What is a snail? Brief introduction of snail
"Conch" is generally called "Conch" as a wind instrument in religious ceremonies or religious ceremonies. Conch, as an instrument, belongs to Gastropoda of Marine Mollusca. Covered with a spiral hard shell, it generally belongs to a large volume, a hard shell, which can be blown out and spread far away, or a hard shell, which can be carved or decorated, or has a bright white luster, and can be worshipped as a precious vessel. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, China and ancient Indian civilizations all use it. The white snail commonly known in India, Tibetan Buddhism and other regions is Indian lead snail, and its scientific name is Turbinella pyrum；; Also known as Triton's trumpet in English. Ancient Indian civilization tasted the snail of the Phoenix Queen, whose scientific name was Eustrombus gigas.
Conch is a vocal instrument played in religious ceremonies or religious ceremonies, and is generally called conch. Conch, as an instrument, belongs to Gastropoda of Marine Mollusca. Covered with a spiral hard shell, it generally belongs to a large volume, a hard shell, which can be blown out and spread far away, or a hard shell, which can be carved or decorated, or has a bright white luster, and can be worshipped as a precious vessel. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, China and ancient Indian civilizations all use it. The white snail commonly known in India, Tibetan Buddhism and other regions is Indian lead snail, and its scientific name is Turbinella pyrum；; Also known as Triton's trumpet in English. Ancient Indian civilization once used the phoenix queen snail, whose scientific name was Eustrombus gigas.
Pharma is also called shell, Brahma shell, conch, jade snail, lily and jade lily, corresponding to Sanskrit? Answer? Kha or sa? The word khyā. In the Tang Dynasty, Sanskrit annotated dictionaries recorded all the classics, sounds, meanings and translated names, and ancient Chinese was also transliterated as Shang, Ba, Yu, Shuang, Sheng and Xiang. The Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures has also been directly translated into: Ke, Bei, Li, Luo, Li, Fa Ke, Fa Ying, Luo Bei, Jin and so on. There are many translators. Tibetan, Chinese transliteration Tongga, Dongga, Dongga, Donggar, etc. English pinyin dungkar, translated as sacred conch or sacred chank.
Humans have a long history of using conch. According to the book "Ancient India: Mysterious Land", a female skeleton with a conch was found in Harappa, an ancient Indian civilization. Nowadays, in some parts of India, it is still popular for brides to wear conch bracelets at weddings as a symbol of maintaining the permanence of marriage, and French snails will be played during the ceremony. According to the Indian epic Mahābhārata from the 4th century BC, heroes will blow the conch as the horn of war, declare war, or celebrate victory. The Book of the Past records Vishnu (Sanskrit VI? U), its four hands hold staves, Falun, Lotus and Immortal staves respectively, and its staves are also called "Panchajianye Shankar", so staves are also an important symbol of Vishnu, which is admired and worshipped by people. Vishnu's most famous incarnations: fish (Matthias), turtle (Kuurma), wild boar (Varaha), lion (Narasimha), dwarf (Vamana) and dark sky (Krishna). In the first five incarnations and images circulating in the dark sky, it is also common to hug a snail. In Hindu classics, snails symbolize fame, longevity and wealth, and can also drive away demons and purify bad karma. Indians also respect the rare right-handed white snail as the most auspicious instrument for offering sacrifices to the gods.
Er Ya records that China originally used snails as the genus of wine vessels and containers. As a musical instrument or playing music, the snail should have originated from the soil where Buddhism was introduced into China. Wang Xie's "Three Stories" in the Ming Dynasty once mentioned that "the person who plays the snail is the big one, and the sound of the waves is like the one who plays it." China used French snails, one of which came from the Western Regions and Tianzhu, or from the barbarian countries in southern China. As mentioned in Volume V of Luoyang Galand in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Wuchang (Sanskrit Udyāna, now Pakistan's Northwest Frontier Province), an ancient country in the western regions, also has the custom of spreading rituals to the north in the morning and evening. Yungang Grottoes, a world-famous cultural heritage, were excavated in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Among them, 12 Grottoes are called Music Grottoes and Buddha Grottoes, which show the popular musical instruments in China, Xiliang, Qiuci, Tianzhu and other countries at that time, such as flute, flute, Zheng, pipa and Fu. Sui Shu? Volume 15? The Music Book records "Tianzhu Musical Instrument" and mentions that there are nine musical instruments in ancient India, such as phoenix-headed piano, pipa, banjo, flute, bronze drum, Maoyuan drum, solo drum, bronze drum and shell. () "Old Tang Book? Volume 29? It is further recorded in Yue Ji II that Tianzhu music played in Sui Dynasty includes instruments such as Jiegu, solo, hairball, flute, Zan, Tongba and Bei. In the Tang Dynasty, in the west of Yunnan, near ancient India (now northeast of Myanmar), its king, Tang Zhenyuan, presented Buddhist music in the tenth year (AD 794). All the songs performed the words of the Stone Scripture and presented a variety of musical instruments, including jade snails.
