Where does the heat of the car heater come from? Does it consume the electricity of the car?
Electric vehicle: the heat of warm air comes from PTC heater, and the whole vehicle relies on battery power to generate heat.
Composition and working principle of heating system of fuel truck There are three main heating systems of fuel truck, which are generally distinguished according to heat sources: hot water heating system, garbage heating system and gas heating system. Nowadays, mainstream cars all adopt hot water heating system.
① The air conditioning system of fuel vehicle consists of air conditioning box assembly, air conditioning duct, warm air core, cooling fan, water tank, condenser, air conditioning pipe, compressor, evaporator core and controller.
② Working principle of heating system of fuel vehicle:
? -? The hot water heating system is realized by using the cooling water of the fuel engine. Cooling water flows into the heater core to dissipate heat, and the blower blows cold air into the heater core to heat the cold air.
Methods of adjusting the temperature of hot water heating and air conditioning;
1) water flow regulating type: the water valve is used to regulate the amount of cooling water entering the heater core and change the temperature of the heater core, thus regulating the temperature. In fact, it is to control the size of the heat source.
2) Mixed air type: install a mixed air damper in the warm air duct to control the ratio of hot air to heated cold air at the outlet to realize temperature adjustment. In other words, hot air and cold air are mixed to control the final outlet air temperature.
Composition and working principle of heating system for electric vehicle There are three kinds of air conditioning heating systems for pure electric vehicle: PTC thermistor heater, heat pump system and heat pump +PTC mixed mode. The traditional automobile air conditioner uses engine coolant as heat source, which has simple structure and no additional economic cost. Due to the lack of ready-made heat source, electric vehicles use PTC materials for electric heating. Due to the cost, most electric vehicles on the market are heated by PTC.
The working principle of PTC heating system: PTC also generates a lot of heat by electrifying heating materials such as resistance wires/ceramics to heat the cold air outside and achieve the heating effect. Simply put, the principle of electric car warm air is the same as that of the hair dryer we use to blow hot air.
Principle of heat pump system: it is an air conditioning device that can forcibly transfer the heat energy of low-level heat source to high-level heat source. Through the four-way reversing valve, the functions of evaporator and condenser of heat pump air conditioner can be interchanged, and the heat transfer direction can be changed, thus achieving the effects of cooling in summer and heating in winter.
Compared with PTC heating, the energy consumption of heat pump air conditioning is very low, and it is a better choice than the current battery life technology of electric vehicles. However, high cost and poor heating effect in supercooled environment are the key factors that hinder its popularization, but it is undeniable that heat pump air conditioning is the future trend. For example, Tesla is gradually adopting heat pump air conditioning.
Heat pump +PTC hybrid mode: In some high-end pure electric vehicles, in order to ensure the temperature in the compartment, the hybrid mode of heat pump +PTC is often adopted. This can avoid the shortcomings of the two methods and achieve a win-win situation of heating and low energy consumption. In the initial stage, when the cooling system temperature of the power battery is low, the PTC heater is turned on first, and then the heat pump heating system is turned on after the cooling liquid temperature rises.
To sum up, the heat of the air conditioning warm air of the traditional fuel vehicle comes from the heat generated by the engine burning gasoline, and basically does not consume electricity. The motor of electric vehicle generates little heat, which can only be converted into heat energy by electric energy, and the power consumption depends on the type of air conditioner. Of course, with the continuous progress of technology in the future, I believe that the power consumption of electric vehicle air conditioners will be improved.