Aisingiorro Hongyang Palace in Hongyang
In December of the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi decided to build palaces, palace rooms, city towers, soldiers' barracks and other facilities in Zhengjiazhuang, Changping Mansion, Shuntianfu, with Shang Zhongshun and Lang Zhongshun as supervisors, and the Construction Department, Yuan Wailang, DuDu Department and Lang Zhongshun as supervisors. The project includes 299 palaces, 96 verandahs, 65,438+089 palaces, 30 Antarctic temples, 10 towers, 2 city gates, 590-foot-9-inch city walls, 4 running water ditches, 10 stone bridges, 1 rolling dams and/kloc. Repair the 524-foot earthen city and dig a 667-foot river around it. There are *** 1973 restaurants, tea rooms, soldiers' houses and bunks, and rammed earth walls of 5,350 feet, 7 feet, 1 inch. In addition, there are existing items such as Chinese fir, copper, tin, paper and so on. Procurement items such as pine, cypress, basswood, camphor wood, elm, bluestone, bean dregs stone, bamboo and glue. , plus craftsman silver, * * * 268762 25 yuan 6 points 3 points.
The antique hotel was built on the site of the old house.
According to the "Draft of Qing History", "In the first year of Yongzheng, he was ordered to build a house in Zhengjiazhuang, Qixian County (Shanxi Province), and soldiers were stationed and moved." What is said in the Draft of the History of the Qing Dynasty is different from the historical facts in time (built in the 57th year of Kangxi instead of the first year of Yongzheng) and place (here Zhengjiazhuang is in Changping instead of Qixian, Shanxi).
In October of the 60th year of Kangxi, Zhengjiazhuang Project was completed. In March of the following year, Emperor Kangxi mentioned this matter for the first time in his conversation with the university students and the commander-in-chief: "In the past, because the soldiers were ordinary and there was not enough housing, I issued a special decree to increase the amount of money from the state treasury and build a house in the Eight Banners teaching ground to let Yi and others live. Looking closely at the Eight Banners, the more soldiers there are, the more difficult it is to house. I think Zhengjiazhuang has built palaces and soldiers' houses, and I want my brother to live alone. Today, under the command of the assistants of the Eight Banners, one person was stationed. The Manchurian soldiers sent here were composed of eight commanders, and the Han army was composed of two commanders. We come and go here, just waiting for the Iraqi guards to wait on us. "Emperor Kangxi did not specify which prince would be moved to other places, but Yong Zhengdi revealed a few months after he ascended the throne that the imperial examination had intended to let his second brother move to Zhengjiazhuang." I dare not do this without knowing the purpose. " It can be seen that Emperor Kangxi deliberately abolished it. Because it was inconvenient for Emperor Kangxi to make any noise, he built a place to house the abandoned prince, so it was temporarily called Wang Fu. According to common sense, he won't let his underage brother live far away in the suburbs. Among the adult princes, except the eldest son of the emperor who was placed under house arrest and the abandoned son Yin Wei who was confined in Xian 'an Palace, other princes were often assigned to handle government affairs, and they took turns to be on duty in the Forbidden City and Changchun Garden during Emperor Kangxi's absence from Beijing. If you move to Zhengjiazhuang, it will not only be inconvenient to go to court, but also greatly limit your task. Besides, Emperor Kangxi loved his son so much that he never had the heart to keep the prince busy. The eldest son of the emperor, the ladder, has been placed under house arrest and does not need to be moved; Only the deposed Prince Yin Ren was confined in the Forbidden City for several years, which was neither a long-term solution nor conducive to the re-establishment of the Chu army. Therefore, although the Western Expedition was still going on and the military expenditure was huge, Emperor Kangxi resolutely started the Zhengjiazhuang project, which took three years to complete.
Finally, Zhengjiazhuang was chosen as the residence of the abandoned Prince Yin Yong. Emperor Kangxi was well thought out. Tangquan is near here. Emperor Kangxi was ill in his later years, and his foot was seriously ill, so he needed to go to Tangquan for recuperation frequently. It is relatively far from the capital, and a large number of troops are stationed. Yin Yong moved here, isolated from the political center, so it was difficult to contact the capital and reunite his followers. This is also the place where Emperor Kangxi visited the Great Wall and traveled to and from Beijing. Building a palace here is not only convenient for rest, but also beneficial for him to personally understand and master the trend of abandoned children and take countermeasures in time.
