Climatic characteristics and causes of tropical rain forest

Tropical rain forest is characterized by high temperature, rainy weather and large temperature difference all year round.

In areas where tropical rainforests are distributed, the annual rainfall is very high, usually higher than 1,8 mm, and in some places it reaches 3,5 mm.. The annual rainfall is evenly distributed and humid all the year round, and the air relative humidity is above 95%. The average precipitation is more than 8 inches per year, which exceeds the annual evaporation. There is no obvious seasonal change, and the temperature is generally around 3℃ during the day and about 2℃ at night.

A detailed introduction to the climate characteristics of tropical rain forest

It is hot and rainy all year round. The annual variation of solar radiation is small, and because the sun passes through the zenith twice before and after the vernal equinox and autumn equinox in a year, the annual variation of meteorological elements has the characteristics of double peaks. In a year, the monthly average temperature varies between 24-28℃, and the annual temperature difference generally does not exceed 5℃, especially in the ocean, which usually does not exceed 1℃. The daily variation of temperature is larger than that of the year, and the daily range can reach 1-15℃. However, the daily maximum temperature rarely exceeds 35℃, and the daily minimum temperature rarely falls below 2℃. The annual humidity is high. As far as the lower reaches of the Amazon River are concerned, the annual average relative humidity is over 9%. Plenty of precipitation, mostly accompanied by thunderstorms, the annual precipitation is 15-3mm, and the maximum is more than 6mm in mountainous areas. For example, the annual precipitation in Debenjia at the foot of the volcano in Cameroon, Africa is 947mm. The seasonal distribution of precipitation is relatively uniform, but there are still significant differences in individual areas. For example, the Congo River basin in Africa is more continental than the tropical rain forests in Asia and South America, and some places have less rainfall. For example, from October to May, the monthly rainfall in Libreville, Gabon is 2-3 mm, while it is only 5 mm in June and July. In addition, there will also be dry and rainless areas in the ocean, such as Morden Island in the Pacific Ocean (4 south latitude and 155 west longitude), with an annual precipitation of only 73mm. In the alpine region with tropical rain forest climate, the temperature is low, but its annual change is still very small. These areas, from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, can have a climate of tropical rain forest to snow all year round, showing a variety of natural landscapes similar to those from the equator to the polar regions, with the most colorful vertical distribution. There are two seasons: drought and rain.

the weather is monotonous. Controlled by the equatorial ocean air mass all year round, the wind is weak, and the seasonal phase does not change. Basically, it is sultry and sunny every morning, and then the cumulus clouds accumulate thicker and thicker. In the afternoon, it rains cats and dogs, and the weather is slightly cool after the rain, and it is the same again the next day.

tropical rain forest climate distribution area

tropical rain forest climate is distributed near the equator. Specifically. They are mainly distributed in the Amazon River Basin in South America, the eastern part of Central America, the Congo River Basin in Africa, the northern shore of the Gulf of Guinea, the eastern part of Madagascar, the southern part of the Malay Peninsula, the Malay Archipelago, the southern part of the Philippine Islands, Irian Island, Indonesia, Sumatra Island in Oceania to new guinea and the northeastern part of Australia.

Geographical location

Tropical rainforests are mainly distributed in the jungle areas of South America, Asia and Africa, and most tropical rainforests are located between 23.5 degrees north latitude and 23.5 degrees south latitude. In tropical rain forests, there are usually three to five layers of vegetation, and trees as high as 15 feet to 18 feet are covered like tents. The density of the first few layers of vegetation depends on the degree of sunlight penetrating the upper trees. The more sunlight comes in, the greater the density.

Topography

The topography of the rainforest area is complex and diverse, from lowland plains with scattered rocky hills to plateau canyons with criss-crossing streams. The landform has created a variety of rainforest landscapes. In the forest, quiet pools, rushing streams and waterfalls are everywhere; Towering trees, winding vines and lush flowers interweave into a green maze.

Soil types

Typical soils developed under tropical evergreen rainforests are latosol and red soil with ashing phenomenon. The former is distributed in areas with high terrain, good drainage and less rainy seasons, while the latter is mainly distributed in areas with abundant precipitation, closed forests and lack of herbaceous vegetation in each season. (Organized from the Internet, if copyright issues are involved, please contact WeChat official account for handling)

How is the tropical rain forest climate distributed

Tropical rain forest climate is mainly distributed near the equator, usually in the Amazon basin in South America and the eastern part of Central America, the Congo River basin in Africa, the northern shore of the Gulf of Guinea, the eastern part of Madagascar, the southern part of the Malay Peninsula, the Malay Archipelago, the southern part of the Philippine Islands, Irian Island, Indonesia and the area from Sumatra Island to new guinea in Oceania.

on behalf of cities

Asia

Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Singapore (Singapore), bandar seri begawan (Brunei), Jakarta (Indonesia), Bandung (Indonesia), Surabaya (Indonesia), Cebu (Philippines) and Davao (Philippines).

Africa

Conakry (Guinea), Monrovia (Liberia), Abidjan (Cô te d 'Ivoire), Accra (Ghana), Lomé (Togo), Lagos (Nigeria), Yaoundé (Cameroon) and Libreville (Gabon).

Oceania

townsville (Australia), port moresby (Papua New Guinea), Port Vila (Vanuatu), Suva (Fiji), Argana (Guam) and Papeete (French Polynesia).

South America

Paramaribo (Suriname), Georgetown (Guyana), Manaus (Brazil), Belé m (Brazil), El Salvador (Brazil) and Iquitos (Peru).

North America

Havana (Cuba), Kingston (Jamaica), Santo Domingo (Dominica), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Castries (Saint Lucia), Bridgetown (Barbados) and Panama City (Panama).