Geographical location of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
It covers an area of 4375 square kilometers.
The registered population is 3.574 million (end of 2007)
Postal code 2 1300 1
Code 320400
Area code 05 19
Pinyin Changzhou
magnolia gradiflora
City flower rose
Motor vehicle number plate: Su D
Resident Longjiang Avenue 1280
It is divided into five municipal districts and two county-level cities.
geographical position
Changzhou is located in the center of the beautiful and rich Yangtze River Delta, in the south of Jiangsu Province, bordering on the Yangtze River in the north and Taihu Lake in the south, facing Shanghai and Nanjing equidistant, and the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway, Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal all pass through the city. It is located at 3 1 09'-32 04' north latitude and11908'-12012' east longitude. The territory is slightly higher in the southwest and lower in the northeast, with a difference of about 2 meters. The landform type belongs to high sand plain, and hills and plains coexist. Tianmu Mountain in the south, Maoshan Mountain in the west, Ningzhen Mountain in the north, and vast plains and polder areas in the middle and east.
administrative division
Changzhou has five municipal districts and two county-level cities, namely Tianning District, Zhonglou District, Qishuyan District, Xinbei District, Wujin District, liyang city City and Jintan City. The Municipal People's Government is located at Longjiang Avenue 1280.
Changzhou covers an area of 4 180 square kilometers and has a population of 3.49 million (2004).
Tianning District covers an area of 67 square kilometers and has a population of 380,000. The postal code is 2 13003.
Zhonglou District covers an area of 7 1 km2 and has a population of 350,000. The postal code is 2 13002.
Qishuyan District covers an area of 3 1 km2 and has a population of 80,000. Postal code 2 130 1 1.
Xinbei District covers an area of 439 square kilometers and has a population of 400,000. Postal code 2 1300 1. Hehai zhonglu district people's government.
Wujin District covers an area of 106 1 km2 and has a population of 960,000. Postal code 2 13 16 1. Hutang Town People's Government.
Jintan covers an area of 976 square kilometers and has a population of 540,000. The postal code is 2 13200. The Municipal People's Government is stationed in Jincheng Town.
Liyang city covers an area of 1.535 square kilometers and has a population of 780,000. The postal code is 2 13300. The Municipal People's Government is located in Lizhen.
* The area and population data here are based on the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (2006) *
Human population
The total population is 3.574 million, including urban area 1864 square kilometers and population of 2.247 million. (Population is the new data at the end of 2007)
natural disaster
Changzhou has many natural disasters in history, such as floods, winds, hail and earthquakes.
climate
Changzhou is located in the south of Jiangsu Province, belonging to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, bordering the Yangtze River in the north and Taihu Lake in the south, just one step away from the sea. It belongs to the tropical maritime climate of North Asia, with mild climate, abundant rainfall and four distinct seasons throughout the year. Meiyu often occurs in Changzhou in late spring and early summer, and it is hot and rainy in summer. The highest temperature often reaches above 35℃, and the air is humid and the climate is cold in winter.
History and culture
Historical background
Yanling, as the first name in Changzhou history, has a permanent commemorative significance. In 547 BC, Wu Wangyu sacrificed his brother to Yanling, and Changzhou had its first place name. Named after Yanling, it has far-reaching historical and cultural implications.
develop
Changzhou is an ancient cultural city with a long history of more than 2,500 years. During the Spring and Autumn Period in 547 BC, the city was founded and the country was founded, which was called Yanling. Another name is Longcheng, which was the fief of Ji Zha, the fourth son of King Shoumeng of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Qin Zhi county.
After the Western Jin Dynasty. For the county, state, road and government, the city name has been changed to Piling, Pitan, Jinling, Lanling, Changzhou, Nanlanling, Changzhou and Wujin for many times. The name "Changzhou" began in the Sui Dynasty and was formerly called "County". Later, it was called "Zhou" in the Song Dynasty, "Dao" in the Yuan Dynasty and "Fu" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, all of which were under the jurisdiction of counties.
