On the description of specific scenery in gouache painting?

This paper briefly talks about the color changes and structural laws of sky, trees, hills, water and other scenery, so that students can master the methods of analyzing specific scenery. [Keywords:] the sky; Trees; Hills; Water for gouache landscape painting can train students' ability to express vast space and external light, and it is a good way to learn framing composition, color generalization and master the tone of the picture. In landscape sketch, besides paying attention to framing composition, light color change and climate change, it is often inseparable from the description of specific scenery such as sky, ground, trees, hills and water. Therefore, in order to draw a good landscape painting, it is necessary to study the color changes and structural laws of various scenery. This paper briefly discusses the color and structural characteristics of several scenery that often appear in landscape painting. First, the sky is the main part of landscape painting, which can not only help us to show a broad vision, but also strengthen the atmosphere of the picture and set off the theme. The change of the sky is related to the change of the light and color of the ground scenery. When describing the sky, we should first pay attention to the fact that the whole sky covers the earth like a half ball. You should also pay attention to the sky that appears on the screen. It has radians up, down, left and right. In general, the color near the top is thick and fresh, and the color far below is light gray. From the left and right, the direction of the sun is slightly yellow, and the warm color gradually transitions to cyan. A clear sky is usually blue. Near the horizon, the sky tends to be cyan or purple-gray. At this time, the sky is generally smooth and transparent, so wet painting should be used. You can wet the sky with clear water first, and then paint it when it is wet. The color transitions implicitly from top to bottom and is basically painted at one time, so that the color transitions evenly, and the color changes with the change of distance, middle and near, so as to prevent the feeling of "flawless" from being destroyed. When the sky is clear and cloudy, the change is complicated. The shape of clouds is also influenced by the wind of climate, sometimes like cotton balls, sometimes like mountains, sometimes like mushrooms, sometimes like parallel running water, sometimes radial; Its color is sometimes colorful, and sometimes it is as white as snow. Wet the paper with water first, then draw the middle color and backlight of the clouds, and then draw the blue sky. Different colors should be divided into near, middle and far colors, and the cloud backlight part should be combined while wetting. The bright part should be clearly outlined with white paper. After the first painting, the bright clouds should be pink and milky white. Clouds are made up of water vapor and have a sense of frivolity and volume. Under the sunlight, there are different decent relationships between light and shade, but their edges are always slow. Because clouds are a collection of water vapor, they are translucent. In the case of backlight, the thicker the cloud, the darker the tone. Where the edge is thin, due to the penetration of sunlight, very bright side light is usually formed. When clouds cover the sky, it becomes cloudy, and the cloudy sky is mostly gray. When drawing clouds, we should pay attention to the transparent relationship, and there should be perspective changes of near big and far small, near high and far low. Often the performance of clouds plays an important role in the rendering of the picture atmosphere and the adjustment of the picture composition. When sketching, you can choose, cut, increase or decrease according to the needs of picture composition, which is not necessarily completely restricted by objective factors. Wet painting and wet dip paper painting are generally used in rainy days and cloudy days, and stippling flow method can also be used. Brush with water first, then brush with gray-blue according to the dynamic trend of clouds, and then put the picture obliquely to let the color flow with wet paper, which has the effect of rainy days. The color is mostly gray blue or gray green with a little black, and the color is slightly heavier to show colorless and gloomy. Sunglow and sunset glow should have different sky colors. Although they are all red clouds for thousands of years, Sunglow is generally cleaner in the air layer, and the red sun rises. The junction of heaven and earth is bright golden yellow, which is yellow-orange, golden yellow and slightly pink. Its color is relatively fresh, generally cold, and its color is lemon yellow and cold red, while sunset glow is slightly warmer and earlier because there are a lot of dust in the atmosphere. The night sky is often dominated by deep purple and dark blue, while the moonlit sky is often dark green. These are the general methods. In landscape sketching, it is necessary to observe the objective objects carefully and practice repeatedly, so as to better grasp the description of the sky. Second, there are many kinds of trees with different shapes, but in summary, they can be divided into two types of trees. One is a round umbrella and the other is a long cone. You can usually see the front and the left and right sides. When painting, you should distinguish the three different and unified colors. The trunk grows around, so we should pay attention to the shape change, color change and difference of its branches and leaves before and after painting to show its sense of volume. Generally, green leaves tend to be yellow in the light receiving part, blue in the backlight part, and the colors of the upper and lower leaves of trees are also different. When describing leaves, we should pay attention to their appearance characteristics and draw them in clusters and groups according to their structures. The characteristics of