Historical figures and events in Zhoutouzui
Huang Xiaoyang, a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, has an unknown date of birth. According to the "Shu Ming Juan 16 1" extracted from China Dictionary of Names in Past Dynasties, Huang Xiaoyang was falsely imprisoned as a thief in the Ming Dynasty. In 13th year (1448), after Huang escaped from prison, there was an uprising in Guangdong. At that time, farmers in Nanhai, Panyu and Xiangshan counties responded one after another and joined the rebel army, with a total of 654.38+million and more than 800 warships. The rebel army first captured Foshan and made Huang the king of Shun. ) dongyang, and then into Guangzhou city. According to "Notes on the Twenty-second History of Qing Dynasty: Ming Thief", Yang Xinmin, the secretariat of Wudu, went to Guangdong to "summon people to recruit him" in an attempt to divide and disintegrate the rebel army. After Yang's sudden death, he ordered the governor Dong Xing to come to "crusade". In the first year of Jingtai (1450), the two armies attacked Guangzhou. "There are more than a thousand false ships, which are very prosperous. They went to the mainland to kill thieves and drown people. " "Xiao Yang died in midstream, and his father and party member were captured and suppressed. Qu Dajun, a famous scholar in Panyu, Guangdong Province in the Qing Dynasty, recorded in "Guangdong New Language, Human Language and Thief": "The name of the yellow thief is Xiao Yang. Directly invaded Guangzhou, usurped the position of Wuyang Post, and was made King of Dongyang, with more than 0/00 people being appointed as a pseudo-official/kloc. To the south of the Pearl River, there is an old site, which is the place where the pseudo-Nanhan Liugong built its residence. The ship arrived at Wuyang Gate. "
As can be seen from the above historical data, the Yellow Uprising Army was unusually brave and expanded rapidly, and soon captured Guangzhou. Changhua Bieyuan in the South Han Dynasty and the former site of Liu Wanglin (now near Changgang East Road and Jiangnan Avenue in Haizhu District) were rebuilt and expanded into palaces, claiming to be kings. Warships were displayed in Wuxianmen, the former channel of the Pearl River in Baitiantang, and the frontline headquarters was located in Zhoutouzui. Because of Huang Yijun's huge momentum, Qu couldn't help sighing that "Hai Kou's hero is better than Xiao Yang". Although the uprising took only two years from the beginning to the failure, it undoubtedly played a certain role in shaking the foundation of the Ming Dynasty and awakening the people. During the period of 1847, the people of Guangzhou and Henan launched a vigorous struggle against Britain's attempt to seize Zhoutouzui as a concession, and achieved a complete victory, which effectively dealt a blow to the arrogance of the British invaders and the surrender and compromise forces of the Qing court, and greatly inspired the will, confidence and courage of the Guangdong people to resist British aggression against China.
1842, after the first unequal treaty-treaty of nanking was signed between the Qing court and Britain, in order to expand the invasion of China, the British coveted the deep and wide waterway and the strategic Zhoutouzui near the White Swan pond in an attempt to take it for themselves (Shamian had not yet become a foreign concession). From 65438 to 0847, David, the British minister and governor of Hong Kong, used Foshan and other places as an excuse to beat British overseas Chinese. On April 3, he commanded a strong ship and guns to invade Guangzhou, put forward three unreasonable demands of "entering the city, renting land and punishing the fierce", and violently attempted to seize Zhoutouzui as a concession. At that time, Jiao Ying, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi in the Qing court, betrayed the country and flattered the enemy, and actually agreed to what he wanted. Soon, the British measured the land unscrupulously in Zhoutouzui and planted flags to mark the border. This absurd move aroused the indignation of the people in Guangzhou and Henan, and quickly set off a wave of angry resistance. Representatives from 48 towns and villages in Henan rushed to gather in Zhou Shuang Academy (the former site is now located in Ligang Road, Haizhu District, which has been forgotten) to discuss countermeasures. The meeting unanimously adopted the following three decisions: first, organize the Henan People's Armed Self-Defense Force to defend their homeland to the death; 2. Send people to suburban villages and towns for solidarity; Third, draft a letter from forty-eight squires in Henan Hebao to British consular officials. Three days later, more than 3,000 gentry and people's representatives were organized to demonstrate at the "Thirteenth Chamber of Commerce" on the other side, and a letter of protest was delivered. At the same time, 654.38 million brave people in the suburbs of Guangzhou also held demonstrations to show solidarity. Subsequently, he wrote documents such as "Henan squire shows great constitutional responsibility" and "Henan Hebao gentry's popular enlightenment", which were widely circulated and organized a new round of anger against the British invasion, and all parts of the province rose up in succession to support and respond. In the book "Apocalypse of Scholars in Provinces", it is mentioned that Lubusi (Jiaotang Company in Henan Province) and coastal and northwest townships organized nearly one million villagers to stand by and pointed out: "If Britain refuses to live in the mainland, we scholars don't have to care. If you live in the mainland, you will immediately fly to Cambodia to inform Qi Xin, so that no one in Britain will refuse to leave, and the sails will not return, in order to delay people's anger. " Davis and senior citizens were afraid of public anger, so they had to retreat. On May 25th, they announced that they would stop renting maps, and the people of Zhoutouzui finally won a great victory in the anti-British struggle.
To commemorate this feat in China's modern history, on the 40th anniversary of this event 1987, Haizhu District People's Government set up an anti-British commemorative relief named "Nanxun Fenghua" at Zhoutouzuiban1987 on Binjiang West Road to arouse the patriotic enthusiasm of the masses. The relief area is about 100 square meter, the height is about 6 meters, and the width is about 15 meters. There is a 18 gold relief painting on the imitation Redmi stone base, which reproduces the whole process of the people's anti-British struggle in Zhoutouzui. During the period of 1999, the municipal departments widened the whole line of binjiang road and carried out high-standard decoration. The relief of Nanxu Fenghua was temporarily removed, and the relevant departments said that it would be rebuilt in an appropriate place in the future.