From the 4th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1726), Changzhou Prefecture has jurisdiction over 8 counties including Wujin, Yanghu, Wuxi, Jingui, Yixing, Jingxi, Jiangyin and Jingjiang. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was still one house (Changzhou House) and two counties (Wujin and Yanghu) in the city.
19 12 abolished Changzhou prefecture, and Yanghu county was merged into Wujin county. At the beginning of liberation, Changzhou was in charge of Changzhou and six counties including Wuxi, Jiangyin, Wujin, Yixing, Liyang and Jintan.
1953 65438+ 10, Changzhou was designated as a provincial city, and in March of that year, * * * governed six districts;
1July, 958, Zhenjiang District was moved to Changzhou, renamed Changzhou District, and Changzhou belonged to it.
Cultural characteristics
Changzhou, also known as "Dragon City". Since the Western Jin Dynasty, Changzhou has always been the seat of counties, prefectures and governments, and is known as "the important town of three Wu and the famous city of eight cities". Here, outstanding people and outstanding people enjoy the reputation of "there are famous tribes in the world, and there is nowhere to compete with them in the southeast". Changzhou Classics School, Yanghu Literature School, Changzhou Ci School, Changzhou Painting School and Meng He Medical College are famous all over the country.
Folk arts and crafts:
Root carving, Jintan paper carving, wooden comb, random needle embroidery, Han painting brick carving screen, bamboo carving
Local customs:
Women go back to their parents' home to "rest in June"
Taste the three delicacies in the long summer.
February 12 "Flower Festival"
On the second day of February, "the dragon looked up"
The solstice in winter is as big as a year.
"Spring in a year" and "Double Busy"
"Sending stoves" and "collecting stoves"
"Three corpse gods" and dust removal eaves
The Horse and the Monk Crossing the River and I am shocked to hear that Remy is like mud.
Important historical events
Changzhou Cao Yun
Because of its unique geographical position, ancient Changzhou occupies an important position in the history of water transport, with Jingkou in the upper part and Gusu in the lower part, with rivers and lakes, the Yangtze River in the north and the protection of the country in the south. Lake, occupying a corner of Taihu Lake in the southeast, is surrounded by Jingjiang River, and Furong Lake, which is second only to Taihu Lake, is superior to the southeast, so Changzhou has become a transportation hub of "a state with three lakes in front and a meeting in the east".
Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a large amount of grain has been transported to the north, and Changzhou has become the center of grain transportation, and hundreds of thousands of stones have been transported every year. Later, it gradually increased to 3 million stones, reaching a peak of 7 million stones in the Song Dynasty. Therefore, Changzhou has an important geographical position that "dozens of States from Susong to Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian and Beijing all come from this road" and is the only way to pay tribute. In the eighth year of Tang Yuanhe (8 13), Meng Jian, the secretariat of Changzhou, dredged Mengdu (now Meng He) to lead the Yangtze River to the Northwest Canal of Changzhou to facilitate water transportation. In Song Dynasty, road transport companies from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jinghu, Guangxi and Fujian were established in Changzhou to undertake grain transportation. Xichun in Southern Song Dynasty (1174-1189), a native of Beijing, Yixing? From the lake to Changzhou, Jingxi (now the South Canal) was dredged and became a canal for water transportation. Since then, grain ships from Yi and Li regions have been shipped out from here. In the 26th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1393), the Changzhou government requisitioned 5335 15 stones of grain and rice, accounting for 2. 16% of the total grain requisitioned in China, which was close to the sum of grain requisitioned in Guangxi and Yunnan provinces. In the fifth year of the Ming Dynasty (1440), in order to solve the problem of rice storage in Changzhou, a western warehouse was built in the south of Qu, Huainan Township, Wujin, to store rice from Wujin County, and it was transported to the east of Yanghu Lake, and an eastern warehouse was built in Henan to store rice from Yanghu County. In the Qing Dynasty, Changzhou was one of the areas with the heaviest pages in Beijing. In the second year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1724), there were 120 bad white grain ships in Wujin County, which were moored in the area of Dawangmiao, Li Yongfeng, outside Ximen City, and then extended to Baijiaqiao until the early years of Daoguang.
