Seeking Temujin (Genghis Khan)’s ancestral clan genealogy and the origin of clan migration

. Mongolian people’s names:

⑴. There are four main types of Mongolian surnames:

① The surname is the name of the tribe:

The "Secret History of Mongolia" records that Genghis Khan Temujin's 11th ancestor Xue Rucha once captured a female prisoner named "Zhaer Chiwuti Adanghan Wuliang Hezhen". This "Wulianghezhen" "He" is the name of the tribe, "Adanghan" is the real name, and "Zhaerchiwuti" is the clan name. Therefore, the real name of the female prisoner Wu Lianghe is Adanghan, and she is a member of the Zhaerchiwuti clan. In Mongolian, "true" means female, and "evil" means male. If good and evil combine, it will be a male prisoner.

The order of names of the Mongolian people is: surname, name, clan. For example, the banners of Zasak and Taiji in the eastern Karaqin region of Inner Mongolia are both surnamed Wu. They are descendants of Hetong, the seventh grandson of Zhelemi, one of the "Four Heroes" of Genghis Khan. The reason why Haraqin was founded was that the first word of the name of the tribe was taken as the surname.

In the description of Genghis Khan on the first page of the first volume of "History of the Yuan Dynasty", his surname is directly recorded as "Temujin, surnamed Qiwowen." "Qiwowen" is also written as "Qiyan" , which is the name of the tribe to which Genghis Khan belonged. The strange surnames in today's Ordos area of ​​Inner Mongolia all come from this. The Mongolian historian Rasht said when describing the Tatar tribe in "Historical Collection": "Anyone from this tribe, if they are a man, they are called 'Tutu Heilijie', and if they are a woman, they are called 'Tutu Heiligui'. It’s so true.”

② Use the name of this clan as the surname:

Horqin, Gorros, Durbot, and Zhalaid founded by the descendants of Hesar, the second brother of Genghis Khan The surnames of Zasak and Taiji in various tribes are all Bao, which is derived from the Borjijin (also known as the Borjijit clan, where the clan name starts with the surname) where Hesar was born; Dongtumote originally lived there. The Bao family of Zhuosuotu League in eastern Inner Mongolia has the same meanings of "Bao" and "Bao" in Mongolian.

③ Use the name of the ancestor as the surname:

The Mongolian people prefer to use the name of the prominent ancestor as the surname. Tuotuo, the prime minister of the ancient Yuan Dynasty, was originally a surname of Mierjini, and his descendants took Tuotuo as their surname, such as Tuotuo Ni in the Yuan Dynasty and Tuotuo Buhua in the Ming Dynasty. Among modern people, the national hero Gada Meilin was born in the Horqin Zuoyuzhong Banner in Inner Mongolia. His ancestor's name was Mollettu. From then on, he took the character "Mo" as his surname, and the homophone was the Chinese character "Meng", so Gada Meilin's His Chinese name is Meng Qingshan. The distant ancestor of Fugerit, the charge d'affaires of the prince in the capital of Golrosqian Banner in Inner Mongolia, was a native of Wulianghe. His original surname was Wu or Wu, but the descendants of Fugerit have changed their surname to "Fu". This kind of surname change is more common in eastern Inner Mongolia.

④The surname is based on a special name in history:

It is not a surname based on tribe or clan, nor is it based on the father’s satellite name, but for historical reasons. Special names are called surnames, which is a common phenomenon among Mongolian people. When the ancient Mongols went on an expedition, the family members and baggage left behind were called "Olu", so these people who stayed behind took the surname "Olu", which was later shortened to "Ao". During the Yuan Dynasty, all those who surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty and were incorporated into the Mongolian army had the word "Mongolian" added to their surnames, which was later simplified to "Mongolian". In the Ming Dynasty, emperors often gave surnames to Mongolians. For example, the Mongolian Huo Ni was given the name "Huozhuang" in the ninth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1376); In the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1383 AD), he was given the name "Li Guan"; the Mongolian Chou Donkey returned to the Ming Dynasty in the 21st year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1388 AD), and was given the name "Li Xian", etc. These surnames later became the surnames of some Mongolian people.

