Notes on Classical Chinese in Travel Prose
2. What should I pay attention to when writing landscape prose? 1. Clues in Travel Notes.
Some people say that writing an article is like beading. Without a clue to connect all the elements, the article will be fragmented or chaotic. This is especially true when writing travel notes. There must be a reasonable clue running through it This clue can also be said to be the order of writing.
In travel notes, the most commonly used writing order may be whereabouts. That is, in the order of sightseeing. For example, a travel note about visiting a zoo can be described one by one in the order of the visit. In addition, there are some clues about the organization and direction of the landscape. We suggest that when beginners write travel notes, they must use certain clues to organize articles and form clear writing habits from the beginning.
2. The theme in the travel notes.
The subject refers to the person or group that did it. Since it is tourism, there must be a main body of tourism. In the writing of travel notes, if there is a lack of people, it is almost the same as expository writing or landscape prose. There are also many different ways to point out the text of travel notes, which can be pointed out at the beginning. For example, at the beginning of a travel note, an author wrote: "Today, students in our class visited Peking University under the leadership of Teacher Li", pointing out that the main body of the travel note is "students in our class and Teacher Li"; In addition, the theme of travel notes can also appear naturally in the writing process or be pointed out at the end of the article.
3. Scenery in Travel Notes
Scenery description is also an important part of travel notes. Man is the subject and scenery is the object. Scenery in travel notes should be written selectively and emphatically according to the needs of writing. The description of scenery in travel notes should best conform to the theme of the article. For example, a classmate wrote an article about visiting the Great Wall, describing the ancient and spectacular scenery of the Great Wall and the surrounding clean and tidy scenic environment, and closely combining the scenery description with the themes of cultural relics protection and environmental protection.
4. Places in Travel Notes
When writing travel notes, you must pay attention to the places you want to visit or visit, such as aquarium, prairie, science and technology museum, etc.
5. Travel notes should be given priority.
Although travel notes are a record of the tourism process, they are not comprehensive records. I once saw a travel note written by a college student, starting with getting up in the morning, then writing about how to eat breakfast, how to go out by car, what I saw and happened on the road … all, and finally writing about how to go home. A travel note of tens of thousands of words. But nothing can move people. This way of writing is not a travel book, but a running account, and no one wants to read it.
In travel notes, important trips, distinctive scenery, things that play an important role in expressing the main body of the article, etc. , should focus on description, while others should be put aside, or simply omitted. The article written in this way will have a clear priority, prominent theme and exquisiteness.
6. Pay attention to scenery writing and lyricism.
Including personal feelings, what you see, hear and feel.
7. Travel notes are narrative descriptions.
Six elements: time, place, people and things (cause, process and result)
3. What should I pay attention to when writing prose? 1. The shape is scattered but the spirit is not scattered.
"Form and dispersion" mainly means that prose is widely used and free, and is not limited by time and space; Expression techniques are not limited to one pattern: it can describe the development of events, describe characters, convey feelings with things, and make comments. The author can freely adjust and change according to the needs of the content. "Distraction" mainly comes from the intention of prose, that is, the theme to be expressed in prose must be clear and concentrated, no matter how extensive the content of prose is and how flexible the expression is, it serves to better express the theme.
In order to be scattered in shape but not in spirit, we should pay attention to the internal relationship between materials and central ideas in material selection, so that materials can run through an organic whole with certain clues in structure. Common clues in prose are: (1) taking things with profound or symbolic significance as clues; ⑵ Taking the "I" in the works as a clue and "I" as a clue, because I wrote what I saw, heard, thought and felt, and Kan Kan and Kan Kan talked freely, making readers feel more real, cordial and touching. 2. Deep artistic conception, paying attention to expressing the author's life feelings, strong lyricism and sincere emotion.
With the help of imagination and association, the author writes from the superficial to the deep, from the real to the imaginary, in turn, which can integrate feelings into the scenery, send feelings to help each other, express the author's true feelings, realize the unity of things and me, show more profound thoughts and make readers understand more profound truths. 3. Beautiful and concise language, rich in literary talent.
The so-called elegance means that the language of prose is fresh, lively and full of musical sense, and the writing is like a trickle, tinkling and sounding, sincere and sincere. The so-called conciseness means that the language of prose is concise, natural and fluent. A few words can describe vivid images, outline the scenes of characters and show far-reaching artistic conception.
