place.
Solution: Although this kind of fault will not affect the normal operation of the engine, it is better to find the root cause in time and eliminate it. Usually, the possibility of solid disease is high, which should be the main idea to judge the fault.
4. The steering wheel will swing as soon as the car encounters a fault, and it will swing more seriously when it is under heavy load.
Cause analysis: Generally speaking, it is caused by uneven wear of front tires, uneven use of new tires or pads, and rim deformation. Because, when the wheel speed is fast, the torque that drives the steering wheel to rotate mainly comes from the deflection of tires or rims. When the tire or rim deviation exceeds 3mm, the yaw moment can drive the steering wheel to swing left and right.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for inspection and replace the tires or rims as appropriate.
5. Driving at a high speed on a good road, the steering wheel swings when the car is heavy and empty, and it swings seriously when it is heavy. The faster the speed, the more serious the swing.
Cause analysis: Generally, the brake drum thickness is different due to loose connecting bolts between the brake drum and the hub, loose bearing holes of the hub and eccentric drilling of the brake drum, which leads to imbalance.
Solution: Go to the repair shop for repair in time.
6. Excessive engine oil consumption
Cause analysis: Careful friends will find that there is normal lubricating oil consumption when the car is in good condition, but when the car is in poor condition, the tail gas of the car emits blue smoke. Paying attention to xsjiaoliu is equivalent to hiring a car moving expert. In fact, this means that the consumption of lubricating oil is too large. Generally speaking, the consumption of lubricating oil is nothing more than two situations: entering the combustion chamber to participate in combustion or oil leakage. The reason why engine oil can escape into the combustion chamber is mainly due to the serious wear of parts, too large fitting clearance or too high engine oil pressure, which leads to engine oil escaping into the combustion chamber. The oil leakage is mainly caused by the hardening and aging of the gasket and the valve sticking. If it is a classic car, there will generally be cases where the gasket is not tightly sealed due to aging.
Solution: You'd better judge by a maintenance engineer through a professional maintenance center and implement an effective solution.
7. There is a slight "honk" sound when the door glass rises and falls.
Cause analysis: After the car is used for a period of time, there will be a slight "click" sound when the door glass rises and falls. Especially on the driver's side. This is mainly because there is a big sandstorm in the north, and the contact between the door glass and the sealing strip often leaves some fine dust and gravel, which leads to noise when the glass rises and falls. At this time, it is necessary to clean the sealing strip of the door glass and the dust in the velvet groove of the slide in time, otherwise it will scratch the door glass.
8. When the turn signal is on, the flashing frequency is faster than usual.
Cause analysis: When moving the turn signal handle, the turn signal on the dashboard flashes faster than usual, which is a fault. Generally, it is caused by the resistance change of the line after the turn signal bulb on one side is broken.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for replacement and maintenance in time.
9. The windshield can't be cleaned when it rains lightly.
Cause analysis: it feels good to use the wiper when the rain is not big, but when the wiper is started in light rain, it will be found that the wiper will leave uneven wiping marks on the glass surface; This situation shows that the wiper blade has hardened, or the wiper blade has scars, which will cause uneven wiping and form residual dirt.
Solution: Replace the wiper or wiper film surface. However, it should be noted that the installation method and length of the wiper are different for different models and years. Some wipers only need to replace the rubber, while others need to be replaced as a whole.
10. Warm air is turned on in winter, and the windshield is full of sweet mist.
Cause analysis: This phenomenon will occur when your vehicle uses warm air, which is generally caused by slight water leakage in the cab heating water tank. The fog on the windshield is caused by the wind generated by the blower in the car driving the leaked antifreeze to blow out of the air duct and condense on the windshield. At the same time, people can feel the special taste of antifreeze. Turn off the fan at this time, and the fog will gradually disperse.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for replacement and maintenance in time.
1 1. When driving, the vehicle turns to "float"
Cause analysis: it is often caused by the front wheel "swinging head" during driving. The reasons are as follows: (1) the total successful balance of the front wheel is destroyed due to tire repair or car repair; Loose parts of transmission shaft assembly; The dynamic balance of the transmission shaft assembly is damaged; Shock absorber failure; The stiffness of leaf spring is inconsistent; Wear and relaxation of steering system parts; The front wheel alignment is incorrect.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for replacement and maintenance in time.
