How are daily weather conditions forecast?

Meteorological experts said that the data observed by weather stations is the basis of weather forecast. The more weather stations there are, the more accurate the forecast will be. To this end, thousands of weather stations have been established around the world, equipped with various weather radars, and multiple weather satellites have been deployed in space to form a global atmospheric monitoring network. This monitoring network conducts simultaneous observations at specified times every day, from the ground to high altitude, from land to ocean, to observe atmospheric changes in an all-round and multi-level manner, and quickly collects the observation data to the national meteorological centers of various countries, and then forwards it to all parts of the world. The meteorological station's computer processes and calculates the collected data to obtain weather maps, numerical forecast maps and other products to provide forecasting basis for forecasters.

There are many methods of weather forecasting, and there are two most commonly used. One is the traditional weather science method, which is to fill in the meteorological data of the same level at the same time on a special map, which is called a weather map. By analyzing various meteorological elements on the weather map, forecasters can understand the distribution and structure of the current weather system (such as typhoons, fronts, etc.) and determine the relationship between the weather system and specific weather (such as rain, wind, fog, etc.) and its future evolution, so as to make weather forecasts for various places. The drawing and analysis of weather maps are now done by computers. The other is the numerical forecasting method, which is gradually developed with the advancement of computer technology. The weather forecast it makes is "calculated" by computers. Since the motion of the atmosphere follows some known physical laws, according to these laws, the motion state of the atmosphere can be written as a set of partial differential equations. As long as the initial value (the current condition of the atmosphere) is given, the change of the system of equations over time can be solved. Variable values ​​from which future conditions of the atmosphere are obtained. The process of solving equations is extremely complex and requires processing a large amount of meteorological data within a specified time. Even the simplest atmospheric equation must be calculated on a high-speed computer.

Whether it is synoptic methods, numerical forecasting methods, or other forecasting methods, there are certain limitations, and the forecast conclusions are also different, which requires forecasters to synthesize various forecast results. Analyze and judge. At this time, the theoretical knowledge, accumulated experience and corresponding wisdom possessed by the forecaster become extremely important. Therefore, when weather conditions are more complex or before severe weather strikes, forecasting experts will conduct weather consultations and even exchange opinions with experts from other places and foreign countries. Based on each expressing their own opinions and fully discussing, they will come up with a more reliable forecast. Forecast opinions. After the forecaster makes the forecast, it is sent to the TV program production unit for production in a timely manner. Only then can the program host have the coolness and confidence to "point out the situation of the country".