Geomantic layout of Ma Shi ancestral hall in Chaozhou
During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Ma was born in this scholarly family, with dignified appearance, heavy eyebrows and big ears, fair and delicate skin color, and was deeply loved by people. He is a clever boy, loves reading and has a good reputation. He said: "It is better to live in the world than to kill. The official should seek retrogression and not progress. " In the fourth year of the apocalypse (1624), it was a great year. Seven years later, in the fourth year of Chongzhen (163 1), he was admitted as a scholar, and he was Jishi Shu. After three years' further study, he was awarded as an editor-in-chief, with great talent.
In the eleventh year (1638), the emperor ordered a group of ci ministers from imperial academy to go to various places to publicize the political situation, and Shi Qi went to Shandong, Huguang and Jiangxi. When he was in Jiangxi, Hou Yao once boasted that he was good at judging talents, and once eliminated 4000 bad papers a year. The horse was surprised and said, "You choose 4,000 people a year, which is too much! Unfortunately, they cut off their access and lost the opportunity to learn. " The lower back hesitated and said, "What should I do?" Shi Qi suggested retesting and waiting. The lower back thought the method was feasible, and as a result, more than half of the talents were recovered. He preached all the way, and local officials and governors gave gifts one after another, but they were all declined and got nothing.
In the seventeenth year (1644), the emperor made Zuo Chunfang Zuo Yude, and he entered the palace to teach the prince moral etiquette. Soon, my father died and went back to his hometown to take care of the funeral. His favorite pupil, Ni Changwei, a Suzhou local official, rushed to Ganlu and offered 3,200 silver to help the funeral. He declined politely, saying, "There is a famine in Suzhou at present, so you should help the victims!" "
After the funeral, he returned to the capital and was transferred to Zuo Shu, who was in charge of teaching and disciplining the upper-class doctor Hou Qing. At that time, Li Zicheng and Zhang, the peasant rebels, pushed northward, and Emperor Chongzhen called officials to discuss countermeasures. Ma said: "Apart from providing easy things, it is difficult to break through. People are afraid of offering and attach themselves to running, not running but to bitter soldiers. Today, if you want to make people feel sorry, only the governor can make the soldiers stop abusing the people, and if the people don't suffer, chaos can be eliminated. " He advocated the purge of army discipline, that soldiers did not cherish the people, and that the people lived a stable life, so he did not support Li Zicheng. The emperor felt that what he said was reasonable and ordered all localities to purge the army and stabilize the people's hearts.
Ma returned to the official residence and said with tears: "The current situation is too chaotic to save!" Sure enough, in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), on March 17th, the peasant uprising army of Li Zicheng, the "king of attacking", had surrounded Beijing. Knowing that the tide was over, Zong Yi Zhu Youjian forced Empress Zhou to commit suicide, drew her sword and hacked to death her 6-year-old daughter Princess Zhaoren, and hacked to death Princess Changping, who was 15 years old, shouting, "Why were you born in my house?" After that, he wanted to leave the city at night, but all the gates were closely guarded and he had to return to the palace.
In the early morning of 19th, the Imperial Capital was breached, and all the officials fled for their lives. The 35-year-old emperor was cornered and was taken out of the palace by eunuch Wang Chengen, who fled to Wanshou Mountain (commonly known as Jingshan Park) behind the palace and hanged himself with a white silk in Shouhuang Pavilion. There are several words written on his skirt: "I am cool and humble, and I was scolded at work ... but all the ministers misunderstood me." I'm ashamed to see my ancestors when I'm dead, and I have to go to the crown to cover my face. If the thief splits, no one is injured. " Wang Chengen committed suicide, too.
The Ming Dynasty perished, ending the 274-year Ming Dynasty. This year, Fu Lin, the ninth son of Huang Taiji in the Qing Dynasty, ascended the throne, and the title was changed to "Shunzhi", which opened the history of the Qing Dynasty.
On that day, the horse bathed and changed clothes, worshiping Huang En in the north and Lady Mao in the south. Then, he sat on the dining table, picked up bamboo chopsticks and asked, "Is the emperor there? Is Wang An in the East Palace 2? " A servant replied, "The emperor has left the city." Another servant said, "The emperor is dead and two kings have been arrested." Shi Qi sighed and said, "Alas, how can I feel at ease if I don't die!" Xu Da, the servant, said, "What about the old lady when the master is dead?" Shi Qi said, "I'm worried about insulting my wife!" As he spoke, he held out more than 20 volumes of poems on the table and ordered them to be sent to Wuxi quickly. He also took out two letters, one from his brother Ma Shiming and the other from his son, and ordered them to be sent to his hometown in Wuxi quickly. "。
At this moment, his two concubines, Zhu and Li, came in neatly dressed. Shi Qi asked, "If I die, where will you go?" The two men replied: "I heard that the master is going to commit suicide, and we will die with you." Then he hanged himself. Shi Qi ordered his servant to buy three coffins, two for his two concubines and one for himself. He said: "I owe my country for thirteen years, four generations. Today, our country is ruined. If you divide me, I will die. I will benefit from my second concubine. Heaven is thick with me! " Back to my son, I will do my best for Mrs. Tai. He ordered all the servants to go out and immediately wrote on the wall: "The horse and his second wife died here. "Then, the left hand holding the chair, right hand touching the tea table, sit up straight. Soon, he committed suicide with a white silk.
Earlier, Cheng De, the minister of the Ministry of War, wrote a note to Ma and was later killed in Donghuamen. His proté gé Gong Tingxiang heard that the teacher committed suicide, and also boarded the Wuding Bridge and drowned himself. Other students blocked Yin Xi, Cai Feng, Qi Xun, Xiao Qi, Wang Han, Wan Faxiang, Liu Bo and Liu Ri. They all committed suicide without humiliating their master. Wu Zhongluan, the minister of rites, is from Wujin. Although he is in Zhejiang, he said, "Ma Jun will die!" When the Qing soldiers hit Ningbo, he said, "You often die. I can't die as a distant minister. Now is the time! " He quickly crossed the sea and came to the Confucius Temple in Chang Guowei (now Dinghai County). He held the throne of Confucius in his hand and set himself on fire. "Wuxi Jingui County Records" also said: "Ma Zhong died in the world, and the capital reported it to him, from far and near. Only Master Zhou Gongmao congratulated Khmer Rouge. " Praise its death day.
In the ninth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1652), the emperor issued a letter to investigate the loyal ministers of the former dynasty and listed 20 people including Ma. The following year, the imperial court ordered the construction of ancestral halls. When the coffin was transported back to his hometown from Beijing, he stopped at Taixu Pavilion in Wang Yuan, the second son of Wang Jian in Dahonglou Street, Huishan. The imperial court immediately built a shrine on the spot, posthumously awarded Shi Wensu, the right assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, and gave 70 mu of sacrificial fields to Confucian scholars Zhu and Li Er as sacrifices. The cemetery is located in Mawuan, Huishan. For two years, it was rebuilt with an acre of government funds. In the 14th year of Qianlong (1775), the imperial court paid tribute again, so the ancestral temple was renamed as "Ma Gong Temple".