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Li Houyi, former senior Chinese teacher of Beijing No.4 Middle School, dean of Longmen Institute of Chinese Education, once taught composition in China examinee column of CCTV. Teacher Li Houyi and the possibility of growing up jointly launched the column "Teacher Hou Yi talks about education" to continue to answer family education questions.

For more family education content, you can pay attention to Mr. Li Houyi's Tik Tok account: Mr. Houyi.

Expert | Li Houyi

Author | Zhang

Source | Possibility of growth

In 2022, the college entrance examination kicked off, and "College Entrance Examination Composition" was on the hot search, and keywords such as Dream of Red Mansions, Go and Winter Olympics entered the topic one after another.

Experts in this issue interpret the possibility of growing up. Li Houyi, a famous team dialogue teacher, discussed with him. Judging from this college entrance examination composition question, what kind of ability does the current college entrance examination composition question focus on? How to examine questions and give ideas? What new trends of education in China have been revealed?

Former Senior Chinese Teacher of Beijing No.4 Middle School

Li Houyi, Dean of Dragon Gate Chinese Education College

The possibility of growth: the first college entrance examination after the "double drop"! What signal does the composition question convey? What kind of ability do you focus on?

Li Houyi: Judging from the essay questions in the college entrance examination, we can see that Chinese learning after the double drop has sent two signals.

First, high school graduates should have the ability to think and use life.

Writing no longer simply tests your views on a certain problem, but guides you to think about life. No matter reading articles, novels or experiences, we should think about it and apply the conclusions to other life scenes.

The seven sets of essay questions in the national college entrance examination all guide and imply this point. From this point of view, the composition proposition teacher has good intentions and is a broad road for students to study and live in the future.

Second, the future composition exam can't be postponed. You will die if you bet on the topic, but you will die if you recite the model essay.

Today, there are still many teachers who are lucky enough to bet on the questions before the exam. I have a friend's child who took the college entrance examination this year. The night before the Chinese exam, the Chinese teacher frantically asked the students to recite the materials. Students and parents are exhausted, and the exam is useless.

Fortunately, it didn't work. The most terrible thing is that the children who recite the materials will be blank when they arrive at the examination room, and they will pile up hard. The result is definitely not off topic or off topic. This is gambler thinking, not educational thinking.

A really good teacher will not discuss topics, but will look for some materials, such as a detail in a novel, a picture in the Olympic Games, the achievements made in China's space industry and so on. People and things that these students come into contact with in their daily life. Find some such materials, analyze and think with students, draw some enlightenment from them, and then apply these enlightenment to other scenes of life. You will find that these principles also apply.

The purpose of training students' compositions in this way is not to gamble on topics, but to improve students' awareness of life and cultivate their ability to think about life. This is the real education.

Judging from the composition questions of the college entrance examination, the future Chinese learning will focus on cultivating students' abilities in three aspects:

1) ability to examine questions.

The understanding of the composition topic will be more and more accurate in future exams. If you start writing without knowing the topic, it must be Wan Li's digression.

2) the ability to refine ideas.

Understanding the requirements of the topic is only the first step. You need to refine your own views on the basis of understanding. This view is best to be universal and applicable in life.

3) The ability to convey and express opinions is also called the ability to infer and confirm with real life.

After extracting opinions, we should find corresponding facts or basis from our lives to analyze and confirm.

What many candidates are most worried about is that the articles written during the exam are off topic or poorly conceived, but in fact, most college entrance examination compositions are material except proposition compositions. As long as there are materials, the ideas are basically not thought out by students, but are implied in the topic or directly requested. Therefore, it is very important to examine the questions.

Possibility of growth: Many people find it difficult to write a dream of red mansions in the national A-level exam, and the hot parliament ranks first in hot search. Can you take the national Grade A exam as an example to analyze the starting point and starting point of this composition question? What kind of knowledge does this question involve? How to treat the composition test of Dream of Red Mansions? Is it more and more important to read famous books?

Source: People's Daily

Li Houyi: A detail in A Dream of Red Mansions, as the composition material in the national volume A, does not mean that reading famous works will become more and more important in the future.

Of course, reading famous books is very important. What I want to express is that there is no necessary relationship between the composition questions in the college entrance examination and the importance of reading famous books.

If it matters, it is that we can get some enlightenment from the way of reading famous books, that is, after reading famous books and reading some interesting details, we should think more about the truth contained in them and whether these truths also exist in other aspects of life.

Only by studying in this way can we learn with thinking and growth and truly form our own abilities, instead of studying for the sake of studying. Some people have read a lot of books, but they have become bookworms. Their studies, exams and lives are in a mess, and they will not be able to do it in the future.

The material of A Dream of Red Mansions in the title of this composition is just a material. Like other materials in life, it is only the introduction of an essay that is used to arouse students' thinking, but the topic comes from a dream of red mansions and has nothing to do with reading famous works.

Even if you haven't read A Dream of Red Mansions, or even removed the composition materials, the requirements and writing of this composition will not be affected at all. Don't be misled by the words "A Dream of Red Mansions".

Future students should not be misled by the source of composition materials in the exam. Focus on the logic of material narration, and see how the topic causes thinking through the material, and what opinions you can extract from it.

For example, the most important information about the college entrance examination questions is not this passage in A Dream of Red Mansions, but an idea that this passage leads to: "People give titles to plaques, or use them directly, or use them for reference, or take advantage of the situation to produce different artistic effects. This phenomenon can also inspire people in a wider field and lead to in-depth thinking. " This sentence is the most important.