12. The engine temperature is suddenly too high while driving.
Cause analysis: If the coolant thermometer indicates that the vehicle will soon reach the position of 100℃ when driving, or when the cold car is started, the engine coolant temperature will rise to boiling rapidly, and it will turn normal after being replenished with coolant, but the engine power will decrease obviously. Paying attention to xsjiaoliu is equivalent to hiring a car moving expert. Explain that the engine mechanical system is faulty. Most of the reasons for this kind of failure are: serious water leakage in the cooling system; Flush the isolation water jacket and cylinder gasket of the cylinder; The thermostat main valve falls off; The fan drive belt is loose or broken; Pump shaft and impeller are loose; The fan clutch is not working properly.
Solution: Check the cause of the fault and repair and replace it accordingly.
13. The steering wheel of the vehicle is difficult to operate while driving.
Cause analysis: it may be that the specifications or air pressure of the front wheels on both sides are inconsistent; The caster angle or camber angle of the front wheel kingpins on both sides are not equal; The clearance between the front hub bearings on both sides is inconsistent; The curvature or elasticity of leaf springs on both sides are inconsistent; The wheelbase difference between the left and right sides is too large; The brake clearance of the wheel is too small or the brake drum is not round, which causes one side of the brake to be stuck and causes brake delay; Uneven loading of vehicles, etc.
Solution: You should go to the repair shop for replacement and maintenance in time.
14. Fog in headlights
Cause analysis: There is a plastic or rubber ventilation channel on the rear cover of the headlight, which must exist in the structure of the headlight, otherwise the gas with thermal expansion cannot be excluded, and this ventilation channel can only exhaust but not drain.
Solution: If there is a slight fog, it will quickly disperse after the air circulates or the headlights are turned on. If there is water or fog all the time, you need to go to a professional garage to eliminate it.
15. When the vehicle is driving at high speed, the whole vehicle will shake.
Cause analysis: When the vehicle travels normally to about 96km/h, the whole vehicle will shake. If the speed is reduced, this phenomenon will disappear. If it accelerates to about 90km/h, it will shake again, indicating that there is something wrong with the automobile chassis. The reasons for the failure are: inaccurate tire dynamic balance; The front and rear suspension, steering and transmission mechanisms are loose; Front wheel alignment. Wheelbase deviation; Half axle clearance is too large.
Solution: Eliminate the above faults in time to avoid a vicious circle and cause other faults.
16. When the car turns, the steering wheel turns from big to small, and the steering wheel turns into big.
Cause analysis: The former is called understeer, and the latter is called oversteer, indicating that there is something wrong with the steering system. There is also a steering phenomenon, which is equivalent to hiring an expert on moving cars. At first, it was understeer, and in the middle, it became oversteer and turned sharply inward. This is the most dangerous phenomenon of reversing, which is prone to accidents.
Solution: This situation only happens in individual cars with rear engines. Remember to repair it in time.
17. It is difficult for the engine to start cold. After starting, the engine vibrates and then tends to be stable. The engine began to shake at middle and low speed, and improved at high speed.
Cause analysis: it may be that the spark plug is faulty or the ignition time is too early. If it is not the fault of the spark plug, it can be judged that the ignition time is too early.
Solution: When the above faults occur, you should go to the repair shop for repair in time.
18. Black smoke from the exhaust pipe
Cause analysis: It shows that the mixture is too rich and the combustion is incomplete. The main reasons are overload of automobile engine, insufficient cylinder pressure, low engine temperature, improper adjustment of carburetor, blockage of air filter element, failure of individual cylinders and late ignition.
Solution: When troubleshooting, check whether the choke valve is fully opened in time and carry out maintenance if necessary; After flameout, look at the main nozzle from the mouth of the oiler. If oil is sprayed or dripped, the oil level in the float chamber is too high, so it should be adjusted to the specified range, and the main metering hole should be tightened or replaced. The air filter is blocked and should be cleaned, dredged or replaced.