Seeking the chronology of major events in Tang dynasty
In 6 18, the Tang Dynasty was established and the Sui Dynasty was destroyed.
From 627 to 649, the rule of Zhenguan.
At the beginning of the 7th century, Songzan Gambo unified Tubo.
At the beginning of the 8th century, the regime established by the Sogdians was named Bohai Sea.
During the same period, Pirog, the leader of Nanzhao, annexed six Nanzhao.
In the middle of the 8th century, Guli Pelo unified the Uighurs.
7 13 years-741year is the golden age of kaiyuan.
An Shi Rebellion in 755-763.
In 780, two tax laws were implemented.
875-884 peasant war in the late Tang Dynasty.
In 907, Zhu Wen, King of Liang, usurped the throne and the Tang Dynasty perished.
History of Tang dynasty
In the late period of Emperor Yang Di Yang Guang's rule, there was no way to practise autocracy. A peasant uprising broke out at the end of Sui Dynasty. In May of the 13th year of the Great Cause (6 17), Taiyuan left Tang Guogong Li Yuan to take up his troops in Jinyang, and occupied Chang 'an in November, making Sun Youyang the emperor and changing Yi Ning into Sui Gongdi. Tang Gaozu was appointed Prime Minister and became the king of the Tang Dynasty. In March of the second year of Yining (6 18), Emperor Yang Di was hanged by Minister Yu Wenhuaji in Jiangdu.
In May of the same year, Li Yuan usurped Sui as emperor, named the country Tang, abolished it as lord protector, lived in Chang 'an, and was killed in May of the following year. Sui Dynasty perished and was founded 38 years ago. Tang Gaozu is Tang Gaozu. Changed to Wude, the capital is still in Chang 'an. Then, the eldest son Li was named Prince, the second son was named King of Qin, the third son Li Xuanba died young, and the fourth son Li Yuanji was named King of Qi. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan sent Li Shimin to conquer all sides and annihilate all sides. On the fourth day of June, the ninth year of Wude, Li Shimin, who made great contributions in all aspects, launched the Xuanwu Gate Revolution, and Li and Li Yuanji were killed. Tang Gaozu abdicated as the emperor's father. Li Shimin acceded to the throne, and Li Shimin became Emperor Taizong. The following year, he was changed to Zhenguan (627-649).
Controlled by Guan Zhen.
During the period of Emperor Taizong, the Mongolian Plateau dominated by Turks was the sphere of influence, and the nationalities in the northern part of the Tang Dynasty were called Li Shimin Tiankhan. In the internal affairs, he inherited the prime minister system, developed, perfected and established the three provinces and six departments system and the imperial examination system, and also carried out the land equalization system and the rent-agent system. Regardless of his background, he recruited a large number of competent ministers, and he also valued them one by one, whether he surrendered or established old ministers. For example, Wei Zhi is a curtain minister for the former prince. After Emperor Taizong succeeded to the throne, he let bygones be bygones and followed Wei Zhi's advice. During this period, the social order was stable and the economy was prosperous, which was called "the rule of Zhenguan" in history. A summary of his political achievements "Zhenguan dignitaries" became a textbook for Japanese and Korean emperors, and it was also the object of imitation and learning for later emperors.
The sun and the moon are in the sky.
In his later years, Emperor Taizong was troubled by the problem of the prince. Prince Li Chenggan fought with Wang. As a result, Emperor Taizong abolished the two of them, and finally made Wang Jin, the ninth son of the benevolent and wise, a prince. After the death of Emperor Taizong, Li Zhi acceded to the throne for Tang Gaozong. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he accepted the invitation of Silla, and finally destroyed Goguryeo and Baekje and defeated Japanese reinforcements. Let Silla unify the Korean peninsula. In the later years of Emperor Taizong, Tang Gaozong had an affair with Wu Shi, a talented person of Emperor Taizong, which was a great unfilial act. After the death of Emperor Taizong, Wu Han entered Ganye Temple as a nun. When Emperor Gaozong was at war with Xiao Shufei, in order to compete with Xiao Shufei, the queen took the initiative to allow Emperor Gaozong to take Wu Shi back to the palace. After Wu entered the palace, he successively abolished the queen and. Under the opposition of the minister, Gao Li Zongli Wu was the queen.
Emperor Gaozong was in poor health, and many political affairs were handed over to Empress Wu. Shortly after the death of Emperor Gaozong, Wu Zetian made Prince Li Xian Emperor of Tang Zhongzong. Soon after, he abolished Zhongzong and made another son, Li Dan, emperor of Tang Ruizong. After the rebellion was put down in the first year of God-given (690), Wu Zetian abandoned the grass and proclaimed himself emperor, changing the Tang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty and making Luoyang its capital, calling it "the Holy Spirit Emperor". Wuhou became the only woman who claimed to be the emperor in the history of China dynasty, and she was in power for more than 50 years. Because of the word "Zetian" in posthumous title, some scholars have called it "Wu Zetian" since modern times, but this is not a rigorous title.