⑤Using a Han surname as the surname:

When using a Han surname as the main surname, it is translated into a Han surname in Mongolian language. The literal translation is as follows: "Silat" in Mongolian means "yellow" and is translated as the surname Huang; "Chagan" means "white" and is translated as the surname Bai; "Huhe" means "blue" and is translated as the surname Lan ; "Alataan" means "gold", translated as Jin surname, etc. There are also people who use homophonic Chinese characters as their surnames. For example: if the father's name is "Bo Yan", then the homophonic "bai" of the first character of "Bo Yan" will be used as the surname; if the father's name is "Huo Ni Chi", then "Huo Ni Chi" will be used as the surname. "The homophony of the first character "Huo" is the surname, etc. Some Mongolians directly use Han surnames.

⑵. Characteristics of Mongolian names:

Mongolian names reflect the Mongolian culture, historical traditions, lifestyle and religious customs.

①Named after animals:

Mongolian men like to be named after brave and vigorous animals, such as "Aslan" (lion), "Bars" (tiger) ), "Albugu" (flowered deer), "Tuoli" (eagle), "Gertu" (falcon), "Malale" (chicking deer), etc. Mongolians are proud of their bravery, so they like powerful and ferocious animals, and most of them are named after tigers. They often add some adjectives before the word tiger, such as "Harabars" (black tiger), "Purabals" (yellow tiger), "Ulan Balsi" (red tiger), "Ebai Balsi" (male tiger), "Maobasi" (evil tiger, etc.). "Buhua" (cow) occupies an important position in the lives of the Mongolian people, so many people use it to name them, such as "Timur Buhua" (Iron Bull), "Lannan Buhua" (Golden Bull) ), "Chahan Buhua" (White Bull Bull), etc. These names reflect the Mongolian people's long-standing economic culture based on hunting and animal husbandry.

② Named after "Batu":

The Mongolian "Batu" is translated as "strong". The different Chinese translations include Batu, Badu, Botu, and Bo. All waiting. Mongolians like to add adjuncts after "Batu", such as "Batugar" (strong hand), "Batuhetan" (strong city), "Batubulin" (all strong), etc. In order to express the meaning of "strong", there are also names named after metals, such as "Altan" (gold), "Temur" (iron), "Xirimo" (pig iron), "Baolidao" (steel) , "Tucatmul" (positive iron), etc. The name of Emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty was Tu Tiemur, and the name of Emperor Taiding was Yesun Tiemur.

③Name with words of blessing and auspiciousness:

Mongolians like to name their children with words of blessing, auspiciousness and happiness. Such as "Nasutu" (longevity), "Baoyin" or "Boyantu" (blessing), "Haobitu" (blessed), "Uli Jibayar" (good luck), "Ji Ri Ga Chao" (Happiness), "Hexige" (favor), "Baicang" (rich warehouse), "Du Lengcang" (full warehouse), "Bada Ronggui" or "Mandaful" (prosperity), etc. There are also children who are named after auspicious numbers, such as "Isouda" (several), which symbolizes abundance and is an endless number, "Yedai" (nine), etc.; some people simply name their children after their grandfather, maternal grandfather or father's age. , such as "Jilintai" (sixty), "Dalantai" (seventy), "Naiyan" (eighty), etc., to pray for longevity.

4. Naming women after natural objects:

Mongolians like to name girls after stars, flowers, trees, jewelry, etc. Such as "Naren" (sun), "Saren" (moon), "Aoden" (star), "Qiqige" (flower), "Qimuge" (stamen), "Tana" (pearl) , "Hasen" (jade), "Shui Ling" (emerald), "Black Cloud" (sapphire), etc. They are also named with words that symbolize a woman's fate, such as "Hujiya" (son's fate), "Dudagula" (brother-in-law), etc. There are also names based on the month of birth.