Xianling Mausoleum: The Imperial Mausoleum with the Best Geomantic omen in Tang Dynasty
Fairy spirit is located in Xumuyuan (now Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province) in Weibei Plateau. Xu Mu Yuan was also called Wanshou Park in the Tang Dynasty, and some historical materials were also called Bailuyuan. Xu Mu originally belonged to the Beishan Mountains, a branch of Luliang Mountain, and was the most important branch of the "Northern Dragon" among the "Three Dragons" in the eyes of China ancient scholars. However, Xumuyuan is only 500 meters above sea level, which is naturally not imposing compared with the elevation of 99 where Zhaoling is located. However, although Xu Muyuan is flat, his vision is quite broad, and looking at Chang 'an from a distance makes him relaxed and happy. Archaeological data show that Xianling Mausoleum is located in the middle of Xumuyuan. Four kilometers to the west of the mausoleum, there are 1 1 Duanling of Sun Wuzong and Li Yan, and 6.5 kilometers to the west, there are some Zhuangling. History of Geomantic Treasures was finalized by Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin.
The ancient geomantic treasures in China have different expressions in different periods, but "storing wind to get water" is the basic feature of every geomantic treasure. Feng Shui Feng Shui, the key is to have "water", and the flow direction of water should be tortuous. Looking back, you can't go straight, otherwise you can't compare; For the surrounding terrain and mountain shape, it is required to be "left green dragon, right white tiger, former suzaku and later Xuanwu", that is, the so-called "four spirits theory".
The method of field observation is, "Xuanwu bows its head, Suzaku dances, Qinglong faces the wind, and the white tiger is tame". According to this standard, Xu Muyuan, the burial place chosen by Li Shimin for Li Yuanbu, has not been a perfect auspicious place for thousands of years, and the "short board" in geomantic omen is obvious.
Guanzhong is rich in treasures, but most of them are occupied by predecessors. Because the Mausoleum of the Western Han Dynasty has occupied the Weibei Plateau, which is near the Weihe River and has the most "water", the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty can only choose the area north of the Mausoleum of the Han Dynasty, and according to the principle that the burial place should be north of the capital, there is no place. At that time, under the guidance and excavation of Feng Shui masters such as Yuan Tiangang, Li and others, the Eighteen Mausoleums were all located on the second plateau north of the Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
From Ganxian to Pucheng, it stretches for nearly 300 miles from east to west. According to the research of local archaeologists in Shaanxi, its distribution was found out. From west to east, it is: Ganling, where Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian were buried together; Jingling buried by Li Xian, Jingling buried by Emperor Taizong; Jianling built by Hengli buried in Taizong, Li Shimin; Ling Zhen buried by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty in Li Chen; Chongling was buried by Emperor Shili of Jing Zong; Duanling buried by Li Yan, who was buried by Wu Zong; And the mausoleum presented by Emperor Li Yuan. From west to east, and to the north of Xianling Line, there are Li Yuan Jian's Tomb, Dai Yu Yuan Ling and Wenzong Li Ling in turn.
Ang's Zhang Ling, Li Xian's Zhongzong Dingling, Li Yong's Shunzong Abundance, Li Dan's Qiaoling, Xian Zongchun's Jingling, Guangling and Xuanzong's Tailing in Li Longji.
Li Xian Dingling, Zhongzu.
Li Xian Dingling, Zhongzu.
Li Xian Dingling, Zhongzu.
Judging from the distribution of the Eighteen Mausoleums, it seems chaotic and disorderly. For example, Ganling, where Emperor Li Zhi and Wu Zetian were buried together, was once accused of being disordered in geomantic omen and "peeing" on ancestors' heads, which was not as exquisite and rigorous as the Ming and Qing emperors' tombs. According to the emperor's personal preferences and fate, the tombs of the Tang Dynasty pay attention to individuality, which obviously does not conform to the increasingly mature and exquisite Feng Shui ethics.
Tang Suzong Hengli Jianling
Quetai Site in Jianling, Hengli City, Tang Suzong
According to China's ancient geomantic theory, among the eighteen tombs, Zhaoling in Li Shimin and Jianling in Warrior Mountain are the best, surrounded by Jinghe River and Mianhe River. The dry tombs of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian are full of yin qi, and the yin qi is too heavy, which is an alternative in the land of Feng Shui.
The First Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty and the Emperor Tai Shang of the Han Dynasty became "neighbors"
Every dynasty attaches great importance to the mausoleum of the founding emperor, because the geomantic omen of the first mausoleum is the most important, which can protect future generations and ensure the continuous prosperity of Long Mai. However, the first mausoleum in the Tang Dynasty was an exception. The simplicity of Li Yuan's tomb and the rough geomantic omen have become one of the reasons for later generations to accuse Li Shimin. However, there is a mystery in the First Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty. From site selection to supervision, Li Shimin should have spent a lot of time. This move is not unreasonable. Why did Li Shimin choose Xu Mu Yuan as his father's permanent territory? It is said that Li Shimin wanted Li Yuan and Liu Bang's father to be neighbors.
Li Shimin compared himself with Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty. Liu Bang's father, Liu Zhui, was also called the father of the emperor. Liu Zui Mausoleum, recorded in the book as "Wannian Mausoleum", is located 7.5 kilometers east of Xianling. As they are both the emperors' fathers, their historical status is quite equal, so Li Shimin buried his father in Xumuyuan on the west side of Wannian Mausoleum.
However, when Li Shimin was in Budi, he kept an eye on it and "elevated" Tang Gaozu's position a little. Xu Mu Yuan is at an altitude of 500 meters, while Liu is at an altitude of 450 meters. Judging from the situation, he is much shorter.
Some historians believe that Xu Muyuan and Liu Zhui were buried next door, which may have the meaning of Li Yuan himself. Li Yuan was 70 years old when he died, and he was the emperor's father for nine years. I used to be 70 years old. At the time of the Xuanwumen mutiny, Li Yuan was 6 1 year old, and he also lived a long life. He must have thought about his own affairs before he died. Visible, Xu Muyuan mausoleum site, at least should know.
The inscriptions on the stone carvings in front of the mausoleum reveal the secrets of the royal family.
In the 1950s, archaeologists in New China discovered the inscription "Two Notes on Masons' Small Soup on September 11th, Wude Decade" on the east side of Shi Hu, a famous stone carving in front of Fairy Spirit. There is another mystery here. Some scholars believe that it was carved by craftsmen by mistake at that time. But this reason is untenable. If it is really a mistake, can the craftsman still live? If you hadn't been beheaded, you would have been punished. Another scholar believes that this is evidence that the Xianling Mausoleum started construction when Li Yuan was in office, at least before his death. Moreover, it can even be inferred from the inscription that Tang Gaozu did not expect that he would be ousted from the throne by his son, and the craftsman carved the title in advance, so there was the emergence of "Ten Years of Martial Arts". In fact, the year recorded in the history books was the first year of Zhenguan, and the emperor was Li Shimin. But why this line of inscriptions can survive and how deep the mystery is has not been solved so far.
A major feature of the tombs in the Tang Dynasty is that "the mountains are the tombs", which created a new rule for the tombs of ancient emperors in China. 18 tomb, 14 tomb is this type. However, as the first mausoleum, fairy spirits are the old rules of imperial tombs in Qin and Han Dynasties. What is very special is that it starts from underground and "closes the soil for the mausoleum". In addition, the Zhuang Mausoleum, Duan Mausoleum and Jing Mausoleum of Li Yan were all built in accordance with Li Yuan's regulations on offering tombs.
Emperor feng shui of Tang dynasty