Why did the ancient country of Loulan mysteriously disappear?
The last blow to Loulan people was the plague. This is a terrible acute infectious disease, which is called "hot nest disease" in legend. One village, one disease, one family dies. In the face of the catastrophe, Loulan people chose to flee-just like the previous migration, they were forced.
Loulan country collapsed, and people blindly went to Tarim River. Where there are trees and water, they go, and where they can survive, they go as much as possible. On the road, time just caught up with the unprecedented sandstorm. It was a great battle buried in the sky. It was dark, flying sand and stones, and the sound was like a spectre. The ideal city collapsed in turbidity and ambiguity. ...
At this point, the glorious ancient city of Loulan disappeared silently from history forever.
Extended data:
The exact geographical location of the ancient city of Loulan is 89 degrees 55 minutes and 22 seconds east longitude and 40 degrees 29 minutes and 55 seconds north latitude. Covering area108,000 square meters. The remaining walls in the east and west of the city are about 4 meters high and 8 meters wide. The city wall is rammed with loess; The courtyard walls of residential areas are made of mud that binds reeds into bundles or weaves wickers.
All the wooden houses, the pillars of Hu Yangmu, and the doors and windows of the house are still clearly identifiable; There is a unique tulou in the city center, with a wall thickness of 1. 1 m and a residual height of 2 m, which faces south and seems to be the residence of the ruler of Guloulan. The mound in the east of the city turned out to be a pagoda for residents to worship Buddha.
Scientists believe that apart from the factors of crustal activity, the biggest reason is the accumulation of a lot of sediment in the river bed. Sediments from Tarim River and Peacock River gather at the mouth of Lop Nur. Over time, more and more sediment accumulated and blocked the river. Tarim River and Peacock River flow to low-lying areas in another way, forming new lakes.
In the hot climate, the old lake gradually evaporated and became a desert. Water is the source of all life in Loulan City. Lop Nur moved northward, making Loulan City thirsty, trees dying, and all citizens abandoned the city, leaving a dead city. In the raging desert storm, Loulan was finally annihilated by sand dunes.
The disappearance of Loulan is also related to people destroying the ecological balance of nature. Loulan is located on the main road of the Silk Road. Nomads such as Han and Xiongnu often provoke wars on the land of Loulan.
Over-cultivation for the benefit of the country has seriously damaged water conservancy facilities and good vegetation: "After the third century A.D., the bed of the lower reaches of the Tarim River, which flowed into Lop Nur, was blocked by wind and sand, and now it is diverted to the south in the southeast of Yuli, resulting in Loulan's" barren city "and" the country is empty for a long time, and the city is barren. "
Lop Nur was once the largest lake in the arid area of northwest China, with a water surface area of10.2 million square kilometers, which still reached 500 square kilometers at the beginning of last century. At that time, Loulan people built an ancient city of Loulan with 65,438+10,000 square meters beside Lop Nur, but it finally dried up at 1972.
The scientific investigation team of environmental drilling in Lop Nur, China Academy of Sciences conducted a comprehensive and systematic environmental scientific investigation in Lop Nur. According to preliminary inference, with the rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 70,000 to 80,000 years ago, Lop Nur moved from south to north, and the drought gradually intensified, eventually leading to the drying up of the whole lake.
Professor Zhou Kunshu from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences believes that the reasons for the drying up of Lop Nur are very complicated. This is not only a global issue, but also a regional issue. Besides natural reasons, there are also human factors.
Baidu encyclopedia-loulan
People's Network-The Mystery of Loulan Ancient City: It has disappeared many times in history.