How can Chinese medicine see a doctor without testing instruments?
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We all know Cai Huangong's story about medical taboos. Bian Que has seen various stages of the development of Cai Huangong's disease many times, and every time he told Cai Huangong to treat it, but Cai Huangong didn't think so. Finally, he was terminally ill, and there was nothing he could do. So, without the help of instruments, how did Bian Que know about Cai Huangong's disease and its development at various stages?
In fact, Bian Que knew Cai Huangong's physical condition, and judged Cai Huangong's disease through supernormal and supernormal. Supernormal and supernormal are to analyze the changes of internal organs through the changes of external body surface characteristics, that is, to see the essence through phenomena.
From the exterior to the interior is the clinical thinking characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine.
Sun Guangrong, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, once said that the change of internal mechanism is inferred from external signs and symptoms according to the parameters of four diagnoses. The combination of external factors and internal factors has gradually formed a unique and beneficial "holistic view" of the unity of man and nature and the unity of form and spirit.
"Lingshu" has: "If you look at its external response and know its internal device, you will know that it is inappropriate." That is, "if there is an inside, it must be molded outside." By observing the patient's external manifestations, we can know where the disease is, by listening to the sound, we can know which viscera the disease is, by pulse-taking, we can know how the disease came from, and by combining the four diagnoses, we can judge which viscera the disease is and its deficiency and excess.
The way of treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine is to consider the treatment of diseases from the outside to the inside. Western medicine thinks that the patient has what disease, and Chinese medicine thinks that whoever has what disease is who has what disease. The view of Chinese medicine on diseases must be that diseases increase people, what kind of diseases they belong to and at what stage.
For example, obesity, for Chinese medicine, we should not only know obesity, but also know whether it is puffiness or obesity. If you are really fat, you can use invigorating the spleen to eliminate phlegm and dampness, but if you are puffy, you will not be able to do this treatment, and you must replenish qi to be effective. In other words, the same disease needs different treatment methods, that is, different treatment methods for the same disease.
There are the same treatments for different diseases, such as overeating, gastritis caused by catching cold, angioneurotic headache, etc., all of which are treated with Wuzhuyu Decoction. The reason is that, from the perspective of Chinese medicine, these two diseases are the same syndrome after syndrome differentiation, and both belong to the cold of liver and stomach, and the evil of yin and cold is not transformed, which is called "treating different diseases at the same time", which is the main reason for the different ways of seeing a doctor between Chinese and western medicine.
How does Chinese medicine treat diseases after judging them with the method of "four diagnoses"? The treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is a dialectical treatment.
Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is a clinical thinking mode of traditional Chinese medicine.
"Treatment based on syndrome differentiation" needs to first define the concepts of syndrome, syndrome and disease:
Symptoms are punctate, such as headache, fear of cold and nausea.
Syndrome is to analyze, induce and summarize the internal related symptoms into a syndrome, which is equivalent to a line segment in mathematics and consists of points.
This disease consists of different syndromes.
Different syndromes will appear in different stages of the disease; Different diseases may have the same syndrome in the development process.
The so-called' syndrome differentiation' is to analyze, identify and understand the syndromes of diseases. Treatment is to establish corresponding treatment rules according to the results of syndrome differentiation. The process of syndrome differentiation and treatment is actually the process of understanding and solving diseases.
Different syndromes of the same disease have different treatment methods. As long as the syndromes of different diseases are the same, the same treatment method can achieve good results.
Dialectical method: under the guidance of TCM theory, analyze and summarize the clinical data obtained by four clinics, so as to determine what syndromes patients have. Many diseases in TCM have the same names and symptoms. For example, the patient's symptom is edema of lower limbs, and the diagnosis of the disease is edema.
Some diseases have different names and symptoms. For example, patients have symptoms such as fever, aversion to cold, anhidrosis and general sadness. The diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine is a cold.
It is dialectical to define the name of the disease first, and then analyze and summarize the clinical data obtained from four clinics to determine what syndromes the patient has.
In the process of illness, syndromes will change. This transformation includes natural transformation of the disease and transformation after treatment. If edema begins, it may be a syndrome of feng shui flooding. If it does not heal for a long time, it may become a syndrome of spleen deficiency or kidney deficiency.
Of course, there will be cases where there is no disease to argue and there is no disease to argue. For example, after the physical examination, the patient only found stones in the urinary tract without any symptoms and discomfort. Traditional Chinese medicine can adopt the methods of warming yang and promoting blood circulation, removing stones and benefiting water, and achieve good results.