On the seventh day of May of the first year of Yongzheng, Yongzheng ordered Zongren Mansion: "Zhengjiazhuang built a house, sent troops to station, or wanted to make his second brother live, without a clear purpose, he dared not do it. Now that Hongxi is the king, it is reasonable for Yi Yinzi to live here. " Instead of moving, it was replaced by its son Hong, or related to the physical condition at this time.
Yong Zhengdi's move was based on his willingness to obey the imperial examination. Are there any other reasons?
Wangfugujing
The Wang Fu in Zhengjiazhuang has been completed. If you move to Hongxi, the son of the abandoned prince, and get a royal title, it will be justified, and there is no need to build a new mansion for it in Beijing. Emperor Kangxi considered the construction of Zhengjiazhuang, the palace and the garrison of the Eight Banners as a whole, and Yong Zhengdi followed this idea. Therefore, the relocation of Hongxi and the establishment of the Eight Banners garrison in Zhengjiazhuang are carried out at the same time, which can alleviate the problems of the Eight Banners in Beijing, such as the large number of soldiers and the difficulty in housing, to some extent. Different from the last years of Kangxi, in the early years of Yongzheng, the abandoned son and son of Prince Yin Yong did not pose a direct threat to the imperial power. But in the long run, moving the abandoned prince out of Beijing and keeping him on the edge of the political arena forever is really conducive to the strengthening and stability of imperial power, especially to ensuring the political stability when the throne is inherited. Therefore, ordering Hong to lead his children to move to Zhengjiazhuang is still a preventive measure in essence, which is exactly the same as the original intention of Emperor Kangxi to build Zhengjiazhuang. However, facts show that the ultimate goal of the two emperors in Kang Yong was to put an end to the desire to abolish the crown prince and his son's throne. On the contrary, because Zhengjiazhuang is far away from the suburbs, the palace is self-contained and the environment is relatively relaxed, which objectively provides a rare condition for Hong to gradually appear "excessive control" behavior here (see below).
When Yong Zhengdi expressly ordered Hongxi to move the capital to Zhengjiazhuang, he ordered Hengqin Tat Wong and others to handle the "separation" between Hongxi and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, so as to establish a long-term business. The purpose is to say: "(Hongxi) All materials should be sufficient and don't make subordinates embarrassed and tired. It is more than 20 miles away from the capital. As one of the kings living in the city, it is not convenient to walk. In addition to Iraq's condolences to Beijing, I will also discuss how to go to work and how to shoot everything. "
Soon, after several rounds of negotiations and several revisions by Zhu Pi, a series of matters related to the migration of Hong were roughly determined. For example, once the house in Zhengjiazhuang is repaired, it will be handed over to Qin for an auspicious day, and the children of Li (county) Wang (Hongxi) will move with 13 people (or 1 1 people to be tested); At that time, the Ministry of War will pick up the car and bring the necessary items. Distribution 185 people are sincere kings (Yun Zhi), 80 people are simple kings (Ya 'er Jiang 'a) and 80 people (Yun Zhi's second son) to Li Wang, a total of 345 people; Due to the first separation, Li Wang now has an army, a leader, a vest and a deacon. Give money and food to let officials walk evenly; Only Li Wang's guards and officials guarded it, and the number was insufficient. 600 soldiers stationed in Zhengjiazhuang guarded (north and south) city gates and (patrol) streets, and added four piles to guard Wang Fu. Each pile is guarded by Zhang Jing or Xiaoqi School, with 65,438+00 soldiers on duty. There are more than 400 houses in Zhengjiazhuang. Yun Qi and others plan to visit them in person. If they are enough, they will be assigned a life. If it is not enough, it will be added.
Zhengjiazhuang is more than 20 miles away from the capital. Besides traveling alone, it is not convenient for Li Wang to walk in Beijing. On the day when the emperor ascended to the temple, Li Wang listened to the news from Beijing, and attended a meeting every month and shot an arrow. Meeting there, shooting arrows, but leading guards, officials, deacons and so on. ; If the host goes, stop the daily party and manage the king not to come to Beijing; On the first day of the first month, the children in the hall were sacrificed, the table was played as a teacher, and the altar hall was exhausted to manage the king. Give it to the general manager of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and repair a house as Richard Wang's residence in Beijing. Li Wangling's salary is paid by the local flag as usual. When receiving the salary, one of Wang's guards, together with Chang Shi and Cheng Shouwei, went to Tongzhou to collect it. Because Zhengjiazhuang is near Qinghe, the rations of deacons and others are distributed by the department and Qinghe warehouse. Every year from 1 month to1February, King Richard went to Beijing several times to pay his respects to his master, attend meetings, shoot arrows, open the city gates, and walk in and out on weekdays, all of which were clearly recorded by the city guards, summarized and listed at the end of the year and reported to Zongren House for the record. After full preparation, it was already autumn, and Hongxi led more than a dozen children to move to Zhengjiazhuang.