In the fifteenth year of Wu Zhou, in order to combat the influence of aristocratic families since Gaozong, Wuhou vigorously promoted officials who passed the imperial examination and entered the official position. Di Renjie is one of them. She also arranged for her nephews and cronies, such as Wu Sansi and Wu Chengsi, to be important maintenance personnel. Traditional historians criticized Wu Hou, and officials such as Suo Yuanli, Lai Junchen and Zhou Xing encouraged her to spy on her ministers through informers and torture. Wuhou often bypassed the province under the door, and Zhongshu directly gave orders to officials, which set a precedent for destroying the official system.
Butler Zhang Changzong and Xue Huaiyi, etc. However, there are also many traditional male emperors. Wuhou also highly respected Buddhism. For example, during the Wu and Zhou Dynasties, Buddhist temples were frequently built and year names were used to prove saints and Dazu. This is in sharp contrast to the worship of Taoism by the Li royal family and the titles of Zhenguan, Yonghui, Jing Yun and Kaiyuan. In addition, Wuhou became an imitator of women's struggle for power in the harem of the Tang Dynasty.
Webster is in power.
In the first year of Shenlong (705), Jing Hui, Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi and others staged a coup and restored the political power of the Tang Dynasty. Li Birthday was made King Xiang. However, Zhongzong has always been influenced by Wei Ruyun, his daughter Princess Anle and Wu Sansi, the old party member of Wuhou. Both Zhang Jianzhi and Jing Hui were exiled or killed. Wei Ruyun intends to be the second marquis of Wu, and Princess Anle once asked to be the wife of the emperor. In the fourth year of Jinglong (7 10), Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle conspired to poison Zhongzong. Wei Ruyun made King Wen emperor, wanted to make him a young emperor, and wanted to harm King Li's birthday. Li Longji, the son of Li Dan, then the king of Linzi, staged a coup with the help of his aunt Princess Taiping, killing the remnants of Wei Ruyun, Princess Anle and Wu, and setting Li Dan back.
kaiyuan flourishing age
Later, Princess Rui Zongmei of Taiping waged a power struggle with Li Longji. In the first year of Yanhe River (7 12), it gave way to the Prince and was named. In 7 13, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty executed Princess Taiping, and his followers either killed or chased her, ending this chaotic political situation known as the "Howie Rebellion". In the same year, it was changed to Kaiyuan. Tang Xuanzong reigned for 44 years. In the early period (Kaiyuan period), politics was relatively clear and economy developed rapidly. The Tang Dynasty entered its heyday, which was called "the prosperous time of Kaiyuan" in history. This period is considered to be the second heyday in China history after the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. The capital Chang 'an became the largest city in the world at that time.
Armed rebellion led by An Lushan and Shi Siming in the Tang Dynasty from 755 to 763.
In the 29th year of Zhenguan reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (74 1), the territory of Tang Dynasty. After the Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed to Tianbao, he was full of ambition and decided to indulge himself. From then on, he never asked about state affairs again. After accepting Yang Yuhuan as the imperial concubine, she became more addicted to debauchery. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty appointed Li, who was famous for his duplicity, as prime minister, and he was in office for eighteen years, and his political affairs were corrupt. After Li's death, he took Yang as his portrait. During this period, eunuchs began to intervene, and Gao Lishi's power was hot. Tang Xuanzong was overjoyed. To this end, frontier generals often provoke wars against foreigners to invite meritorious military service. At that time, because the military system was changed from the government system to the recruitment system, our time was combined with soldiers in military towns, and there was a situation in which frontier generals joined the army exclusively. Among them, An Lushan, the semi-final of the conference, is the most famous. Armed to the teeth, An Lushan took advantage of the political corruption and military emptiness in the Tang Dynasty to launch a rebellion with Shi Siming in November of the 14th year of Tianbao (755), which is known as "An Shi Rebellion" in history. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Chengdu, and for the sake of Tang Suzong and Xuanzong, Prince Hengli proclaimed himself in Lingwu. An Lushan claimed to be the Great Yan Emperor, with the title of Wu Sheng. It took eight years for the rebellion to be put down.
The decline of Datang
The Tang dynasty was greatly weakened, and from then on it turned from prosperity to decline. At this time, the land equalization system has gradually disintegrated, the phenomenon of land merger has become increasingly serious, and the tenancy adjustment system can not be implemented. The situation of the separatist regime in the buffer region has been formed.
