Common sense of meteorological disaster standard
Tsunami warning levels are divided into I, II, III and IV, and the warning colors are red, orange, yellow and blue in turn, which respectively represent the tsunami disaster as particularly serious, severe, heavier and average.
Tsunami first-level warning (red)
Affected by the tsunami, it is estimated that the tidal wave height of the coastal tide gauge station is more than 3m (above the normal tidal level, the same below), and the landing section of 300km is seriously damaged, endangering the safety of life and property, and a tsunami level I warning will be issued.
Tsunami Level 2 Warning (orange)
Affected by the tsunami, it is expected that there will be a tsunami wave height of 2-3 meters at the coastal tide gauge station, and the local shore foundation will be seriously damaged, endangering the safety of life and property, and a tsunami level II warning will be issued.
Tsunami warning level 3 (yellow)
Affected by the tsunami, it is expected that the tsunami wave height of 1-2 meters will appear at the coastal tide gauge station. When houses and ships in the affected areas are damaged, a tsunami level III alarm will be issued.
Tsunami Level 4 Warning (Blue)
Affected by the tsunami, when the tsunami wave height of the coastal tide gauge station is expected to be less than 1 m, and slight losses occur in the affected areas, a tsunami level IV warning will be issued.
2. There are several weather warning signal icons.
Zheng Guoguang, director of China Meteorological Bureau, said that the 14 disaster warning signal specifically involved typhoon, rainstorm, blizzard, cold wave, gale, sandstorm, high temperature, drought, lightning, hail, frost, fog, haze and road icing.
18 of the Measures for the Issuance and Dissemination of Meteorological Disaster Warning Signals, which came into effect in June/February, stipulates the types, grades, issuers and the construction of dissemination facilities of meteorological disaster warning signals. The annex "Meteorological Disaster Warning Signals and Defense Guide" of the Measures for the Issuance and Dissemination of Meteorological Disaster Warning Signals provides 14 meteorological disaster warning signals. The level of early warning signals is generally divided into four levels according to the degree of harm, urgency and development trend that may be caused by meteorological disasters: level IV (general), level III (heavier), level II (severe) and level I (particularly severe), which are indicated by blue, we, orange and red in turn and marked in Chinese and English.
The meteorological department will determine the warning signal levels of different types of meteorological disasters according to their characteristics and intensities. China Meteorological Bureau requires meteorological departments at all levels to actively seek the support of people at all levels, strengthen the release of meteorological disaster early warning signals and the construction of communication facilities, especially pay attention to the construction of early warning signal communication facilities in remote mountainous areas and socially disadvantaged groups such as schools, kindergartens, nursing homes and rural areas, and strive to make disaster weather early warning information cover as many groups as possible.
At the same time, strengthen cooperation with radio and television, telecommunications, urban construction and other departments, and timely release early warning signal information by using TV broadcast spots, mobile phone short messages, electronic billboards in prominent positions in urban areas and other facilities to ensure correct communication, smooth channels and timely broadcast of early warning signals. In order to prevent and mitigate the adverse effects of meteorological disasters on people's lives and property safety, economic construction and social development, and the natural environment, China Meteorological Bureau issued the Trial Measures for Issuing Early Warning Signals of Sudden Meteorological Disasters in 2004.
By formulating national unified public early warning standards and signals, this move avoids the troubles and misleading that may be brought to the public by the inconsistency between signals and standards in disaster prevention and mitigation. The early warning signals issued at that time involved 1 1 kinds of sudden meteorological disasters, namely typhoon, rainstorm, high temperature, cold wave, fog, sandstorm, thunderstorm and gale, hail, blizzard and road icing.
3. Signs of various meteorological disasters
Tsunami warning levels are divided into I, II, III and IV, and the warning colors are red, orange, yellow and blue in turn, which respectively represent the tsunami disaster as particularly serious, severe, heavier and average.
The first-level tsunami warning (red) is affected by the tsunami. When it is estimated that the tsunami wave height is more than 3 meters (above the normal tide level, the same below) and the landing section is 300 kilometers, which will be seriously damaged and endanger the safety of life and property, a tsunami level I warning will be issued. Tsunami secondary warning (orange) is affected by the tsunami. It is expected that when the tsunami wave height of 2-3 meters appears at the coastal tide gauge station, and the local shore section is seriously damaged, endangering the safety of life and property, a tsunami level II warning will be issued.