Hongxi had seven wives and seven concubines in her life (Di Fujin, Gilmore of Harqin Wuliang, daughter of Garzang, the third emperor of Kangxi; Have six concubines), * * * gave birth to 18 sons, 17 daughters and ***35 children. Hongxi lived in Zhengjiazhuang for 17 years (from the first year of Yongzheng to the fourth year of Qianlong), that is, from the age of 29 to 46, she gave birth to 1 1 children (7 children and 4 girls), accounting for about 3 1% of the total number of her children. Similar to Nai's father, Hong, who has never been confused, still has strong fertility and good health and energy.
Hongxi lives far away in Zhengjiazhuang Palace, and has never been assigned to government affairs except attending court meetings, archery and a few sacrificial activities in Beijing. However, his living conditions are quite generous. Even when more than a hundred eunuchs who followed him moved from Beijing to Zhengjiazhuang, the Ministry of Internal Affairs made an exception and gave each person 1 2 silver to support them. In the sixth year of Yongzheng, Hongxi was promoted to the position of Prince. Although his father, Yin Yong, failed to ascend to the throne and died in the second year of Yongzheng, he showed gratitude and love for Yong Zhengdi. As soon as Yongzheng came to power, he hated the blow to his brothers.
In the 13th year of Yongzheng, Yong Zhengdi died. As early as August of the first year of Yongzheng, Li Hong, the fourth son of Chu Jun, was secretly designated as the heir to the throne in order to be emperor Qianlong. At this time, Hong was 42 years old. I have doubts about this son 17 years younger than myself, born to an ordinary princess (or Han Chinese). In the third year of Qianlong (1738), Yong Lian, the eldest son of Chu Jun secretly established by Emperor Qianlong, died at the age of 9. Emperor Qianlong informed Zhuang Yunlu, Prince Hiroyuki and Minister of Military Aircraft: "Although there was no ceremony of canonization, I have been appointed as the Crown Prince." According to the specifications of the Crown Prince, he ordered a funeral for Yong Lian and took out the secret document hidden behind the fair plaque, "telling people all over the world to know about it".
Hong lives in the imperial clan of his peers. He is the eldest son of the abandoned prince. These objective conditions facilitated his communication with members of the imperial clan.
He is closely related to his sixteenth uncle Zhuang Yunlu, who is two years younger than him, and his nephews Hong Yi (the eldest son), Hong Chang (the eldest son of Yi 'an-de), Hong Pu (the second son of Zhuang Yinlu) and Jiao Hong (the youngest son of Yi 'an-de), and they are secretive. He also used the convenience of managing the affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to exchange official duties with Hong privately. Hongxi, on the other hand, relied on Zhengjiazhuang Wang Fu's being far away from the capital, thinking that he could be less bound, and competed to imitate the national system and set up an accounting department and a clerical department in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. He secretly asked Aetna, a wizard of witchcraft: Can Junggar go to Beijing? Is the world at peace? How is the emperor's life? Will I be promoted in the future? These words were obviously rebellious in the eyes of people at that time, and were later confessed by Antai, which became an important crime of Hongxi.
In May of the 4th year of Qianlong, Hongxi's last son (ranked 18th) was born. Managing Wang Fu's Hongxi wing adds a festive atmosphere to our children, but it is followed by the bad luck of Wang Fu's master.
In August of that year, on the 29th birthday of Emperor Qianlong, Hongxi specially made a goose yellow shoulder strap as a birthday present. Goose yellow was dedicated to the emperor, but Hongxi's move aroused the vigilance of Emperor Qianlong. After Hongxi was convicted, Emperor Qianlong clearly expressed his doubts: "I don't accept it, I keep it for my own use."
/kloc-in early October, Hong was accused of forming a party with He Hongyi. At the hearing of Zongrenfu, he defended himself without losing his arrogance. He was demoted by Emperor Qianlong as "the son of the Old East Palace, and there is no doubt about his intentions". Therefore, the prince was dismissed and was still sent back to live in Zhengjiazhuang, and was not allowed to leave the city. Yun Lu, Hong Qiang and others were also punished (according to media reports, most of these imperial clan members were appointed later). Hong's tenth brother, Hong (Japan), was ordered to attack the king of Fengli County, and his residence was in Beixinqiao Hutong, Dongzhimen, Beijing.
