Brief introduction of Zou Hanxun, a famous geographer in Qing Dynasty, where are Zou Hanxun's descendants distributed?

Zou Hanxun devoted his whole life to the study of geography, paying attention to the innovative development of making the past serve the present, and making up for the shortcomings of the past through on-the-spot investigation, and advocated that "knowing the ancient times is for the present, and knowing the present is for the past". Based on the theory and method of mapping maps by latitude and longitude, he put forward the basic principles of mapping in the book "On the Map in Baoqing": 1. Clear rate (proportion); 2, sub-aiming (azimuth); 3, centering palace (coordinates); 4, measuring the amount of the sun, that is, drawing a grid with latitude and longitude, each grid is proportional to several miles. He also creatively followed all kinds of graphic signs drawn by predecessors, and constantly improved them to make them perfect, such as "overlapping people" as a mountain; Water "double line"; Road use "overlapping points" and so on. His erudition and versatility were honored as "Zheng Jia in ancient times and Jiang Dai in today" by Shilin. His geography, the history of Wei Yuan, which was famous in Kyoto at that time, and He Shaoji's calligraphy were called "three outstanding figures in Hunan". The township proverb praised: "If you can't remember it completely, ask Wei Yuan; If you can't remember clearly, ask Han Xun. " It can be seen that it was famous at that time. Zou Hanxun is young, intelligent and eager to learn. "There are few books in the countryside, so we should learn to borrow ideas from the county, record and recite by hand, and push forward in astronomy. We will never study the evolution of the square, the six books and the nine numbers." Li Yuandu: A Brief Biography of the State Dynasty. At the age of 15 or 16, Han Ji, the eldest brother of Zuo, wrote a picture of Zuo Min's Spring and Autumn Period, at the age of 16 or 17, and Han Huang, the eldest brother of Zuo Zhong, wrote books on the various classics. At the age of 18 or 19, he set out to write the Spring and Autumn Period of Six Kingdoms. After the age of 2, I studied sinology intensively. "When I was in the middle of the mountain, I was in poverty, and I was a teacher. I didn't connect with the secular world, and I didn't have many friends to teach me the benefits of the exam. I was fine-minded, and I pursued the ancient times alone." Zuo Zongtang: Preface to Zou Shuzi's Suicide Letter eventually became 36 volumes of Reading Accidental Knowledge, which was later compiled by Wang Xianqian into the sequel to the Interpretation of the Imperial Qing Classics. Han Xun learned everything, deeply understood the classics, and was close to hundred schools of thought. However, he was very good at geography, and he said that he knew the ancients and used them for today. Today and the ancients are not connected, and the official names, clan, legal laws and regulations, and Sichuan county names are all, but the places are particularly complicated and difficult to find, so the assessment is detailed. In the 19th year of Daoguang (1839), at the request of Deng Xianhe, the predecessor of the township, the school published the suicide note of Chuanshan, with 51 volumes and more than 3 volumes, which became well-known in the world. Later, he applied for the compilation of Baoqing Mansion Records in Hunan, which became a famous record in the country. He also went to Guizhou, where he successively compiled the records of Guiyang, Dading, Xingyi and Anshun, and wrote 236 volumes in five years. Written by "Xinning Situation Theory" and "Biography of Guiyang Officials", they are all in the future.

in the first year of Xianfeng (1851), he was an imperial examiner in the Xinhai period. In the spring of the following year, I went to the Ministry of Rites for a test, reported by bus, and went around Jiangsu to visit Wei Yuan, a famous fellow scholar. When Wei Yuan learned about Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province, he wrote a volume of Yao Dian Shi Tian with Wei * *, and painted "Tang Yu Tian Xiang", "Xuanji Inside and Outside" and "Yuheng Sanjian" for the book Gu Shu Wei. Xianfeng returned to Changsha from Gaoyou in the early summer of the third year. Because his younger brother Zou Hanzhang was trapped in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province with Jiang Zhongyuan, the general of the Xiang army, he joined the army, went to solve the siege of Nanchang with Zhong Yuan's younger brother Jiang Zhongshu, was known in Jiang Zhongyuan, and stayed as a military counselor. On December 16th of that year, on January 14th, 1854, the Taiping Army captured Luzhou (now Hefei) in Anhui Province. The next day, Han Xun and Jiang Zhongyuan, the commander of Luzhou, were killed in Daximen, and their bones were not collected. Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang and Shi Qi were buried at the foot of Xinhua Shouwang Mountain. Zeng Guofan linked his arms and said,

When I heard that uncle's achievements were not born, the wind and cloud changed color