the near leaves should be more obvious and the levels should be clear. In a word, the general close-range trees should draw the law of branch growth and the front and back levels, pay attention to using pens, and conform to the growth characteristics of various leaves. The tree in the middle scene only shows its basic characteristics, which can be divided into a pair of weak faces, and the general shape of its leaves can be slightly pointed out at the top. Foresight trees generally draw large outlines and postures, regardless of stems, branches and leaves. The upper part of the trunk is colder than the lower part, especially the trunk near the ground, which is generally warmer because of the reflection of soil color on it. Draw the trunk of a tree and try to show the feeling of roundness and vitality. Near the tree, the characteristics of the trunk should be drawn, such as smooth poplar with big spots, rough dark willow with hemp cracks, vigorous straight pine with fish-scale cracks. Generally speaking, a tree with dense leaves should draw the leaves before the trunk, and a tree with sparse leaves should draw the trunk before adding the leaves. The composition of the visual picture of branches and leaves and the shape of the trunk need to be added or deleted. Third, hills and mountains are called mountains, and mountains are called hills and hills. There are peaks and valleys, steep cliffs and steep slopes in the mountains, which have different Shan Ye characteristics such as grandeur, beauty, precipitousness and seclusion. Therefore, when we describe hills, we must first grasp their momentum characteristics, and pay special attention to emphasizing "taking their momentum from a distance and taking their quality from a close look". In other words, painting distant mountains should pay more attention to the performance of its momentum, and painting near mountains should pay more attention to the depiction of specific scenery, so as to be general but not empty, rich and not messy. Painting mountains should have different distances from far, middle and near, and draw different distances between layers of peaks. The distant mountains should be pushed dozens of miles away, and the nearby mountains should be painted with their heavy mass and concrete stone structures. The tone of the distant mountains is often slightly bluish gray, and the brightness of the colors is close. There are many color changes in different seasons, weather and mountains. Generally, distant mountains are depicted in combination with the sky. After painting the sky, you don't need to wash your pen, just paint some blue-gray, blue-purple or blue-green on the sky with a pen, and paint it while the sky is still wet, so that it can naturally blend with the sky, but also show the mountains to show its hazy and distant feeling. In short, when painting mountains, we should pay attention to the overall context and the characteristics of each mountain. Four, water landscape painting sketch, often inseparable from the description of rivers, lakes, seas, canals and so on. This involves the performance of water. Water is a transparent flowing liquid. On calm water, it has strong reflection characteristics. On the rough water, it changes a lot. Painting water is often inseparable from the reflection in painting water. In still water, the reflection of objects beside the water is clearly visible, while in fast-flowing water, the reflection is intermittent. Therefore, we must understand the static and dynamic characteristics of water in order to express their feelings, quality and reflection purposefully. The quiet bottom water surface has strong reflective characteristics, and its reflection is very clear. The color of water mainly reflects the skylight and the scenery on the shore. Still water should pay attention to its transparency, more reflective, and more reflective in the case of backlight. For example, some algae or other sundries accumulated in still water for many years have obvious color tendency, which affects the color of the reflection and makes it less clear and bright. Generally, water shadows are wet paintings. First, use the basic color of clear water or water, then draw the reflection by wet painting to make it hazy and fuzzy, and then extract some real reflection parts. You can also leave white paper or add a strong color to show its brightness or water droplets. A pen that draws still water can generally draw horizontally, and extremely still water can also draw vertically. The flowing wavy water surface completely disrupts the shape of the reflection, and the color of the water surface becomes interlaced and complicated. The reflection surface of each wave can see the influence of skylight color, some surfaces reflect the inherent color of water, while others reflect the color of environmental scenery. Before drawing a flowing water surface, we must carefully observe and analyze its movement law and color composition, understand the reasons for the change of light color, and draw its overall momentum and temperament by means of understanding and memory. Never look at each stroke, otherwise it will be difficult to draw a flowing water surface well. Generally, the running water surface adopts dry coating method or dry-wet combination method. The color of painting water is influenced not only by the color of objects near the water, but also by seasons and climate. Different climates such as cloudy, sunny and rainy have different water colors. The color of water changes with the seasons. Ancient painters analyzed and summarized watercolor painting: Chun Lv, Bi Xia, Qiu Qing and Dong Mo. These are the meticulous observation and distinction of the four seasons' water colors by ancient painters in their long-term practice, which is worthy of our reference when painting water. In a word, if you want to draw a good landscape painting, you must study the color changes and structural laws of various scenery in order to show your talent in landscape painting.