In Tang Daizong, Ada reformed the salt law and improved the country's financial situation. In the first year of Jianzhong (780), Tang Dezong appointed Yang Yan as prime minister, and began to implement two tax laws, and collected land taxes in summer and autumn. Tang Dezong also tried to quell the San Francisco rebellion, but it caused the rebellion of Zhu Tao, Li Xilie and Zhu Zhi. As a result, it was a disaster. The war lasted for five years. In the end, although Zhu Qi and Li Xilie were defeated, the Tang Dynasty reached a compromise with other provinces on the condition that the title of king was abolished and the court recognized their local sovereignty. Since then, the separatist situation has further deepened.
Yuanhe zhongxing
Since then, there have been foreign invasions such as Tubo, Uighur and Nanzhao in the Tang Dynasty. Eunuchs took power, and the abolition of the imperial military power and even the emperor was decided by eunuchs. Our local authorities have management power independent of the central authorities. After Tang Dezong's death, he went through the transitional stage of obedience to the Emperor, and then the eunuch succeeded to the throne through Tang Xianzong, who was supported by Yong Zhen's palace attendants, and relied on the imperial power to make all the country's buffer regions submit to the Tang Dynasty at least in name, which was called "Yuanhe Zhongxing" in history.
Huichang zhongxing
In the last years of Xianzong, factional disputes between ministers headed by Niu Sengru and Li Deyu intensified, making eunuchs more powerful. Niu Party and Li Party came to power one after another, which is called "party struggle" in history.
In the ninth year of Taihe (835), Tang Wenzong, Li Xun and Zheng Zhu launched the Ganlu rebellion, and their plot to kill eunuchs failed. After the change of manna, eunuchs joined forces; The princes only used the power of the buffer region to fight against the power of eunuchs, and buried the direct conflict between the buffer region and eunuchs in the Tang Dynasty.
After Tu Wenzong's death, the situation of peasant war in the late Tang Dynasty was excellent, and Tang Wuzong succeeded to the throne and established Yuan Huichang. With the support of eunuch Chou Shiliang, Wu Zong inherited the throne through factional struggle. Because Shiliang Zhou, the eunuch who supported Wu Zong, had to personally handle state affairs for Wu Zong in view of the numerous factions in the court, Wu Zong reused Li Deyu, the leader of the Li Party, and reduced Shiliang Zhou's power. Wuzong has made a series of achievements in revitalizing the imperial court, which is known as Huichang Zhongxing in history. Wu Zong attaches importance to Taoism and forbids Buddhism and Nestorianism other than Taoism. Therefore, in the history of Buddhism, it is listed as one of the monarchs with the title of "Woods". Also known as Huichang to destroy Buddha.
Xuanzong rule
After Tang Wuzong's death, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty succeeded to the throne with the help of eunuchs. Xuanzong seemed to be a monarch who was easily used by eunuchs before he ascended the throne. But after he acceded to the throne, he made great efforts to govern. Change Tang Wuzong's policy of forbidding Buddhism and respect Buddhism again.
Descending again
After Xuanzong, Tang Yizong and Tang Xizong were famous bad emperors, which made the national situation in the Tang Dynasty go downhill all the time. In the late Tang dynasty, the war continued, the economy and politics declined, and Xuanzong was very big.
The territory of the Tang Dynasty was in the fifteenth year of Tang Xianzong Yuanhe (820). In the 13th year (859), the peasant war broke out in the late Tang Dynasty. After Huang Chao's attack, the rule of the Tang Dynasty existed in name only. After the Huang Chao Uprising, the foundation of the Tang Dynasty was broken. The imperial army managed by eunuchs also suffered heavy losses, so the prime minister and eunuchs fought for power and profit constantly. After the Huang Chao Rebellion, Tang Xizong died in the turmoil in the late Tang Dynasty, and his younger brother Tang Zhaozong succeeded him.
The separatist situation of the buffer region in the late Tang Dynasty
The demise of the Tang dynasty
Zhu Wen and Li Keyong became the man of the hour in the late Tang Dynasty. With the support of Zhu Quanzhong, the Prime Minister brought victory, and Zhu Quanzhong entered the palace to punish the eunuch. In the second year of God Blessing (905), Zhu Quanzhong greatly demoted the officials exiled by the imperial court, and killed them all in Baima Post and dumped them in the river, which is known as the disaster of Baima Post in history. Tang Zhaozong was poisoned by Zhu Wen. In the fourth year of God Blessing (907), Li Zhuchan was forced to change the national name beam, so as to change it to Kaiping and make its capital in Kaifeng. The Tang Dynasty perished and the country was founded for 290 years.