/kloc-In the 1930s of 0/5, there was a flood in the south of the Yangtze River, and Zhou Chen went to the south of the Yangtze River to control the water, and built a dike to stop the river in Daxing Lake to prevent the flood. Reclamation of 37,000 mu in 20 years has gradually reduced or even disappeared the areas of Furong Lake, Yanghu Lake and Linjin Lake. As a result, Changzhou is not rich in water resources and the water level is unbalanced, which makes Changzhou, which was originally dominated by lake water, become dominated by river water. Due to the disrepair of the canal, the quicksand in the Yangtze River has been seriously silted, and the sunken ship carrying grain to the north has been sinking. By the end of Qing Dynasty, most canals in Shandong were blocked, and grain could not be transported from Changzhou. In the fifth year of Daoguang (1825), the waterway transportation test was successful, and Changzhou gradually moved eastward to Wuxi. Since then, more than two thousand years of shipping history, Changzhou history and canal transportation history have come to an end.
Urban planning layout and scale
Over the years, Changzhou has been rated as one of the top 50 cities with comprehensive strength in China and 40 cities with excellent investment environment in China. We have successfully established a national health city, a national environmental protection model city and a provincial garden city, and won the titles of "National Advanced City for Scientific and Technological Progress", "National Excellent City for Comprehensive Management of Social Security", "National Advanced City for Civilized Cities" and "China Excellent Tourism City".
In addition, it is also the best business city in Forbes (65,438+02), and China is among the top 30 cities in terms of competitiveness. In 2003, it was approved by the State Council to build a megacity. In recent years, the pace of urban construction is accelerating to build a megacity. In 2005, the built-up area has reached 145 square kilometers.
In 2004, Changzhou was recognized by the State Environmental Protection Administration as the first batch of national environmental protection model city groups (including Jintan and Liyang).
Industry and transportation
resources
The vast plain polder area in Changzhou has fertile soil, dense river network, abundant heat, abundant rain and sunshine, which is suitable for the growth of animals and plants. There are more than 1000 common gymnosperms and angiosperms, belonging to more than 100 families. There are abundant resources of traditional Chinese medicine, and more than 1,000 kinds of medicinal varieties 1 have been found, including 9 kinds of plant medicines such as perilla, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Pinellia ternata and Atractylodes lancea, 92 kinds of animal medicines and 0/1kind of mineral medicines. There are 239 kinds of drugs designated as key varieties by the state and province, among which Atractylodes lancea, Pinellia ternata and Schizonepeta tenuifolia are famous medicinal materials in China. There are more than 200 species of animals belonging to Chordata, belonging to 13. There are mussels, shrimps, crabs, fish, pheasants, rabbits and so on. Edible, weasel, leopard cat, grass rabbit, badger, etc. Can be used as fur, skink, cuckoo, woodpecker, grey magpie, domestic bat, etc. Can protect agriculture and forestry. Since 1960s, cultured mussels and pearls have sprung up in rural areas, and Luoyang Town in Wujin City is a famous "pearl town" in China. 1995, the area of cultivated land in the whole region was 3.669 million mu, and the per capita cultivated land was 1. 1 mu, making it one of the national commodity grain bases.
The mountainous and hilly areas are rich in resources and products. Rocks in mountainous areas, mainly timely sandstone, shale and conglomerate, followed by marble, granite and basalt, are all good building materials. Mengcheng axe splits stones, angular, white line and yellow line, making bonsai is male. The beautiful and dangerous beauty of nature is known as "a must in Meng He".
There are small coal mines in China, such as Buge and Hou Yu coal mines in Wujin, Rulin and Maoshan coal mines in Jintan, and Huang Shang and Zhu Ye coal mines in Liyang. Liyang has a small amount of minerals such as iron, copper and manganese. The proven salt reserves in Jintan are 65.438+06.242 billion tons (sodium chloride reserves are 65.438+02.538 billion tons), which are distributed within 60.5 square kilometers. From June 65438 to June 65438194, Maoxi Salt Mine was completed and put into operation, which will form an annual production capacity of 3 million standard brine (i.e. 300,000 tons of solid salt), reaching the national standard for large mines.
