Request the results of the 48th IMO

The famous scientist who is still alive and well known to me and who also knows me, Ye Duzheng, was our teacher in college and my advisor for my academic thesis and graduation thesis. In February last year, I mentioned it in an article published in Shanghai Jiao Tong University's "English for Science and Technology Learning".

The first Chinese to win the "Nobel Prize for Meteorology" - Ye Duzheng

Xinhuanet 2004-2-24 Xiao Hong

Xinhuanet Beijing February On the morning of the 24th, at a special ceremony held at the Great Hall of the People, Chinese atmospheric physicist Ye Duzheng received the 48th World Meteorological Organization Award from Dr. Bedritsky, Chairman of the World Meteorological Organization, becoming the first recipient of the award. The Chinese people who won the "Meteorological Nobel Prize".

Ye Duzheng was born in 1916, the same year as China’s first climate record. 88 years later, Ye Duzheng, as the founder of atmospheric physics research in China and one of the founders of modern dynamic meteorology in China, won the highest honor in the international meteorological community for his long-term concern and outstanding contributions to the fate of the earth. "Scientific and technological work is like a drama that requires the coordination of many actors. Without the help of others, I would not be able to complete the research," Ye Duzheng said in an exclusive interview with a reporter from Xinhua News Agency.

In the view of this scientist who regards "being realistic and conscientious" as his life creed, neither the World Meteorological Organization emblem, the 14-carat gold medal, nor the 10,000 Swiss franc prize money is worth it. It belongs to him personally, but to the group of Chinese atmospheric physics scientists.

Ye Duzheng is now a scientist who is "widely respected and world-famous" (in the words of Michel Farrow, Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organization), but what he is most proud of is always his own " Chinese” identity.

In 1940, Ye Duzheng graduated from Tsinghua University and then studied in the United States. In 1948, Ye Duzheng obtained a doctorate from the University of Chicago and got a job with an annual salary of US$4,300. At that time, the annual salary of university professors in the United States was only about US$5,000.

However, the generous treatment did not keep Ye Duzheng in the United States. In 1950, Ye Duzheng returned to mainland China via Hong Kong. The moment he set foot on the motherland, Ye Duzheng burst into tears and had only one thought in his mind, "We're home."

Perhaps the land of his hometown has provided Ye Duzheng with endless inspiration. In more than half a century of scientific research, Ye Duzheng has conducted research in the fields of atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric circulation, climatology and global environmental change. He has made outstanding achievements and achieved many groundbreaking research results. The theory of atmospheric long-wave dispersion that he first proposed is still used in weather forecasting, and the theories of "the plateau is a heat source in summer" and "the atmospheric circulation has seasonal changes" have become classics in atmospheric science. Now, at an advanced age, Ye Duzheng still has not stopped his beloved research work. "I work eight hours a day, but there is never enough time," he said.

In recent years, Ye Duzheng has been engaged in research aimed at making full use of the positive effects of global warming and reducing its negative effects. In 2003, he first proposed the concept of "orderly human activities".

This old man, who is nearly ninety years old, has always carried a notebook with him for many years to write down the problems that come to his mind and occasional inspirations, and urge himself to act as soon as possible. "There are so many things I want to do. If I can complete most of my plans before I leave this world, I will have no regrets in life," he said. Over the years, Ye Duzheng, as an academic master, has spared no effort to train students and guide younger generations, and he has gained many talents all over the world. Farrow, Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organization, specifically mentioned at the award ceremony on the 24th that "Professor Ye, who has always helped students with endless enthusiasm and kindness, has received high respect and gratitude from his disciples all over the world."

Ye Duzheng, who has won many foreign science and technology awards and almost all science and technology awards in China, can no longer remember the exact number of times he has won, but he has never tired of donating his bonuses. In 1995, Ye Duzheng donated the 1 million yuan prize money he received from the "Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation Science and Technology Achievement Award" to the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, to reward young scholars who have made outstanding contributions in the field of atmospheric research.

Ye Duzheng believes that China is still relatively backward in many meteorological research fields. Only by encouraging young scholars can we improve the level of relevant research in China as soon as possible and narrow the gap with advanced countries. "I want to donate the 10,000 Swiss francs from the World Meteorological Organization," Ye Duzheng said.

Introduction to Ye Duzheng and Wu Mengchao, winners of the 2005 National Highest Technology Award

www.XINHUANET.com January 9, 2006 12:48:24 Source: China

< p>At the National Science and Technology Conference held this morning, two scientific and technological workers, Ye Duzheng and Wu Mengchao, won the country's highest science and technology award.

The following is the introduction of the two winners:

Ye Duzheng

Ye Duzheng, male, was born in Tianjin in February 1916. Obtained a doctorate from the University of Chicago, USA; meteorologist, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; has served as researcher and director of the Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, researcher and director of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, and vice president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; currently a special invitee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Consultant, honorary director of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; honorary member of the American Meteorological Society; member of the Royal Meteorological Society; foreign academician of the Academy of Finland; has held important positions in many international and domestic academic organizations.