He died with Min Qiao, and the sun and the moon won glory. Achievements

Zou Hanxun wrote great wealth all his life. He talked about Hunan scholars, and after Chuanshan's "Wang Fuzhi", he pushed Zou Wei's "Source", which was romantic and literary. His works on geography and geography are particularly important in the world. He himself was proud of this, saying that he wanted to "make the world know that my country and Chu have made great achievements again, and the people who talk about the land are in the grass". In geography, he comprehensively summed up the previous experience of drawing maps with latitude and longitude, and constantly enriched the theory and method of Pei Xiu's "drawing six bodies" in the Western Jin Dynasty. He believes that any place has its extremely high skewness, that is, latitude and longitude, and the position of each prefecture and county can be determined on the map by using the extremely high skewness, which is consistent with the basic principle of measuring latitude and longitude today. Han Xun's younger brother, Han Chi, and nephew Shizhi (Zi Ziyi) were hired by Hu Linyi, the governor of Hubei Province, and applied the above principles when compiling the Map of the Unification of the Qing Dynasty. The map was completed, and it was known as a careful trial, which was superior to the Map of the Inner House when Kangxi was in the Qing Dynasty. And his grandson's generation of fishermen gave full play to this principle, and adopted western learning, so that "Zou's geography and geography became the most important thing in the world." "

writings

Zou Hanxun wrote a lot in his life, including more than 3 kinds, such as The Theory of Five Equivalents, Reading Occasionally, and Notes on Water Classics. More than 46 volumes were destroyed by the war, and later generations published seven kinds of Notes on Zou Shuzi. Geographical location of the former residence

Zou Hanxun's former residence is located under the official tree in Luohong Township, Longhui County, and was built by Zou Wen Su, the father of Zou Hanxun, during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. The former residence faces south, with a total width of 71.85 meters and a depth of 84.7 meters, covering a total area of more than 6,85 square meters, with an existing construction area of about 1,4 square meters.

During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (1796-182), Wu Shanhu, the wife of Zou Wen Su, a famous Confucian of Luo Hong, inherited her father's learning and was familiar with the evolution of ancient and modern geography. Wu and her six sons, Han Ji, Han Huang, Han Xun, Han Jia, Han Zhang and Han Chi, all devoted themselves to the study of the land, and were called "the seven sons of Zou family". His descendants, Zou Daijun, Zou Yongxuan, Zou Xinyi, etc., are all famous geographers in modern China, among which Zou Hanxun is particularly outstanding and is known as the founder of modern China and geoscience. His erudition and versatility were honored as "Zheng Jia in ancient times and Jiang Dai in today" by Shilin. His philosophy and geography are called "three outstanding figures in Hunan" together with the history of Wei Yuan and He Shaoji's calligraphy, which were famous in Kyoto at that time. The township proverb praised: I can't remember it completely, ask Wei Yuan; I can't remember clearly. Ask Han Xun. "Visible its popularity at that time. The layout of the former residence

The former residence is located with its back against the verdant mountains and facing the open fields. The Chunxi River in front of the hospital meanders between the fields like a silver chain, with beautiful scenery and rich charm of the ancient Jiangnan countryside. The ecological environment around the former residence, which is "harmony between man and nature", has a unique topographical style. It is this geomantic treasure-house that has nurtured a generation of elites in modern China and geosciences. Zou Hanxun's former residence was originally a four-in-one wooden compound with two upright and five horizontal structures, and now it has two upright and three horizontal structures. There is a wooden trough door in front of the hospital, with a width of 7 meters and a depth of 4.6 meters. There is a pond in front of the trough in a half-moon shape, and there is a bluestone road from the pond to the front of the trough. There used to be six wing rooms on both sides of the slot door, which were made of brick and wood, but now they have been completely destroyed. The first main house in the hospital is a central hall, and the second is a back hall. Both main houses are one-story bungalows with a width of 27.3 meters and a depth of 12 meters, which are symmetrical. There are horizontal houses on the east and west sides, and there are three rows of horizontal houses in the west. One horizontal house is a bungalow with a width of 29 meters and a depth of 1 meters. The second horizontal house is a barn, and the second floor and the third horizontal house still have cornerstones. There are two rows of horizontal houses in the east, one of which is a bungalow with a width of 18 meters and a depth of 8 meters. The second row has been converted into brick houses. There is an empty flat in front of the main house, which is 2.8 meters long and 27.3 meters wide. The whole courtyard was originally surrounded by a bluestone fence. Roofs are all suspended from the top of the mountain with single eaves and covered with small blue tiles. They are typical houses in Qing Dynasty and have high value in the history of China folk architecture. Cultural relics protection

In July 22, Zou Hanxun's former residence was announced as a county-level cultural relics protection unit in Longhui County, and in June 26, it was announced as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit in Hunan Province. At present, cultural relics departments in Longhui County are working on the implementation of the "four haves" and the improvement of the surrounding environment, and are actively preparing for the maintenance of the former residence and the declaration of national key cultural relics protection units.