As an instrument of Buddhism, the magical snail can be traced back to the allusions of Sakyamuni Buddha. According to Misha Sebu and Acyl Pentecostalism (Volume 18), the Buddha taught his disciples to practice with a snail shell, but the monks refused to gather when giving alms, so they gave up meditation. So, it's a white Buddha. Buddha's words should be sung at the right time, if you play the back, if you play drums, if you blow the curtain. "Visible early Buddhism blowing method is used to * * * the public.
In East Asia, Buddhism has a great influence (343-4 13). Eight years ago, Yao translated the Lotus Sutra, saying: "If you want to talk about Buddhism, it will rain heavily, play snails, drums and practice Buddhism. Therefore, later generations often blow the giant Pharaoh, for example, the Buddha is about to preach the Dharma, or the French sound is like the giant Pharaoh, which can spread great propaganda and alert everyone. Or, with the voice of the magic snail, you can play wonderful music to support and accumulate the merits of the Buddha. " If you make people happy, play horn bombs, flutes, harps, cymbals, and so on, you can hold up all the wonderful sounds, and you can also praise Buddha's nature with joy, even a little voice, and it will become Buddhism. Volume I of Song Guang Zhuan records the great event of Dafu Lingjiu Temple in Wutai Mountain, Shanxi Province, which is called the second ancient temple in China. It used to be a grand occasion for musicians to play snails and drums: "There are hundreds of musicians playing music, flute, Zheng and snails and drums." "Visible pharaoh's influence on China's Buddhist temples in the Han Dynasty.
At present, snail patterns can often be seen in temples, palaces and buildings in China Buddhist temples, especially in areas where esoteric Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism prevail. The most common is a group of eight auspicious symbols, including an umbrella (canopy), Pisces (a pair of goldfish), Aquarius, Lotus, Medicine Stone, Pan Chang (auspicious knot), Fazhuang (Victory Tower) and Falun (Golden Wheel), which are called Eight Auspiciouss (Sanskrit A? ama？ From afar, Tibetan? , pinyin bkrashi rtags brgyad). Among them, the right-handed conch is the most auspicious, which symbolizes that the sound of law spreads widely to the legal world, breaking the ignorance of all beings, and also has wisdom implications.
In a word, the Pharaoh has many functions in Buddhism: (1) Offering treasures: Ya Ya Jing. It is mentioned in the offering that the five treasures are called Hu, Po, Jin, Yin and Shang, so they are regarded as excellent offerings by Buddhism. (2) Sacrificial instruments and initiation instruments used in Buddhist ceremonies: they will be used in Buddhist ceremonies or initiation ceremonies, especially in Tibetan Buddhism. (3) Bai Fan Musical Instrument: Tianzhu is one of the musical instruments used in chanting Buddhist scriptures. (4) Instruments: especially the instruments used by Tibetan Buddhism in various ceremonies, opening ceremonies, welcoming guests to become monks, climbing to bed and other important Buddhist activities. (5) Tibetan Buddhas and Bodhisattvas: There are many Buddha statues, such as Shi Lun Kong, Thousand Hands and Thousand Eyes Guanyin, Zhunti Buddha Mother and White Tara. , you can see the snail.
Symbol or meaning of pharmaceutical factory: (1) Spreading the sound, dharma and wisdom of Buddhism. (2) It symbolizes auspiciousness and blessing. (3) The magical snail shows great power, and has the effect of reducing demons and removing annoyance. (4) People who hear the sound of snails can hear the sound and eliminate evil and bad karma.
The most famous snail in China is:
* * * * * Potala Palace: silverwing snail, with a total length of 57.7 cm, is luxuriously decorated.
* * * Sakya Temple in Sakya County: The white conch in Yuan Dynasty is the treasure of the town temple. According to legend, it was given to Basiba by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu and used by Sakyamuni Buddha.
Chinese Musical Instrument Museum of China Academy of Fine Arts: White snail in Qing Dynasty, decorated with wing-shaped copper sheet and brass mouthpiece, engraved with the words "Qianlong Imperial System".
Huang Renpu, Ninghai County, Zhejiang Province: Collect a 77.438+0 cm snail, the largest snail in China.