What are the three witchcraft in Xiangxi?
Uncover the three witchcraft in Xiangxi. What are the three great witchcraft?
The Mysteries of Three Witchcraft in Xiangxi
First, drive the body.
(1) It is said that ghosts who died in a foreign land and have nowhere to go can't be reincarnated, and their bodies need to be sent back to their hometown for burial. There has been a corpse-driving industry in Xiangxi since ancient times. Learning this industry requires two conditions: courage and good health. Moreover, we must learn from our teachers. Although the corpse driver is a corpse driver, he is afraid of the name corpse driver. So the insider asked them to drive the body away and said, "Master, please take a walk" or "take a walk". If the corpse owner agrees, he will take out a special piece of yellow paper and ask you to write down the name, date of birth, date of death, gender, etc. of the deceased on this yellow paper, then draw a symbol, stick it on this yellow paper, and finally hide this yellow paper on yourself. The corpse driver's dress is also very special: no matter what the weather is like, he has to wear a pair of straw sandals, a green cloth, a black belt around his waist, a blue cloth cap on his head and a bag of symbols hidden in his pocket. To be an apprentice, you must learn thirty-six tricks before you can drive a corpse. The first achievement is that the dead body "makes contributions", that is, to let the dead body stand up first. The second kind of work is "walking work", that is, letting the body stop and walk freely.
The third work is "turning work", that is, the body can turn when walking. In addition, there are "downhill workers", "bridge workers" and "dumb dog workers". The "dumb dog skill" can make the dogs along the way stop barking when they see the body. Because dead bodies are afraid of dogs barking, when dogs bark, dead bodies will be frightened, especially when dogs bite, and dead bodies have no resistance. The body will be bitten to pieces. The last kind of work is "rejuvenation work". The better the rejuvenation work, the more souls there will be, and it is especially easy to catch up with the dead body. The corpsman is completely Nocturnal Animals, wearing a tall felt hat or covering his head with a cloth. They must never see the sky. The body is not for people to see. The body was active at night. Who dares to go out in the middle of the night to see the dead who can walk? In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there were many pirates in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and a large number of Xiangxi warriors were recruited to resist Japan and died in a foreign land. So, the villagers hired a wizard with superb skills who dared to wear cassock to drive away the body.
The wizard disappeared for a few days before driving the corpse, and then set off. He found the body and cut off his head, hands and feet. No matter how many bodies there are, he drives alone. After a period of meditation and praying to the gods, he shouted to the body, "dead brothers, this is not where you died." You died in vain today. It's really hard. My parents in my hometown are looking forward to it, and my wife and younger son are looking forward to going home. Do not hesitate your soul. Urgent as a law, get up! " The bodies lying on the ground all stood up at once. Follow behind and go straight ahead. Instead of lighting lanterns, the corpse driver shook the mastermind clock in his hand, telling Nightcrawler to avoid it and informing the dog owners to lock them up. If there are more than two bodies, the corpse driver will string them one by one with a straw rope, one every seven or eight feet. When walking in the dark, the body will wear a tall blanket hat on its head and some yellow paper with calligraphy will hang down from its forehead. The corpse driver led the zombies on the road, banging gongs as they walked, and the nearby village shouted, "Go home, beast." The villagers quickly closed the door and closed the window. When it was sent home, the body changed into the old clothes it had worn and was buried by magic, even if the soul returned to its hometown. Since then, the custom of "corpse driver" has been handed down.
(2) Up to now, no one can point out the real situation of corpse driving in Xiangxi. According to people who have the custom of driving corpse monsters in Yuanling, Luxi, Chenxi and Xupu counties in western Hunan, driving corpse is not for people to see, but at night. Who dares to go out and see the dead who will leave at midnight? However, according to hotel operators in four counties, the dead were not carried by people, but jumped like sparrows. Because the corpse driver had to stay in the hotel, it was more clear that only one person drove three or five bodies. According to the local people's unanimous statement, the corpse driver is a mage in cassock. No matter how many bodies there are, he will go there alone.
As for its actual form, it is not so much "driving" the corpse as "leading", because this mage is not behind the corpse, but leading the way in front of the corpse, beating gongs while walking, so that nocturnal people can avoid them, and people with dogs lock them up. When there are multiple bodies, connect them with straw ropes, one every six or seven feet. When walking at night, the bodies were wearing tall felt hats and some yellow papers with symbols on their foreheads. The hotel that does the business of corpse drivers is not closed all year round, of course, it is day and night. There are two purposes: first, behind those two doors is the resting place of the body. They arrived before dawn and left after dusk. The body stood against the wall behind the door. If they can't leave in bad weather, they may stay for a few days and nights. No one has touched the door of this hotel except the passing corpse driver. Because of the horror of the corpse, the door has become a very mysterious and horrible forbidden area. Even the staff in the hotel didn't look around. Even if they knew there was no body there, no one wanted to see the back of the mysterious door. Second, bodies come and go after dark and before dawn. Actually, it's all at night. There is no need to close the door in order to facilitate the entry and exit of the body.