Prose tries to write the scenery as if it were in front of you and the feelings as refreshing. Prose is known as "beautiful prose", which not only has spiritual views and beautiful artistic conception, but also has fresh, meaningful and unpretentious literary talent.
Reading some good essays regularly can not only enrich knowledge, broaden horizons and cultivate noble thoughts and sentiments, but also learn the skills of selecting materials, planning layout, choosing words and making sentences, and improve your language expression ability. The characteristics and writing of prose is a common literary genre.
Because of its wide range of materials, swaying posture and rich artistic expressions, it is like a colorful landscape painting, which makes people intoxicated and loved. So how do we write prose? Writing prose should firmly grasp its five characteristics: first, prose with long time span is not limited by time, and can cover ancient times, future and today.
For example, Qin Mu's prose "Land" is full of vitality from today's land, which can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Zhong Er, the son of the Jin Dynasty, fled in panic, holding soil in his hand, thanking the land for being a gift from God. Another example is Yang Shuo's essay "Litchi Honey". When I was a child, I was stung by a bee peak in a tree. Now I visit a bee farm.
The time span is very long, but it closely revolves around the theme that the author wants to express, without making people feel the slightest scattered. Lenovo is extremely rich, free and easy in writing and infectious.
When writing prose, we can expand the time span, enrich some related events, insert multiple sets of shots and increase the content and color of prose according to this feature of prose, so as to make the article colorful and knowledgeable. Second, the spatial transformation is wide. Prose is not limited by time and space, and the vast space and universe can accommodate it.
For example, Lu Xun's reminiscence prose "Mr. Fujino" spans from China to Japan, from Tokyo to Sendai, from Sendai to Beijing, and then to Xiamen. The spatial span is large, and the number of spatial transformations is dizzying, but it is clear and rich in details. Put complex people and things in every space, some are colored at will, some are painted with ink, patchwork and colorful.
Pay attention to this feature when writing prose, and you won't make the mistake of being thin and poor. Third, events involve writing essays, and most of them are inseparable from events, especially narratives. Events are the "hardware" of prose.
Many good articles have a central event and some other events related to it. For example, Yuan Ying wrote in his essay "Bamboo in Jinggangshan" that the bamboo in Jinggangshan was used as a weapon to kill the enemy, as a bamboo tube for porridge, and as a pole for the Red Army to carry the China Revolution from Jinggangshan to Yan 'an and Beijing.
After the founding of New China, bamboo has been used in socialist construction ... There are so many incidents that people are overwhelmed. Four, the expression of life prose commonly used narrative, explanation, lyricism, discussion, description and other expressions.
Mao Dun's famous poem Praise of Poplar uses a variety of expressions. For example, at the beginning of the article, he described and described the appearance of the loess plateau seen by the car driving on the loess plateau, and pointed out the symbolic significance of poplar by lyric and discussion. The application of these methods effectively expresses the theme and makes the article magnificent and amazing.
When writing prose, we should pay special attention to the comprehensive use of various expressions to make the article full of waves. Fifth, link the full text, skillfully draw materials from prose, and describe it as "a mess" with chapters.
Even if the scattered ideas are broad and the packaging capacity is large, the prose will closely focus on the author's intention and will not be "deviant". Qin Mu said that the most important thing in writing prose is "ideological red line".
It is to use a striking and profound idea to write through a lot of seemingly scattered materials. If these events are compared to "pearls", they can really be called "red thread piercing pearls".
How to write prose about writing prose? This is a problem for me, because my own prose has never been written well. Naturally, this is not to say that my poems are stronger.
First of all, what is prose? Broadly speaking, prose is treated with verse, which is equivalent to English prose. Traditionally, novels and travel newspapers have also been included.
I haven't written a novel. Although I dream about it, I find it difficult. The desire for dreams is almost the same as the fear of difficulties.
I used to hate "if you don't write a novel, you have to write an autobiography", so I wrote an autobiography of more than 100 thousand words, but I was not satisfied. When my friend Mr. Wu Zujian saw the first chapter, he said: It's too vague, just like writing two maids. If he wrote it, he would write it clearly and clearly, so that people would remember it as soon as they closed the book.
I admit, if you don't write in detail, you can't write a novel. He said, as I wrote.
4. a diary in classical Chinese, note: it is required to borrow things more than people and winter plums.
