Variation and distribution of temperature
1, influenced by latitude, the higher the latitude, the lower the temperature. The farther north the northern hemisphere, the lower the temperature, and the farther south the southern hemisphere, the lower the temperature.
During the Spring Festival, flowers in Hainan Island are in full bloom, and Harbin is ice and snow. At the same time, there is a temperature difference between north and south, which is mainly affected by latitude factors. Because China is in the northern hemisphere, the higher the latitude, the lower the temperature.
2. Affected by land and sea factors, the temperature difference in coastal areas is small and that in inland areas is large.
For example, Urumqi and Qingdao are basically at the same latitude, but the temperature in Urumqi is higher than that in Qingdao in summer. winter Qingdao is relatively mild, and Urumqi is relatively cold, because of the influence of land and sea factors, the temperature difference between Qingdao and the sea is small; Urumqi is far from the sea, with a large temperature difference.
3. Affected by topographic factors, the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature. Every time the altitude rises 100 meters, the temperature drops by about 0.6℃. The temperature changes vertically, especially on high mountains.
Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa is located near the equator, but the top of the mountain is covered with snow all year round, and the main influencing factor is topography. The higher the altitude, the lower the temperature.
Temporal and spatial distribution of temperature
1, temperature time distribution
(1) daily change
Generally, the lowest temperature appears around sunrise, and the highest temperature appears around 2 pm (i.e. 14:00 local time).
The general law of daily range: continental climate > maritime climate; Plain (valley) > mountain (peak); Sunny > cloudy; It decreases with the increase of latitude.
(2) Annual variation: generally, it increases with latitude.
The land temperature in the northern hemisphere is the highest in July and the lowest in 65438+ 10, while the ocean temperature in the northern hemisphere is the highest in August and the lowest in February.
2. Spatial distribution of temperature.
Decreasing from low latitude to high latitude; At the same latitude, the land temperature is higher than the ocean temperature in summer, and the opposite is true in winter; The temperature in mountainous areas decreases with the elevation.