Closing the door is nothing more than theft prevention. This kind of hotel will not be stolen. Thieves dare not patronize. Even if they dare to steal, they will not steal anything. It is said that corpses can jump because of the yellow paper symbols on their faces, so when they stop at a place, the mage immediately removes the paper symbols from their faces, otherwise they will jump out by themselves. During the Anti-Japanese War, under the eaves of a family in Datong Street, Chongqing, a note was posted on the door frame, which read: "Send the corpse back to Hunan on behalf of the agency". People who have heard of "corpse removal" already know that it is corpse removal after reading the note, because he explained that "returning to Hunan" would never be confined to Hunan, nor would it be as horrible as "corpse removal". Isn't "transportation" more elegant? "Acting to transport the corpse back to Hunan" is an old man in his 60s. According to him, the above-mentioned corpse-driving situation is true, and he is not sure when and who created it. This weird method is closely related to Taoism.
He also said: it is rare for outsiders to see this, not for others to see, but no one dares to see it.
He said: this industry is difficult to do outside Xiangxi. First of all, accommodation becomes a problem. Second, people who walk at night don't know how to avoid the gong, but they come to watch the excitement. It's really scary. Third, in many villages, there is no road outside the village, and it is bound to pass through the village. In most places, corpses are not allowed to enter the village, let alone jump. At the same time, the residents along the road don't understand this situation, and they can't ask them to cooperate-they lock up the dog as soon as they hear the gong, because the dead body is afraid of dogs, and if the dog bites the clothes of the dead body, the dead body will fall. A dog is easy to deal with. It comes to a group and bites the clothes of a dead body. Even if the corpse driver is bitten, things will be very serious, but Xiangxi does not have these difficulties.
Why is there a business of "corpse driver"? Because the upper reaches of Yuanjiang River in western Hunan are barren, most poor people go to eastern Sichuan or eastern Guizhou to make a living by peddling, collecting herbs or hunting. There are many mountains in those places, malaria is very heavy, falciparum malaria is often prevalent, and the living environment is extremely bad. Except for the local Miao people, outsiders seldom go. None of the * * * people who died in those places were rich, and * * * traditionally, the concept of transporting corpses back to their hometowns for burial was very deep. However, on the rugged mountain road thousands or hundreds of miles away, even if they have money, it is difficult to transport them by vehicles or stretchers, so some people have created this strange economic way to transport the bodies back to their hometown. One person can catch several bodies, and the cost is naturally too small. As for preservation, it is said that the corpses transported by this method will not be corrupted from the time they are transported to the destination, but those that have been corrupted before transportation cannot be transported.
Second, the next method.
"Witches" in Xiangxi and "head-dropping" in Thailand are called the two great witches in Southeast Asia.
Xiangxi's method is the same as Xiangxi's corpse drive, and no one can point out its true situation until now. Different from corpse driving, the way of releasing corpses is almost all over Xiangxi, and corpse driving is mainly spread in Yuanling, Luxi, Chenxi and Xupu counties in Xiangxi.
This law is commonly known as "grass ghost" in Xiangxi area. It is said that it is only attached to women, which is harmful. Those so-called witches are called "grass ghosts". No one has seen the so-called release method and appearance, except for the saying passed down from generation to generation, but it is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Almost all Miao people believe in this law, but the weight varies from place to place.
In the conceptual world of Miao people, there are snakes, frogs, ants, caterpillars, sparrows and turtles. The method has multiplied in the person who owns it. If you can't find food, you will attack the person who owns it and ask for food. If the method master feels uncomfortable, he will vent it and endanger others.
In fact, this daunting method is not Miao's patent. Magic techniques were widely spread in ancient Jiangnan area of China. Method originally refers to insects born in utensils, later moths born after food spoilage, and insects born from other objects are also called methods. The ancients thought that this method was mysterious in nature and extremely toxic, so it was also called poison method, which could enter the human body through diet and cause diseases. The patient seems to be confused by ghosts. Most of the ancient poisonous insects mentioned by pre-Qin people refer to mysterious poisonous insects that naturally occur. Long-term superstition of poison law has formed the concept and practice of making laws to harm people. According to scholars' research, during the Warring States Period, some people in the Central Plains used and taught the method of sinning.