Plum body half withered, square water times; Gu Gan bowed, his body was covered with moss, and his teeth were scales. Over the years, the color of moss has turned bronze.
There are more than a dozen trees beside, and my mother's words are very clear. The scenery is gloomy and rambling, and I will come back.
My mother led me through the Tang Yuqian Temple, with flowers: criss-crossing correction, jade and snow of the same color; Take the path of Med step by step. Far away in the forest, near Yantuo; Onion powder accumulates in the valley.
It's freezing and graceful, but it's really snow that abuses the wind, and the integrity of flowers is the highest. Outdated will drift away, and shame will pity Dong Jun even more.
Follow-up: I want to know the meaning. A: In winter, plum blossoms and plum trees are already half withered by the water. The branches of old Gu Zhuo are winding, and the trees are covered with moss, which are arranged as neatly as fish scales.
Because of the age, the moss has turned bronze. There are more than a dozen plum trees next to Song Mei, and my mother told me that they all belong to the Ming Dynasty.
I saw that the scenery around me was very cold and not very glorious, so I lost interest and was ready to return. My mother led me through the Tang Temple, just to see the magnificent plum blossom.
Plum trees crisscross, and a snow festival is white and joyful; Close planting on high and low slopes. Everyone strolled in Merlin Xue Hai.
The fragrance of plum blossoms permeates the mountains, just like overlapping plain silks, piling up valleys. It's very cold, and May is standing there. It can be said that plum blossoms are more awe-inspiring and open under the tyranny of heavy snow and strong winds. Of all the flowers, moral integrity is the highest and proudest. Even if it withers and withers, it is still pure and pure.
Plum blossoms will naturally wither after the flowering period, so I don't want to beg Dong Jun (the sun) to make the flowering period longer. A: In winter, plum blossoms and plum trees are half withered and stand at the water's edge.
The branches of old Gu Zhuo are winding, and the trees are covered with moss, which are arranged as neatly as fish scales. Because of the age, the moss has turned bronze.
There are more than a dozen plum trees next to Song Mei, and my mother told me that they all belong to the Ming Dynasty. I saw that the scenery around me was very cold and not very glorious, so I lost interest and was ready to return.
My mother led me through the Tang Temple, just to see the magnificent plum blossom. Plum trees crisscross, and a snow festival is white and joyful; Close planting on high and low slopes.
Everyone strolled in Merlin Xue Hai. The fragrance of plum blossoms permeates the mountains, just like overlapping plain silks, piling up valleys.
It's very cold, and May is standing there. It can be said that plum blossoms are more awe-inspiring and open under the tyranny of heavy snow and strong winds. Of all the flowers, moral integrity is the highest and proudest. Even if it withers and withers, it is still pure and pure. Plum blossoms will naturally wither after the flowering period, so I don't want to beg Dong Jun (the sun) to make the flowering period longer.
5. Key Points of Landscape Prose What key points should be paid attention to in landscape prose? How to appreciate landscape lyric prose? Landscape lyric prose has beautiful language, rich imagination, ingenious conception and strong feelings, which gives people artistic enjoyment.
So how to understand and appreciate prose step by step from shallow to deep? I think Reading from the Landscape is more suitable for reading this kind of literary works. "Scenery" method is a reading appreciation method to grasp the romantic beauty of works through the description of natural scenery in prose.
Using this method, it can be understood that the writer uses various artistic means to integrate subjective feelings into the objective scenery in his works, so as to achieve the aesthetic realm of blending scenes, things and me, so as to better understand the content of the article and grasp the theme of the article. How to appreciate it can be started from the following aspects: First, grasp the "literary eye" and understand the content.
Prose is characterized by "scattered in form but not in spirit". To understand the content of prose, we should be good at grasping the "literary eye" that can reflect the "spirit" of prose. "Yan Wen" is the most wonderful, vivid, emotional and intriguing sentence in the works, the eruption of the author's thoughts and feelings, the focus of the article's thoughts and feelings, and also plays a leading role in the structure of the article.
Good prose always shows "eyes" and "spirit". As long as you grasp this "eye" when reading, you can grasp the main idea of the article.
It should be noted that some of the sentences of "Yan Wen" are direct and clear, while others are euphemistic and implicit; Some at the beginning, some at the end. For example, the article in "Three Paintings in Vienna in Spring" reads at the beginning: "Youth is a rich life course with different stages.