The mountains, rocks and caves here also bring beautiful scenery to Changzhou. There are two caves in Qinglong Mountain, Qinglong Cave and Baihu Cave, with grotesque rocks and different shapes. Wuyuan Mountain has the reputation of "flying green teeth"; The three palaces and five scenic spots in Maoshan and the thirty-six caves in Jiu Feng add mystery to this famous Taoist shrine.
The hilly and mountainous areas are rich in natural vegetation, with a forest coverage rate of 70%. Liyang has more than 260 species of woody plants, with an accumulation of 609,600 cubic meters, and is listed as one of the key forest specialty bases in Jiangsu Province. The southern mountainous area is rich in Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys bambusa and carnation, and is known as the "Bamboo Sea", with the bamboo output ranking second in the province.
Changzhou is also an important tea-producing area in China. Jintan's Maoshan Qingfeng, Maolu Banner Stick, Lu Fang Queshe, Yuhua, Yinya and Hongsui No.1, Liyang's Shuixi Bai Cui, Nanshan Shoumei and Zhuze Biluochun are famous all over the country and sell well at home and abroad. Jintan Maolu Tea Farm has also been designated as a national-level tea seed breeding base.
industry
Changzhou is one of the birthplaces of national industry and commerce in modern China, which is famous for its developed economy and comparable industry and commerce. In the early 1980s, Changzhou became a famous industrial star city in China, and created a famous "Southern Jiangsu Model" characterized by developed township industries. It is the earliest "pilot city for comprehensive reform of economic system" and "open city" in China.
Today, Changzhou is led by four pillar industries: agricultural machinery manufacturing, power transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing, automobile and accessories manufacturing, and new textile and garment industry, which drives the development of three emerging industries: electronic information, new materials industry, biomedicine and fine chemical industry, and strives to build an advanced manufacturing base, with the scale and brand effect gradually emerging.
In 2006, the city's regional GDP reached 654.38+0.56 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+0.05% at comparable prices. Calculated by the resident population, the per capita GDP reached 372 10 yuan, which was converted to 4770 US dollars at the current exchange rate. With the rapid development of the national economy, local financial resources have been significantly enhanced. In 2006, the city's total fiscal revenue was 27.73 billion yuan, an increase of 25.8% over the previous year, of which the local general budget revenue exceeded 100 billion yuan, reaching1.89 billion yuan, an increase of 25.2%. The general budget expenditure was1159 million yuan, an increase of 18.5% over the previous year. In the whole year, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 95 1.6 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6% over the previous year.
traffic
Changzhou enjoys convenient land, sea and air transportation. Beijing-shanghai railway, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, 3 12 National Road, Shanghai-Nanjing, Ning Hang-Changning, Jiang Yan Expressway (Changshu), Changcheng, Yi Xi and other expressways, as well as Changzhou Airport, the second largest airport in Jiangsu, and Siwei Civil Aviation, constitute a developed land, sea and air transportation network in Changzhou. In addition, Changzhou Railway Station, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway under construction, Changzhou Railway Station, Shanghai-Nanjing intercity rail, urban elevated expressway network and planned light rail 1 line also add bright colors to Changzhou's traffic.
Changzhou government pays attention to people's livelihood. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) was opened on June 2008 at 65438+1 October1,which is the first BRT system in Jiangsu Province. Let Changzhou people really feel the convenience of travel.
Go sightseeing
Scenic spot
Tianning Temple, known as "the first jungle in the southeast"; Hongmeige, Dongpo West Wild Goose Lake, Hua Teng Old Museum, Tang Jingchuan Tomb, Wang Fu Site of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Weidun Village Site, Qu Qiubai Memorial Hall, Yancheng Site in the Spring and Autumn Period, Tianning Temple in the Tang Dynasty, Wenbi Pagoda in the Southern Dynasty, Zhouting Pavilion in Su Dongpo in the Northern Song Dynasty, etc. In recent years, Changzhou has accelerated the development of tourism resources and launched China Dinosaur Park, Liyang Tianmu Lake Tourist Resort and Jintan Maoshan Scenic Area.