In many remote areas of Miao nationality, medicine in the old society was backward, and many diseases could not be effectively treated. Therefore, the ineffectiveness of each visit is often attributed to the method. With the popularization of scientific and cultural knowledge and the improvement of medical level in Miao areas, the influence of witchcraft superstition in Miao areas is getting smaller and smaller.
"Gu" is said to be a poisonous insect cultivated artificially. Fairy magic is a mysterious witchcraft passed down from ancient China. Shen Congwen wrote in Xiangxi: "... Xiangxi is both a Miao area and a bandit area. Women are more likely to let go, and men are particularly happy to kill. " Almost all Miao people believe in this law, but the weight varies from place to place. In the conceptual world of Miao people, there are snakes, frogs, ants, caterpillars, sparrows and turtles. Method: Take poisonous insects such as poisonous snakes, centipedes, mice, butterflies, lizards, scorpions and poison bee. And seal it in a container so that they can eat it themselves. Over the years, it is also a unique method that can harm people. Zheng Qiao's Tongzhi in the Song Dynasty also recorded: "The method of one trick is to put a hundred insects in a dish to make them eat each other, and the one who keeps it is a trick." Methods used in real life can be divided into three categories, namely emotional method, fear method and hatred method. These three methods are the magic weapon for Xiangxi women to monopolize love and maintain family stability.
"perceptual method"
The unique "emotional method" of Miao nationality is practiced with the "menstrual blood" and "magic" of Miao sisters. If you feed menstrual blood every month, you will get an "emotional method" for three years. After the spiritual integration of deviant and magic, the descendants of magic species will also carry the spiritual information of deviant and will be driven by deviant. It can be eaten in rice, and Miao girls regard it as a "sentimental method" to fall on lovers. It is said that most Miao girls get married at the age of 15 and 16. However, Yao Hong's sister, who looks like a fairy and pretends to be noble, has always wanted to find a handsome brother with great talent among men. In the first class, at the age of 23, I became a yellow flower girl. One day, a lover came to Miao village. They fell in love at first sight and fell in love! A few years later, my brother said to my sister, I want to go home and see my parents when I was a child. In fact, he is obsessed with his wife and children at home. Sister Yao Hong readily agreed. In the evening, she prepared bacon, native chicken, mushrooms and so on. , never particularly rich, never willing to eat, entertain her husband, and put a method.
It's night, it's sex, it's friendship After dawn, sister Yao Hong said goodbye to her husband and repeatedly told her, "I must go home in three years." My brother returned to his hometown, shared his family happiness with his ex-wife and children, and unconsciously forgot his sister Yao Hong. Three years later, he suddenly got a strange disease for no reason, saw various famous doctors, and never got better. Finally, he was terminally ill and dying. On my deathbed, I suddenly thought of Sister Yao Hong. A strong man was invited at home to carry him to Miao Village, and Sister Yao Hong sent him away. Then let her husband lie on the ground for seven days, carefully adjust and solve the problem, and finally walk him back from the gate of hell. From then on, my brother stayed in Miao village forever and gave birth to many children.
"Fear of magic"
"Fear of magic" is also commonly known as fear of medicine. In Xiangxi, it is common for a husband to be afraid of his wife and a daughter-in-law to be afraid of her mother-in-law. Some people explain that this is the whole reason for being afraid of methods. It is said that women in western Hunan don't play this trick on men. Even as a last resort, the dose is small. Enough to make men feel a little afraid of themselves. No woman wants her man to be stupid and unmanly.
C "hate the law"
Among the three methods of medicine, the number of "hating the law" is the most terrible. This trick is usually used by wives when their husbands are robbed by other women. The purpose is to force the husband to change his mind. The elders in Xiangxi said that if you are addicted to hate law, you won't get lost. Nine times out of ten, you will find that life is worse than death. Hate method is actually a chronic poison, which has a long incubation period in the human body. Generally, it takes half a year to take effect, showing the symptoms of the middle way, but it takes two or three years to show it. The length of time is mainly determined by the person who publishes the method. In a village in Wusu Township, Yuanling, in the early years, there was a bricklayer who fell in love with another woman while working outside and didn't go home for the New Year. His wife Li was very sad when she learned that he was having an affair outside. One year on the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, Li found her husband carrying a baby outside the mountain and ran into him playing with a woman in the tile shed. She was very sad and advised her husband to stop burning tiles and go back to the village with her. The man refused. In desperation, she was vicious and quietly put a hate law in the man's wine. When she left, she repeatedly hinted that the man said, "Go back to the village early if you are sick. Third sister's father is a doctor who can cure all diseases. " I don't know if Zhang bricklayer didn't understand his wife's hint, or if he was dead and didn't want to go back to his poor village. In the third year, I finally died in inexplicable pain.