Two months later, due to the confession of the wizard Antai, Emperor Qianlong thought that Hongxi had "another intention" and his crime was heavier than Yin Gui and Yin Gui. Therefore, Hong was handed over to the general manager of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and was banned from activities in Jingshan Orchard forever. In addition to clan registration, it was renamed 46 (then 46 years old); Zhuangzi (female), the Zheng family who lives with Hongxi, came to Beijing and was handed over to Wang Hongri of Lixian County for control.
In September of the seventh year of Qianlong, Hongxi died in the Forbidden City at the age of 49. He was buried in Nandian Village, Huang Tu, southwest of Zhengjiazhuang.
In the twenty-eight years of Qianlong, the aim was to abolish the officers and men of Zhengjiazhuang who were stationed in the city and below the garrison commander, and to supplement the Fujian Navy. In March of the following year,
According to Hong's cousin and commander of the imperial clan, all the officers and men of Zhengjiazhuang moved to Fuzhou, and their vacant houses were destroyed. Please give them to the civil and military officials of Changping Prefecture for the time being. As soon as all the soldiers set out, their houses were handed over to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and their land was handed over to Changping House. The soldiers initially received the equipment, and the city guards and assistants led the customs clearance chart. After completion, it will be handed over to residents and workers for inspection. The soldiers rushed to the ground. It's a reward. You don't have to pay it back. The performance was allowed. It has been 22 years since Hong died. In the first month of the forty-third year of Qianlong, Hongxi, who died thirty-six years ago, resumed her original name and received her ancestral home.
The palace in Zhengjiazhuang was built for the waste prince Yin Ren. His eldest son Hong became famous in this letter, and died because Hong was sentenced to be a knight and returned to Beijing. Subsequently, the Zhengjiazhuang garrison ceased to exist because the officers and men moved to Fuzhou to supplement the Fujian Naval Battalion.
The rise and fall of Zhengjiazhuang lasted about half a century (from the 57th year of Kangxi to the 29th year of Qianlong).
Why is Zhengjiazhuang commonly known as Pingxifu? According to Professor Han Guanghui of Peking University, there are two villages in the southern border of Changping District, namely, North Zhengjiazhuang (now Zhenggezhuang) and South Zhengjiazhuang. "Pingxifu, formerly known as Nanzhengjiazhuang." There is an east-west correspondence between the bungalow (now Fangping) and the Wang Fu built in Nanzhengjiazhuang, so after the completion of Wang Mi, the place name of Nanzhengjiazhuang was changed to Pingxifu. According to the naming principle of ancient place names in China, Pingxifu is the palace to the west of the bungalow. It is rumored that the Pingxifu is one of the San Francisco in the early Qing Dynasty and the residence of Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxifu, but it is totally irrelevant.
Hehong lived in the early and middle period of Kanggan's heyday after three generations. This is the last flourishing age of feudal society in China, and its outstanding feature is that the centralization and strengthening of imperial power reached the highest peak in the history of the development of imperial power in China. Yin Yong and Hong Xian are the future heirs of the imperial power in Qing Dynasty. If he succeeds to the throne, Hong is the undisputed next generation heir to the throne. However, the step difference from the throne to the throne made Yin Yong and his son always in a passive position in obtaining the supreme power will, which was not enough to compete with the owners of the imperial power, and their fate of life and death was also in the hands of the imperial power. After being deposed, he and his son Hong still secretly hoped to get the throne and revealed it. This is driven by its irresistible desire for power, which is due to its nature. However, under the increasingly powerful imperial power, it is bound to give people a handle, aggravate their crimes, or bring about their own destruction.
Mr. Wu, an official in the late Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem "Building a Store Secretly": "The son of heaven is no different from the emperor, and Sun will go to Zhengjiazhuang all his life. From now on, in Zheng Da Guangmingtang, it is forbidden to hide the plaque. " The language of "no contact between old people and dead people" is not true, but Hehong and his son have gone through a tortuous road from Xian 'an Palace to Zhengjiazhuang for nearly 30 years (from 51 years of Kangxi to 4 years of Qianlong). This road soaked the forbearance, struggle and helplessness of the members of the royal family in the power struggle in the early Qing Dynasty, which showed the high concentration and strengthening of Kanggan's imperial power and also reflected the changes of the system of succession to the throne in the Qing Dynasty.