Tsunami warning level 3 (yellow) is affected by the tsunami. It is expected that when the tsunami wave height of 1-2m appears at the coastal tide gauge station and houses and ships in the affected areas are damaged, a Class III tsunami warning will be issued. Tsunami warning level 4 (blue) is affected by the tsunami. It is expected that when the tsunami wave height at the coastal tide gauge station is less than 1 m, and slight losses occur in the affected area, a tsunami level IV warning will be issued.
Remember to adopt
4. How to express the weather icon?
China Meteorological Bureau: The early warning signal of sudden meteorological disasters consists of four colors, graphics and Chinese and English characters: blue, yellow, orange and red.
When typhoon, rainstorm, fog and other sudden natural disasters strike, early warning signals representing different levels and colors will appear in Shanghai media in time. The Trial Provisions of Shanghai Municipality on Issuing Warning Signals of Severe Weather, which came into effect on March 1, will build an early warning network for the whole city to deal with severe weather, so that citizens can feel at ease in the face of "emergencies".
Shanghai is an area where severe weather such as typhoons and rainstorms frequently occur. According to Yu Zhaoguo, director of the Office of Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, in recent years, Shanghai has always attached great importance to the prevention of disastrous weather, including formulating corresponding early warning measures. However, the release of severe weather warning information is not standardized enough, and a unified warning signal system and corresponding release procedures have not yet been formed.
Shanghai's "Trial Provisions" is formulated to change this situation. The warning chart is concise and easy to understand. Radio stations and TV stations broadcast disastrous weather warning signals within 15 minutes, which is a disastrous weather warning information symbol made by meteorological stations according to meteorological observation data and released to the public.
The warning signals of disastrous weather in Shanghai can be divided into five categories: typhoon, rainstorm, high temperature, low temperature and fog. Among them, typhoon and rainstorm are divided into three levels, which are represented by yellow, red and black icons respectively; High temperature, low temperature and fog are divided into two levels, which are represented by red and black icons respectively.
These icons and grade standards are concise and eye-catching, which is convenient for the public to understand, and also connects with the grades and standards prevailing in Shanghai in the past. Radio, television and other media will broadcast the information within 15 minutes after receiving the early warning signal information released or updated by the meteorological station.
Citizens can also receive relevant information through mobile phones and pagers.
5. Meteorological disaster forecast and early warning sign: rainstorm
Classification standard and prevention of early warning signals. The rainstorm warning signal is divided into four levels, which are represented by blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.
(1) rainstorm blue warning signal icon: meaning: the rainfall in 24 hours will reach more than 50 mm, or it has reached more than 50 mm and the rainstorm may continue. Guide to defense: 1. Parents, students and schools should pay special attention to weather changes and take preventive measures; 2. Cover the articles dried in the open air, and the relevant units shall do a good job in drainage and flood control in low-lying and waterlogged areas; 3. Drivers should pay attention to road water and traffic jams to ensure safety; 4. Check the drainage system of farmland and fish ponds to reduce the water level of easily flooded fish ponds.
(2) yellow rainstorm warning signal icon: meaning: 12 hours of rainfall will reach more than 50 mm, or 24 hours of rainfall will reach more than 75 mm, or it has reached more than 75 mm, and there may be heavy rain. Guide to defense: 1. Parents, students and schools should pay special attention to weather changes and take preventive measures; 2. Cover the articles dried in the open air, and the relevant units shall do a good job in drainage and flood control in low-lying and waterlogged areas; 3. Drivers should pay attention to road water and traffic jams to ensure safety; 4. Check the drainage system of farmland and fish ponds to reduce the water level of easily flooded fish ponds.
(3) Rainstorm orange warning signal icon: meaning: the rainfall in 6 hours will reach more than 50 mm, or 12 hours will reach more than 75 mm, or the rainfall in 24 hours will reach more than 100 mm, or it has reached more than 100 mm, and there may be continued rainstorms. Guide to defense: 1. Suspend outdoor work in the open air and try to stay indoors or in a safe place to avoid the rain; 2. Relevant emergency departments and rescue units should strengthen their duty, closely monitor the disaster situation, cut off dangerous outdoor power supply in low-lying areas, and implement countermeasures; The traffic management department should implement traffic guidance or control in the stagnant water area; 4. Move residents in dangerous areas and dangerous houses to safe places for shelter from the rain; 5. Others are the same as the yellow rainstorm warning signal.
