Meteorological history

The first person to establish meteorology was the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. He described and explained the weather phenomena such as wind, clouds, rain, snow, thunder and hail for the first time in his monograph Meteorology, which is the earliest meteorological work in the world. Until 18- 19 century, due to the development of physics and chemistry and the continuous invention of measuring instruments such as pressure, temperature, humidity and wind, atmospheric science research entered the stage of quantitative analysis from simple description. 1820, Budrin, a German, drew the first surface weather map, which initiated modern weather analysis and forecasting methods. 1835, French Coriolis put forward the concept of wind deflection; 1857, Dutch C. H. D. Buys Ballot put forward the relationship between wind and air pressure, and their concepts became the basis of atmospheric dynamics and weather analysis.

Around 1920, Pierre Knies and his son put forward a set of theories called "polar front theory" to explain the weather changes in mid-latitude areas. It has been more than 70 years since 1920s was published, but it is still the main theoretical basis for today's weather forecast, and it also lays a theoretical foundation for analyzing and forecasting the weather in the next 1-2 days. 1930 s, the extensive use of radiosondes really began the atmospheric science research in three-dimensional space. According to the high-altitude weather map drawn by a large number of detection data, the atmospheric long wave was found. 1939, Rossby proposed long-wave dynamics, and his theory also made great contributions to weather forecasting. 1From 1950s to 1960s, with the application of computer, weather radar, satellite and remote sensing technology, all kinds of atmospheric phenomena, from atmospheric circulation to raindrop formation, can be expressed in physical and chemical mathematical forms, thus making atmospheric science develop by leaps and bounds.