""Just like spring, its March, April and May are three completely different pictures. "These two sentences are the structural clues of the full text, suggesting that the next content is to describe the different scenery of Vienna for three months.
It also implicitly expresses that the main idea of the article is to praise the charm of youth through the picture description of spring. Grasping this article, how to write an article and how to express your feelings will be solved.
Therefore, grasping the "literary eye" is very important for grasping the theme and structure of prose. Second, with the help of imagination, experience the artistic conception.
Artistic conception is the artistic realm formed by the author's subjective feelings and objective images. In short, it is the harmonious unity of emotion and scenery. It is the author who expresses profound thoughts and touching feelings through vivid pictures, so as to achieve the fusion of feelings and things, the interweaving of meaning and scenery, arouse readers' association and imagination, and produce a touching atmosphere and realm of artistic effect.
Lyric prose often uses language to create artistic conception. When appreciating the artistic conception of this kind of prose, we should imagine, associate and supplement it according to our own life experience and knowledge.
Combine your own imagination with the author's imagination, enrich the artistic conception and image of the work, and fill the structural space in the text. In this way, you can taste the flavor and appreciate the art.
Use your own life experience and knowledge for emotional experience, so that you feel as if you are there, and there is a strong voice in your mind. For example, "On the River in Autumn Night" is a modern poem similar to prose, with only a few short lines, but its artistic conception is open and poetic.
When we appreciate, we must develop rich imagination and associative power, show the scenery in those poems such as "Returning Birds", "Sunset", "Qiu Jiang" and "Reed" in our minds, fully mobilize our vision, touch, hearing and even smell to feel the world in the poem, and rely on our own life experiences and feelings to appreciate the exquisiteness of the author's conception and feel the feelings contained in the artistic conception, otherwise we can only stay on the surface. Third, read carefully and taste the language.
The language of prose is beautiful, meaningful and vivid. Read silently, read aloud, weigh words, and analyze the meaning of words in context. Experience the sense of language, appreciate the language repeatedly and pay attention to the beauty of beautiful sentences everywhere. In this way, while exercising the ability of language perception, we can also gain spiritual enrichment and artistic enjoyment.
You can carefully taste it from three aspects. 1. Taste the simple and natural beauty of prose language.
Prose language is unpretentious, accurate and realistic, concise and fluent, fresh and gorgeous, which is a concrete manifestation of natural beauty. For example, in Lu Xun's "From Herbal Garden to San Tan Yin Yue", there is a passage describing Herbal Garden: "Green vegetable beds, smooth stone well fences, tall acacia trees, purple mulberry trees, ... cicadas sing on leaves, fat wasps sing on cauliflowers, oil flies sing on the roots of mud walls, crickets play the piano ..." These descriptions are simple and easy to understand.
2. Taste the implicit beauty of prose language. Good prose, with meaningful language, makes people never tire of reading, and is always new.
For example, Thoreau's Autumn Sunset, with his careful observation and wisdom, laid out many autumn scenery, so that all people and scenery were bathed in the soft afterglow of the sunset, and the author also conveyed his spiritual experience between the lines at any time. "The same is true of our wandering in the Holy Land. One day, the brilliance of the sun will be more brilliant, will shine into our hearts and souls, and will make our lives full of more wonderful light. This light is warm, dim and golden, just like an autumn coast. "
The author's implication is that many times, our hearts are in the pursuit of confusion, our road to ideals may be erratic, and our life realm is not noble enough, but one day, we will suddenly be enlightened, from impetuous to calm, from complicated to simple, from ignorance to wisdom, from superficial to profound. These similar languages, with rich and profound meanings, rich philosophy and careful taste, can give us great enlightenment.
3. Taste the musical beauty of prose language. Good prose is poetic, and the language is full of musical beauty. For example, the description of insect life in Zheng Zhenduo's "Cicada and Weaver Girl" is vivid: "The voice of cicada is lofty and enjoyable, and it has its own satisfaction; It perches high on buttonwood or bamboo branches and sings in the wind. It is the song of life, the song of the prime of life, the song of the wedding, and the song of the bard during the grand banquet of medieval warriors and beautiful women.
Whether listening to the long sound of Gigi Man or the short sound of Gigi Gege, you can also get a touch of beauty. "。