(4) Rainstorm red warning signal icon: Meaning: The rainfall in 6 hours will be above 100 mm, or 12 hours will be above 150 mm, or the rainfall in 24 hours will be above 200 mm or above 100 mm. Rainstorms may continue to occur. Guide to defense: 1. Personnel should stay in a safe place, and outdoor personnel should take refuge in a safe place immediately; 2. Relevant emergency departments and emergency rescue units are ready to start emergency rescue plans at any time; 3. Schools, kindergartens and other relevant units of existing students and employees should take special protective measures, and units in dangerous areas should suspend classes or suspend business and immediately move to safe places for temporary refuge; 4. Other orange warning signals of the same rainstorm.
6. Meteorological knowledge, what are typhoons, rainstorms and lightning?
According to Zhang Guocai, Director of Disaster Reduction Department of China Meteorological Bureau and Director of National Meteorological Center.
Shao, in the future, residents all over the country will see the blue, yellow, orange and red symbols on the disaster weather map through TV and MMS mobile phones, which are the meteorological departments reminding you to take precautions against weather disasters, and their degrees are average, heavy, serious and particularly serious. According to these signals, residents should take corresponding measures.
The meteorological department will issue meteorological disaster warning in four colors: blue, yellow, orange and red. Yesterday, the reporter learned from the China Meteorological Bureau that China has established an "urban meteorological disaster early warning system" to deal with all kinds of disastrous weather and minimize casualties and property losses caused by it.
According to reports, the early warning signal of sudden meteorological disasters released in September consists of early warning colors, graphics and Chinese and English characters. The warning signals of disastrous weather are divided into eleven categories, such as typhoon, rainstorm, high temperature, cold wave, fog, thunderstorm and gale, sandstorm, hail, blizzard and road icing. Early warning signals are generally divided into four levels. According to the severity and urgency of disasters, the colors are blue, yellow, orange and red respectively.
The establishment of meteorological disaster grade color is only one of the contents of "urban meteorological disaster early warning system" in China. It is reported that after unifying the national warning colors of disastrous weather, the China Meteorological Bureau also advocates the establishment of early warning systems in urban central areas and prosperous areas, including meteorological early warning towers and early warning balloons, to let people know the disaster level. At the same time, after the release of the disaster weather forecast, TV, radio, SMS, Internet, voice station and other forms will be used in the shortest time.
After the national warning color of urban meteorological disasters is released, Beijing will follow closely. Yesterday, when the reporter interviewed Guo Hu, director of the Municipal Meteorological Observatory, he introduced that Beijing will also use the four warning colors of "blue, yellow, orange and red" to indicate various kinds of disaster weather. However, due to the different meteorological disasters and their intensity, Beijing meteorological department will use these early warning signals according to its own situation. According to Director Guo Hu, at present, Beijing has established "sudden weather"
7. Typhoon meteorological map
(1) Typhoon blue warning signal icon: meaning: it may be affected by tropical depression within 24 hours, with an average wind force of above 6 or a gust of above 7; Or it has been affected by the tropical depression, with an average wind force of 6-7, or a gust of 7-8 and may continue.
(2) Typhoon yellow warning signal icon: meaning: it may be affected by tropical storms within 24 hours, with an average wind force of 8 or above or a gust of 9 or above; Or it has been affected by tropical storms, with an average wind force of 8~9, or a gust of 9~ 10 and may continue. (3) Typhoon orange warning signal icon: meaning: 12 hours may be affected by a strong tropical storm, and the average wind force may reach 10 or above, or the gust 1 1 above; Or have been affected by a strong tropical storm, the average wind force 10~ 1 1, or the gust112 may continue.
(4) Typhoon red warning signal icon: meaning: it may or may have been affected by typhoon within 6 hours, and the average wind power may reach above 12, or it has reached above 12 and may continue.