Students with strong understanding can see at a glance that the word "Zhuan" in this sentence refers to the fact that some people in the material advocate taking the word "Yiran" from the sentence "Youting Yiran" in Ouyang Xiu's "Zuiweng Pavilion". This kind of person only looks at the surface and thinks that everyone writes "pavilion", so he uses it directly. This is transfer or borrowing. The reference in this sentence corresponds to Jia Zheng's view that this pavilion is made of water, and the title is "it must be biased towards water" He claimed that the word "Xie" was taken from "Xie comes from between two peaks", and someone immediately echoed it as "Xie Yu".

Reference is not completely copied, but taking into account the actual environmental factors and improving on the original basis, but it cannot be separated from the original constraints.

The last word "original because of the situation" corresponds to that Jia Baoyu completely abandoned the content of "Zuiweng Pavilion" and simply created the word "Qin Fang" from the then environment and the matter of mothering.

The title of this composition is only to guide students to think about the three words "turn", "change" and "original" through this material in A Dream of Red Mansions. Finally, the topic gives students a value orientation through Jia Zheng's evaluation of "nodding acquiescence" and "doing something unconventional", that is, originality is more difficult than replacing flowers.

In this way, the idea of this article basically came out, that is, less adaptation and more originality in life. There are too many such examples in life, ranging from the naming of a plaque to the growth of a person, the research and development of a product, the management of an enterprise, the development direction of a country, and so on. Transfer and use will only stagnate, and only originality will have a bright future.

Possibility of growth: Does the composition question of the college entrance examination convey a new signal of Chinese learning? What aspects should we pay more attention to in future Chinese learning? What proposition trends are revealed in the composition questions of the college entrance examination?

Li Houyi: Not only the composition topic, but also the whole set of Chinese test papers are sending a signal, that is, emphasizing the flexible use of knowledge and the context of thinking.

In a word, Chinese is useful and serves life. The era of learning Chinese by rote is over. This fully embodies the spirit of the new curriculum standard.

In the future Chinese learning, we should pay attention to understanding the author's views expressed in the article, and learn to arouse our own thinking, and use our own thinking to collide with those of classmates and teachers to stimulate our further thinking, and then transfer this thinking to other scenes of life. In fact, this is not just a method of Chinese learning, but all learning methods. Only by studying in this way can we really cultivate our ability.

Future college entrance examination questions will certainly continue to focus on students' life selection and arouse students' thinking. Experience life, think about life and feel life. This is the trend.

The possibility of growth: how to understand the proposition ideas of seven college entrance examination composition questions, and how should candidates break through? Which composition question impressed you the most?

Li Houyi: The second volume of the country mainly focuses on the sentence "Excellence, endless progress and endless leap". The previous words "Double Olympic City" are only an introduction. No matter a person, an immortal cause, a country, or even the whole human civilization, we should keep in mind that "Excellence is endless" even if we have made outstanding achievements at present. Only by leaping forward again will we promote the historical process and create greater glories.

Don't pay attention to whether you know the terms of Go in the composition of the first volume of the new national college entrance examination, but pay attention to the thinking of these words behind the materials. "Only when your kung fu is solid can your chess skills be improved. Some beginners are keen on pursuing skillful hands and neglect the more commonly used ones. This hand is the foundation, and the wonderful hand is creation.

Generally speaking, a good hand can only appear if you have a deep understanding of your own hands; Otherwise, it is inevitable to become a layman, and the level is not easy to improve. "This passage directly transforms the Go terminology into a language with universal regularity in life, that is, this hand is the foundation, the skillful hand is the creation, and the vulgar hand is the by-product of ignoring the foundation and blindly pursuing creation. The intention of the composition is obvious, only a solid foundation can create better, otherwise there will be bad consequences.

Don't worry that you don't know some specific current affairs news of "China * * * Communist Youth League Foundation100th Anniversary". Focus on understanding the sentence that "they have chosen the direction of innovation and development in their favorite industries and occupations, showing the power to open the future".

This sentence corresponds to the words "choice, creation and future" in the title. The proposition teacher is afraid that the students will not understand it well, so he gives the views of "scientist" and "architect" through the second paragraph of materials and interprets these three words.

This question is actually to examine students' understanding and thinking about the relationship between "the choice of industry, the creation of new ideas and methods, and a bright future", and the text can be conceived around this point.

Comparatively speaking, I prefer the composition topic of Beijing volume, and the small composition is more contextual and closer to real life; The direct proposition "learning today" of the big composition causes students to think about how to learn in the new era, which is a very practical and extremely important proposition of the times. It is of epoch-making significance for proposers to make students and even the whole society think seriously with the help of the college entrance examination.

"Online" embodies the figure of the times. "Online" can be a scene of busy life, or it can be a gesture of never going offline and a promise to stick to your post forever.

Both composition topics have left traces of the new era, giving students room to choose, which is conducive to students' practical level and talent selection.

Source: People's Daily

The key sentence of Tianjin Volume is: Ordinary fireworks are the most beautiful scenery. In this era of rampant epidemic and international turmoil, the "ordinary" life in the past has become a luxury. Therefore, ordinary fireworks are the most beautiful scenery.

Zhejiang Volume should grasp the relationship between "talent", "innovation" and "inspiration for your future development", and personal future growth and development should make a fuss about how to become a talent and how to innovate.

Possibility of growth: Does the composition proposition of the college entrance examination also inspire the composition of the senior high school entrance examination? How should candidates make the final sprint?

Li Houyi: The proposition of the senior high school entrance examination is the same in principle. The difference is that junior high school students and senior high school students understand and think differently in depth and breadth. It is suggested that students who take the senior high school entrance examination should also learn to accumulate some materials from their lives, such as the Winter Olympics, the fight against the epidemic, and Shenzhou XIV. And accumulate some touching stories and put forward some thoughts on these stories.

The advice to parents and candidates is: Never, never recite model essays and never ask questions! ! !

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