In which areas are waterside residents, cave dwellings, Hakka earth buildings and yurts mainly distributed and their respective characteristics?

Water Town Residents

Mainly located in the Yangtze River Delta and Taihu Lake water network areas, the climate is mild, the seasons are distinct, and rainfall is abundant. Therefore, a transportation system based on water transportation has been formed. The production and life of residents depend on water. This natural environment and functional needs have shaped the style and characteristics of the folk houses in Jiangnan water towns that are full of charm. ?

Most of the residential buildings in Jiangnan water towns are one- and two-story hall-style houses with wooden structures. In order to adapt to the climate characteristics of Jiangnan, the residential layouts are mostly corridors, patios, and courtyards. The structures are tile roofs, empty bucket walls, Guanyin Dou ridges or horse head walls, forming an architectural group style with staggered heights, white walls and black tiles, and deep courtyards.

Cave dwellings

There are many cave dwellings in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River in northern China. In loess areas such as Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, and Shanxi, local residents dig horizontal holes in the natural earth walls. Several holes are often connected together, and bricks and stones are added inside the holes to build cave dwellings.

Cave dwellings are fire-proof and noise-proof, warm in winter and cool in summer, saving land, economical and labor-saving, and organically combining natural scenes with life scenes. It is a perfect architectural form adapted to local conditions, permeating people's love and love for the loess. Nostalgic.

Hakka Tulou

Tulou are the residences of the Hakka people in Guangdong, Fujian and other places. The ancestors of the Hakka people are Han people who migrated to the south from the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River more than 1,900 years ago. In order to prevent harassment and protect the safety of their families, the Hakka people created this huge residential house - earth building. A single earth building can accommodate dozens of families and hundreds of people from the entire family.

There are round and square earth buildings. Among them, the most distinctive one is the round earth building. The round building consists of two or three circles. The outer circle is more than ten meters high and has one to two hundred rooms. The first floor is the kitchen and dining room, the second floor is the warehouse, and the third and fourth floors are bedrooms. The second circle has two floors and has 30 rooms. There are 50 rooms, usually guest rooms; in the middle is the ancestral hall, which can accommodate hundreds of people for public activities.

Mongolian yurt

Mongolian yurt is also called "felt bag". Mongolian traditional houses. Popular in pastoral areas such as Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A round, raised-roofed house made of thick wool felt. There are two types: mobile and fixed. Most mobile ones are built in pastoral areas. Usually about 2.5 meters high and 4 meters in diameter. There is a circular sky on the top of the bag to vent smoke.

The door is small and faces south or southeast. It is easy to make, easy to carry, resistant to wind and cold, and suitable for nomadic herding. It is a typical house of nomadic people in northern China that can be dismantled. It is simple to make, easy to assemble, and can withstand wind and cold.

Extended information:

Residential houses in ancient towns of Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan

The ancient building groups in Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan are relatively dense, and the large groups in towns (large residences, guild halls, There are many shops, temples, ancestral halls, etc.) with buildings; small buildings (general residences, shops) are free and flexible. The roof slope is steep, the wing angles are high, the decoration is exquisite and rich, and there are many carvings and paintings. Known for her elegant and graceful style. Such as:

Hunan Furong Town, Hunan Xiangxi Fenghuang Ancient City? Xiangxi Diaojiaolou Hunan Xiangxi Huilongge Diaojiaolou Hubei Jingzhou Ancient City Guizhou Zhenyuan Ancient Town Guizhou Guiyang Qingyan Ancient Town Guizhou Dong folk residence Yunnan Jianshui Ancient City Yunnan Lijiang Ancient City

Anhui Ancient Folk Houses

Many ancient folk houses are preserved in the southern part of Anhui Province. Most of these ancient houses use bricks and wood as building materials, and are surrounded by tall walls. The houses within the wall are usually two-story buildings with three or five bays. Larger residences have two, three or more courtyards; there is a pool in the courtyard, flowers and bonsais are planted in front of the hall and behind the house, and exquisite patterns are carved on the beams, columns and railings everywhere.

The small buildings and deep courtyards are like worlds of art. Architectural experts all praise it as "a treasure house of ancient residential architectural art".

Baidu Encyclopedia-Chinese Folk Houses

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tulou

Baidu Encyclopedia-Mongolian yurt (residence)

Baidu Encyclopedia-Cave Dwelling