The main scientific and technological achievements of Academician Ye Duzheng are as follows:

(1) Created the meteorology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Ye Duzheng first discovered that the South Branch Jet Stream and the North Branch Jet Stream surrounding the Tibetan Plateau and their convergence become the most powerful jet stream in the northern hemisphere, which seriously affects the weather and climate in East Asia; he and foreign climatologist Flohn each pointed out that the Tibetan Plateau is the most important part of the atmosphere in summer. Ye Duzheng also first pointed out that the Tibetan Plateau is a source of coldness in winter; he also conducted in-depth research on the heat source of the Tibetan Plateau in summer and its impact on the atmospheric circulation in East Asia. Because of his research work, the concept of large-scale terrain thermal effects was accepted internationally, which laid a scientific foundation for the establishment of meteorology on the Tibetan Plateau.

(2) Establish the theory of atmospheric long-wave energy dispersion. Proposed the energy dispersion theory of Rossby waves in the atmospheric plane, theoretically proving that the energy in the westerly circulation can propagate downstream (or upstream) at a group velocity much greater than the wind speed, providing a theoretical basis for modern atmospheric long wave forecasting; at the same time , also provides a dynamic explanation for the generation, maintenance and movement of blocking high-pressure weather systems. This theory was only popularized by B. Hoskins' "Great Circle Theory" 31 years later and became the theoretical explanation for teleconnection and teleresponse.

(3) Create the theory of East Asian atmospheric circulation and seasonal mutation. Ye Duzheng, Tao Shiyan and others discovered that the circulation in East Asia and North America changes drastically during the transition season (June and October). This discovery is of great significance to China's weather forecast. They also found that the establishment and collapse of the blocking situation are often accompanied by strong changes in the large-scale circulation situation, and its long-term maintenance brings large-scale climate anomalies, thus proving the importance of blocking high pressure in continuous abnormal weather forecasts. These discoveries and theories have become important documents for studying meteorological issues in East Asia and laid an important foundation for weather forecasting in China. More than 10 years later, due to the extremely cold weather in North America in the winter of 1976, foreign scholars began to propose various system theories and formed an important research direction.

(4) Establish the adaptive scale theory of atmospheric movement. Whether the pressure field or the wind field is dominant in the atmospheric circulation is a long-term debate in academic circles, and it is also one of the keys to weather forecasting. Ye Duzheng et al. established the theory of scale adaptation of atmospheric motion through a series of work: there are characteristic scales for motion at different spatial scales. When the spatial scale of the actual motion is larger than this characteristic scale, the air pressure field plays a dominant role; when the spatial scale of the motion is smaller than At the characteristic scale, the wind field plays a leading role; for atmospheric movements at medium and small scales, there are also adaptation problems. This original theory improves the physical explanation of the interaction process of various components of atmospheric motion and has important applications in weather forecasting.

(5) Open up new fields of global change science. From the late 1970s to the 1980s, Ye Duzheng actively organized and led China's climate change research. He actively participated in and played an important role in the founding of the Global Change Science Group (IGBP) and contributed a series of scientific ideas, such as: the sensitivity of climate and vegetation transition zones, the role of atmospheric chemistry in global change and "ordered humanity". Activities” to adapt to global changes, etc. Through simulation calculations, he pointed out that large-scale irrigation can have an impact on climate and hydrology for as long as 3-6 months, thus proving the possibility of the impact of human activities on climate (known as "terrestrial memory").

(6) Outstanding contribution to the development of China’s modern meteorological business. Ye Duzheng's theoretical research results have played an important role in improving the level of meteorological operations, and some of them are still in effect today. For example, the theory of atmospheric long-wave energy dispersion is commonly known as the "upstream effect" in operational weather forecasting; the theory of the formation and maintenance of blocking high pressure has always been It is an important theoretical basis for continuous abnormal weather forecasting in business; the Tibetan Plateau meteorological theory is not only one of the important foundations of weather forecasting in Chinese meteorological operations, but also the main basis of climate forecasting; the wind field and pressure field of atmospheric movement The adaptive scale theory is still one of the main theoretical foundations of weather analysis and forecasting. In addition, he actively participated in and guided the establishment of China's meteorological business system and made substantial contributions to the establishment of the "Meteorological Center", "Climate Center" and "Information Center" of the China Meteorological Administration.

Ye Duzheng’s scientific contributions have been unanimously recognized at home and abroad, and he has won many honors, mainly including: the first prize of the National Natural Science Award; the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation Science and Technology Achievement Award; the Tan Jiageng Earth Science Award; the World The highest award of the WMO - the 48th IMO Award, etc.

When the World Meteorological Organization awarded Ye the IMO Award, it confirmed that the reasons for Ye Duzheng's award were: establishing the meteorology of the Tibetan Plateau; discovering sudden changes in atmospheric circulation; proposing the theory of atmospheric energy dispersion; advocating global change research and human order linked to sustainable development Adaptation of activities to the impact of global changes, etc.