How weather satellites track typhoons

Meteorological satellites are divided into solar orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary orbiting meteorological satellites according to different orbits. The meteorological satellite that tracks typhoons is a geostationary meteorological satellite. It is a fixed-point photography. It only needs to take pictures of the movement of the typhoon.

Various meteorological remote sensors carried on satellites receive and measure visible light, infrared and microwave radiation from the earth and its atmosphere, as well as electromagnetic waves reflected by satellite navigation systems. And convert it into electrical signals and send them to the ground station. The ground station restores the electrical signals from the satellite and plots them into various clouds, wind speeds and directions. The surface and sea surface pictures are further processed and calculated to obtain various meteorological data.

Extended information

The structure of the typhoon:

The eye area of ​​the typhoon: very peculiar, where the wind is very small, the weather is clear, the average diameter is 40 kilometers, and the body is The sailors who encountered it humorously called the eye of the typhoon the "paradise" of the typhoon.

Cloud wall area: The cloud wall area around the eye of a typhoon is tens of kilometers wide and more than ten kilometers high, also called the eye wall. Here the cloud walls are towering, the wind is howling, the rain is pouring, the sea is churning, and the weather is the worst.

Spiral rainband area: Outside the cloud wall is the spiral rainband. There are several rain (cloud) belts here that converge in a spiral shape around the eye wall. The rainbands are tens to hundreds of kilometers wide. , thousands of kilometers long, showers will fall and strong winds will occur wherever the rain belt passes.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Typhoon

Baidu Encyclopedia - Meteorological Satellite