What a sad story! Q: What is love in the world? Teach people life and death!
Third, Fu/Ghost Valley Magic (two versions)
"Fu" is a powerful fixed spell. The main function of "Fu" is to protect, guard, expel or suppress evil forces. Wizards use symbols to make them have long-term effects. The symbol of Chenzhou is also called "Fu Ling", "Shenfu" and "Fu Tao". Because this "symbol" was initiated by wizards in Chenzhou area, it was named "Chenzhou symbol". Wizards have special "symbols", which attack each other from generation to generation, pass on men but not women, pass on disciples but not men, and keep secrets from others. There are many people and things that commonly use "fu" among the people. Sticking "Fu" on a bridge can ensure the safety of passers-by. There are "symbols" on the production site, and the monsters dare not make trouble. Stick it on the door to ward off evil spirits and keep safe.
Legend has it that the famous strategist Guiguzi (Guiguzi: Guiguzi, a native of the State of Chu during the Warring States Period, once lived in Guiguzi, so it was named Guiguzi. He is good at self-cultivation, combining rigidity with softness, as a means of vertical and horizontal cooperation. The so-called "uniting Lian Heng", that is, uniting Lian Heng, is an important diplomatic means for the seven warring States countries to compete for hegemony. "United" means that the six countries jointly rejected Qin; "Lian Heng" means that the six countries are in charge of Qin respectively. Guiguzi's masterpiece is Guiguzi, and later generations regard it as a god. ) Living in seclusion in the Ghost Valley Cave of Tianmen Mountain, he created his own hard qigong, which is different from any school in China Wulin. Folk call it "Ghost Valley Gong". The magical function of Ghost Valley was in actual combat. As a folk sports performance, it only appeared in recent years. Its main programs include steel fork prone, nail knife bed gravel, bricklaying on the top of the head, double wind irrigation, horse splitting, car grinding, Anthurium andraeanum and so on.
Secret of witchcraft in Xiangxi
1. Avoid evil spirits: It is a negative witchcraft to use something to stop the attack of evil spirits. Evil spirits are generally decorated on buildings, vehicles and production tools, and some are worn on the body. Pumi people print many lime handprints on doors or walls. It is said that this is a ghost gesture, and ghosts dare not answer it. Hanging knives, swords, saws and horns on the lintel can also ward off evil spirits. Oroqen people hang wild boar's teeth and bear's nose on fairy pillars; Dong people hang dog heads on doors and protect their homes with dogs. Miao people hang rice screens and fishing nets on the doors. They think that the rice screen symbolizes many eyes, which can see through the whereabouts of ghosts, while the fishing net is a tool to catch ghosts, and ghosts will avoid it when they see it. Totem is also a kind of exorcism. Yi people often draw a tiger on the door. Horseshoe is often hung in northwest China and Europe. The amulet of the Han nationality and the sword of the door god town house are all evil spirits. ?
2, evocation: bring back the lost soul with witchcraft. Not only for people, but also for animals and plants. For example, Jinuo people call for the spirit of the valley god, Miao people call for the spirit of the cow god, and Han children are sick and often think that their souls are lost outside the village. Mothers had to take their children's clothes and shout their children's names outside the village, shouting for their souls. Yi people also have the custom of evoking spirits, that is, evoking spirits for elders who have been away from home for many years or died in a foreign land. Under the auspices of a wizard, he stood on a high mountain, looked at the direction in which the deceased left, called the name of the deceased, and pretended to occupy the soul of the deceased with twine. Zhuang, Maonan and other ethnic groups also have witchcraft of evoking souls and lovers. Generally, young men invite wizards, who cover their heads with sheets and ask the gods to possess them. Soon, she fell into a coma and declared that her soul was possessed, so the witch sang with the man on behalf of his lover and poured out her feelings. ?
3. Curse: It uses the magic of language to hurt each other. The most common form is face-to-face curse, such as natural death, dismemberment and so on. More is to achieve the purpose of witchcraft by cursing each other's names. The Dai people have a kind of witchcraft of "letting Luo", the purpose of which is to provoke other people's husband-wife relationship so that they can get involved. The practice is to take two bamboos from the fence of the couple's grave, carve them: "You have thorns on your chest, you can't hug each other, you can only face each other across the river", and then put them downstairs, and the couple will not be harmonious within three days. Just like there used to be a cat-steaming curse in the Han and Manchu areas of Northeast China, if the loser found that someone had stolen his property and refused to admit it, he would write the date of birth and name of the thief on paper and cook it with the cat in a steamer. The cat struggled and screamed in the cage, and the loser cursed the thief for dying like a cat. ?
4. Exorcism: It is an aggressive witchcraft against ghosts. It is often used in production, construction, treatment and funeral. This is the main job of folk wizards. When Bimo, a Yi nationality in Liangshan, treated a patient, he asked the patient to sit at the door with a bamboo dustpan on his head. Bimo shouted, "Catch the evil ghost, catch him quickly." At the same time, he ordered his assistant to throw the ashes from the fireplace at the patient's head with a shovel and drive away the ghosts with ashes. Another Yi wizard, Su Ni, placed many tributes of branches beside the fire pit when exorcising ghosts. He walked around the fire pit and knocked on the sheepskin drum, inviting all the gods down. Then he suddenly opened the mouth of an earthenware pot and said, "Catch the ghost quickly and put it in the earthenware pot." Then he immediately shut his mouth and shouted, "Ghost, I will burn you!" " After that, Suni poured the ghost in the clay pot into the fireplace and said, "Ghost, wait until the bamboo basket can hold water." There are also: paper boats burning bright candles, shooting at the bride with arrows at the wedding, carrying braziers and so on. Most of the exorcism of the Han nationality comes from Taoism. Symbols, swords, seals and mirrors are the main exorcism tools of Taoist priests. Exorcism also applies to the dead. Li people are most afraid of killing people, so complicated ceremonies must be held at the funeral: a winding road must be taken to make it difficult for the soul of the dead to return to its place, and the body must be crushed with boulders or nailed to death with stakes when buried, so that the soul of the dead can never return home, otherwise it will disturb the family. ?
5. Begging for help: refers to the local people praying for natural forces or ghosts and gods to help them achieve a certain goal in some way. If the local Han people pray for rain and worship the Dragon King, if the worship fails, they will practice witchcraft and force the Dragon King to pray for rain. For example, carrying the Dragon King around the street, uncovering the Dragon King, draining the well water and so on. ? Recommended reading: the Millennium mummy is strangely pregnant.
Does the "fallen petal cave girl" in the three evils in western Hunan really exist?
The "fallen petal cave girl" is that there are some unmarried women in the tribe who can cry the leaves down; If you don't eat or drink in the cave, you won't die for a few days. I came back without drinking or eating, and I died in a few days. The tribe thinks that she married the tree god and the well god, so these girls didn't get married before their death. After their death, others went to hold a funeral. The family of the girl in Luohuadong not only didn't hold a funeral for them, but also held a wedding to show their wedding joy. What the cave god wants, all the manpower is almost in vain. Although the heavenly kings, buddhas and bodhisattvas are miraculous, people and ghosts respect each other, but they are helpless. Superstition and real society reflect each other, which can be described as complementary opposites. ) Finally, let it die slowly. Sooner or later, everyone will think that everything is in charge of the cave god. In fact, half of them are close to women's own decisions. When a woman dies, she will think that the mountain god sent someone to pick her up, or that the mountain god changed his clothes and rode a white horse to pick her up. There are flutes and drums in his ears, his eyes glow, his face turns red, and sometimes his body emits a strange fragrance and dies laughing. When he died, he looked clear and beautiful. As the poet said, "She fell in love and died laughing." ?
There are a lot of tears in my family, and there is nothing I can do. I just thought my daughter was loved to death by God. Unexpectedly, my daughter fell in love with God because there was no loveliness in the world, and consumed her flower-like life in the situation of love between man and god and self-love, and finally died of weakness. ?
The age at which a woman falls into a hole and dies varies sooner or later, ranging from 16 to 24. The duration of illness ranges from two to five years. For a woman who falls into a cave, the most appropriate way to deal with it is to get married. A normal and happy marriage is bound to save women from this poor life. But according to custom, no one wants to take such a woman who is blessed by God home as a wife. Family members even think that marriage is the best magic and medicine. So in the end, it's all about death. ?
In the three age stages, women in western Hunan produced witches and cave-trapping women. These three kinds of women's Xie Sidia constitute a part of the mystery of Xiangxi. There is a touching tragedy and a touching poem behind this mystery. For example, in traumatology, Chen used hypnosis and local unknown herbs to complement each other. In the cold winter of the year, wizards use vast drama scenes to kill pigs and sheep, beat gongs and drums, and collect people's religious and romantic feelings. In contrast, this kind of thing is not surprising.